New mastodonsaurid temnospondyls from the cynognathus assemblage zone (upper beaufort group; karoo basin) of South Africa

Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology

Volumn 23, Issue 1, 2003, Pages 54-66

  Damiani, Ross J ^a   Hancox, P John ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF THE WITWATERSRAND   (South Africa)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

MORPHOLOGY; NEW SPECIES; PALEOBIOGEOGRAPHY; SKULL; TAXONOMY; TETRAPOD; TRIASSIC;

SOUTH AFRICA;

CYNOGNATHUS; TETRAPODA; VERTEBRATA;

EID: 0038323310     PISSN: 02724634     EISSN: 19372809     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1671/0272-4634(2003)23[54:NMTFTC]2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (71)

1. Anderson, H. M., and J. M. Anderson. 1970. A preliminary review of the biostratigraphy of the uppermost Permian, Triassic and lowermost Jurassic of Gondwanaland. Palaeontologia africana 13:1-22
2. Anderson, J. M., and A. R. I. Cruickshank. 1978. The biostratigraphy of the Permian and the Triassic, Part 5: a review of the classification and distribution of Permo-Triassic tetrapods. Palaeontologia africana 21:15-44
3. Battail, B. 1988. Biostratigraphie des formations Permo-Triasiques continentales á Vertébrés tétrapodes et biogéographie du Gondwana. Annales de la Société Géologique du Nord 107:37-44
4. Battail, B. 1993. On the biostratigraphy of Triassic therapsid-bearing formations. New Mexico Museum of Natural History & Science Bulletin 3:31-35
5. Broili, F., and J. Schroder. 1937. Beobachtungen an Wirbeltieren der Karrooformation. XXVII. Uber einen Capitosauriden aus der Cynognathus-Zone. Sitzungsberichte der bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 1937:97-117
6. Broom, R. 1904. On a new South African labyrinthodont (Cyclotosaurus albertyni). Records of the Albany Museum 1:178-180
7. Broom, R.1909. Notice of some new South African fossil amphibians and reptiles. Annals of the South African Museum 7:270-278
8. Bystrow, A. P., and J. A. Efremov. 1940. Benthosuchus sushkini Efremov—a labyrinthodont from the Eotriassic of the Sharzenga River. Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta 10:1-152. [Russian]
9. Chernin, S. 1974. Capitosaurid amphibians from the Upper Luangwa Valley, Zambia. Palaeontologia africana 17:29-55
10. Chernin, S.1978. Three capitosaurs from the Triassic of South Africa: Parotosuchus africanus (Broom 1909), Kestrosaurus dreyeri Haughton 1925, and Parotosuchus dirus sp. nov. Palaeontologia africana 21: 79-100
11. Cooper, M. R. 1982. A mid-Permian to earliest Jurassic tetrapod biostratigraphy and its significance. Arnoldia Zimbabwe 9:77-104
12. Cosgriff, J. W. 1965. A new genus of Temnospondyli from the Triassic of Western Australia. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 48:65-90
13. Cosgriff, J. W.1984. The temnospondyl labyrinthodonts of the earliest Triassic. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 4:30-46
14. Cruickshank, A. R. I. 1986. Biostratigraphy and classification of a new Triassic dicynodont from East Africa. Modern Geology 10:121-131
15. Damiani, R. J. 1999. Parotosuchus (Amphibia, Temnospondyli) in Gondwana: biostratigraphie and palaeobiogeographic implications. South African Journal of Science 95:458-460
16. Damiani, R. J. 2001a. Parotosuchus (Amphibia, Temnospondyli) from the Cynognathus Assemblage Zone (Early Triassic) of South Africa: cranial morphology and relationships. Alcheringa 25:351-379
17. Damiani, R. J. 2001b. A systematic revision and phylogenetic analysis of Triassic mastodonsauroids (Temnospondyli, Stereospondyli). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 133:379-482
18. Damiani, R. J. 2001c. Cranial anatomy of the giant Middle Triassic temnospondyl Cherninia megarhina and a review of feeding in mastodonsaurids. Palaeontologia africana 37:41-52
19. Damiani, R. J., and J. W. Kitching. 2003. A new brachyopid temnospondyl from the Cynognathus Assemblage Zone, Upper Beaufort Group, South Africa. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 23:67-78
20. Damiani, R. J., and A. A. Warren. 1996. A new look at members of the Superfamily Brachyopoidea (Amphibia, Temnospondyli) from the Early Triassic of Queensland and a preliminary analysis of brachyopoid relationships. Alcheringa 20:277-300
21. DuToit, A. L. 1954. The Geology of South Africa. Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh and London, 611 pp
22. Groenewald, G. H. 1996. Stratigraphy and sedimentology of the Tarkastad Subgroup, Karoo Supergroup, South Africa. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Port Elizabeth, Port Elizabeth, 145 pp
23. Hancox, P. J. 1998. A stratigraphie, sedimentological and palaeoenvironmental synthesis of the Beaufort-Molteno contact in the Karoo Basin. Ph.D. dissertation, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 404 pp
24. Hancox, P. J. 2000. The continental Triassic of South Africa. Zentralblatt für-Geologie und Paläontologie Teil I 1998:1285-1324
25. Hancox, P. J., R. J. Damiani, and B. S. Rubidge. 2000. First occurrence of Paracyclotosaurus (Temnospondyli, Capitosauridae) in the Karoo Basin of South Africa and its biostratigraphie significance. South African Journal of Science 96:135-137
26. Hancox, P. J., and B. S. Rubidge. 1996. The first specimen of the Mid-Triassic dicynodont Angonisaurus from the Karoo of South Africa: implications for the dating and biostratigraphy of the Cynognathus Assemblage Zone, Upper Beaufort Group. South African Journal of Science 92:391-392
27. Hancox, P. J., and 1997. The role of fossils in interpreting the development of the Karoo Basin. Palaeontologia africana 33:41-54
28. Hancox, P. J., M. A. Shishkin, B. S. Rubidge, and J. W. Kitching. 1995. A threefold subdivision of the Cynognathus Assemblage Zone (Beaufort Group, South Africa) and its palaeogeographical implications. South African Journal of Science 91:143-144
29. Haughton, S. H. 1925. Investigations in South African fossil reptiles and Amphibia (Part 13). Annals of the South African Museum 22: 227-261
30. Howie, A. A. 1970. A new capitosaurid labyrinthodont from East Africa. Palaeontology 13:210-253
31. Huene, F. von. 1940. Die Saurier der Karroo-, Gondwanaund verwandten Ablagerungen in faunistischer, biologischer und phylogenetischer Hinsicht. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paläontologie Abt. B, 83:246-347
32. Ingavat, R., and P. Janvier. 1981. Cyclotosaurus cf. posthumus Fraas (Capitosauridae, Stereospondyli) from the Huai Hin Lat Formation (Upper Triassic), northeastern Thailand, with a note on capitosaurid biogeography. Géobios 14:711-725
33. Johnson, M. R. 1994. Lexicon of South African Stratigraphy. Council for Geoscience, Pretoria, 56 pp
34. Kamphausen, D. 1989. Der Schädel von Eocyclotosaurus woschmidti Ortlam (Amphibia, Stegocephalia) aus dem Oberen Buntsandstein (Trias) der Schwarzwaldes (SW-Deutschland). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde Serie B, 149:1-65
35. Kamphausen, D.1994. Eine Schädelasymmetrie bei Cyclotosaurus Fraas (Amphibia, Stegocephalia) aus dem Stubensandstein (Trias) von Württemberg (SW-Deutschland). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde Serie B, 210:1-12
36. Kamphausen, D., and M. Morales. 1981. Eocyclotosaurus lehmani, a new combination for Stenotosaurus lehmani Heyler, 1969 (Amphibia). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Monatshefte 1981: 651-656
37. Kitching, J. W. 1958. A new small stereospondylous labyrinthodont from the Triassic beds of South Africa. Palaeontologia africana 5: 67-82
38. Kamphausen, D.1977. The distribution of the Karroo vertebrate fauna. Bernard Price Institute for Palaeontological Research, Memoir No. 1:1-131
39. Latimer, E. M. 1998. Rhinesuchoid temnospondyls from the Karoo of South Africa and their use in biostratigraphie correlations. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 18:58A
40. Laurin, M. 1998. The importance of global parsimony and historical bias in understanding tetrapod evolution. Part I. Systematics, middle ear evolution and jaw suspension. Annales des Sciences Naturelles 1998:1-42
41. Lucas, S. G. 1998. Global Triassic tetrapod biostratigraphy and biochronology. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 143:347-384
42. Lydekker, R. 1885. The Reptilia and Amphibia of the Maleri and Denwa Groups. Palaeontologia Indica (Ser. IV. Indian pre-Tertiary Vertebrata) 1(5):30-38
43. Maryanska, T., and M. A. Shishkin. 1996. New cyclotosaurid (Amphibia: Temnospondyli) from the Middle Triassic of Poland and some problems of interrelationships of capitosauroids. Prace Muzeum Ziemi 43:53-83
44. Mukherjee, R. N., and D. P. Sengupta. 1998. New capitosaurid amphibians from the Triassic Denwa Formation of the Satpura Gondwana Basin, Central India. Alcheringa 22:317-327
45. Ochev, V. G., and M. A. Shishkin. 1989. On the principles of global correlation of the continental Triassic on the tetrapods. Acta Pa-laeontologica Polonica 34:149-173
46. Owen, R. 1884. On a labyrinthodont amphibian (Rhytidosteus capensis) from the Trias of the Orange Free State, Cape of Good Hope. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 40:333-339
47. Paton, R. 1974. Capitosauroid labyrinthodonts from the Trias of England. Palaeontology 17:253-290
48. Rubidge, B. S. 1995. Biostratigraphy of the Beaufort Group (Karoo Supergroup). South African Committee for Stratigraphy Biostratigraphic Series No. 1. Council for Geoscience, Pretoria, 46 pp
49. Schoch, R. R. 1997. A new capitosaur amphibian from the Upper Lettenkeuper (Triassic: Ladinian) of Kupferzell (Southern Germany). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen 203:239-272
50. Schoch, R. R. 1999. Comparative osteology of Mastodonsaurus giganteus (Jaeger, 1828) from the Middle Triassic (Lettenkeuper: Longobardian) of Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Thüringen). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde Serie B, 278:1-175
51. Schoch, R. R. 2000a. The stapes of Mastodonsaurus giganteus (Jaeger 1828)—structure, articulation, ontogeny and functional implications. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen 215:177-200
52. Schoch, R. R. 2000b. Biogeography of stereospondyl amphibians. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen 215:201-231
53. Schoch, R. R. 2000c. The origin and intrarelationships of Triassic capitosaurid amphibians. Palaeontology 43:705-727
54. Schoch, R. R. 2000d. The status and osteology of two new cyclotosaurid amphibians from the Upper Moenkopi Formation of Arizona (Amphibia: Temnospondyli; Middle Triassic). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen 216:387-411
55. Schoch, R. R., and A. R. Milner. 2000. Stereospondyli. Encyclopedia of Pa-leoherpetology, Part 3B. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München, 203 pp
56. Sennikov, A. G. 1981. A new wetlugasaur from the Samara River Basin. Paleontological Journal 1981:111-116
57. Shishkin, M. A. 1994. A Gondwanan rhytidosteid (Amphibia, Temnospondyli) from the Lower Triassic of southern Cisuralia. Paleontological Journal 28:127-143
58. Shishkin, M. A., and V. G. Ochev. 1994. Problems of global correlation of the Continental Triassic on the basis of tetrapods. Mémoires de Géologie (Lausanne) 22:121-125
59. Shishkin, M. A., B. S. Rubidge, and P. J. Hancox. 1995. Vertebrate biozonation of the Upper Beaufort Series of South Africa—a new look on correlation of the Triassic biotic events in Euramerica and southern Gondwana; pp. 39-41 in A. Sun and Y. Wang (eds.), Sixth Symposium on Mesozoic Terrestrial Ecosystems and Biota, Short Papers, 1995. China Ocean Press, Beijing
60. Shishkin, M. A., B. S. Rubidge, and J. W. Kitching. 1996. A new lydekkerinid (Amphibia, Temnospondyli) from the Lower Triassic of South Africa—implications for evolution of the early capitosauroid cranial pattern. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 351:1635-1659
61. Shishkin, M. A., and J. Welman. 1994. A new find of Trematosuchus (Amphibia, Temnospondyli) from the Cynognathus Zone of South Africa. Palaeontologia africana 31:39-49
62. Shubin, N. H., and H.-D. Sues. 1991. Biogeography of early Mesozoic continental tetrapods: patterns and implications. Paleobiology 17: 214-230
63. Warren, A. A. 1998. Laidleria uncovered: a redescription of Laidleria gracilis Kitching (1957), a temnospondyl from the Cynognathus Zone of South Africa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 122:167-185
64. Warren, A. A. 1999. Karoo tupilakosaurid: a relict from Gondwana. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Earth Sciences 89:145-160
65. Warren, A. A., and M. N. Hutchinson. 1988. A new capitosaurid amphibian from the Early Triassic of Queensland, and the ontogeny of the capitosaur skull. Palaeontology 31:857-876
66. Warren, A. A., and N. Schroeder. 1995. Changes in the capitosaur skull with growth: an extension of the growth series of Parotosuchus aliciae (Amphibia, Temnospondyli) with comments on the otic area of capitosaurs. Alcheringa 19:41-46
67. Watson, D. M. S. 1958. A new labyrinthodont (Paracyclotosaurus) from the Upper Trias of New South Wales. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology 3:233-263
68. Watson, D. M. S. 1962. The evolution of the labyrinthodonts. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B, 245:219-265
69. Welles, S. P., and J. W. Cosgriff. 1965. A revision of the labyrinthodont family Capitosauridae and a description of Parotosaurus peabodyi n. sp. from the Moenkopi Formation of Northern Arizona. University of California Publications in Geological Sciences 54:1-148
70. Yates, A. M., and A. A. Warren. 2000. The phylogeny of the ‘higher’ temnospondyls (Vertebrata: Choanata) and its implications for the monophyly and origins of the Stereospondyli. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 128:77-121
71. Zittel, K. A. von. 1887-1890. Handbuch der Paläontologie. Abteilung 1. Paläozoologie Band III. Vertebrata (Pisces, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves). Oldenbourg, Munich and Leipzig, 900 pp