The elements of platform leadership

IEEE Engineering Management Review

Volumn 31, Issue 1, 2003, Pages 8-15

  Cusumano, Michael A ^a   Gawer, Annabelle ^b  

^a MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^b INSEAD   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COMPUTER AIDED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING; COMPUTER HARDWARE; COMPUTER OPERATING SYSTEMS; ECONOMICS; MIDDLEWARE; PERSONAL COMPUTERS;

PLATFORM LEADERSHIP; PROGRAMMABLE DEVICES;

MOTIVATION;

EID: 0038267985     PISSN: 03608581     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/emr.2003.1201437     Document Type: Article

References (16)

1. D.B. Johnson, interview with authors, Nov. 11, 1997.
2. E. Harris, "Nokia Will Open Up Parts of Its Software," Wall Street Journal, Tuesday, Nov. 13, 2001, sec. B, p. 11
3. "DoCoMo, Nokia Form Link on Standards," Wall Street Journal, Thursday, Nov. 15, 2001, sec. A, p. 21.
4. B.S. Cadambi, interview with authors, Aug. 4, 1998. Emphasis added.
5. Platform leader Intel counts as complementors every company that has adopted the Windows-Intel platform for the PC and makes or sells PC hardware and peripherals (for example, Dell and Lexmark) as well as 5 million software developers who make applications (for example, Microsoft and Adobe) and networking or systems software (Microsoft, Red Hat and Netscape). NTT DoCoMo's complementors include every company that provides content to one of the 40,000 Web sites compatible with DoCoMo technology in Japan (for example, Nikkei News and Tokyo Wine News). Palm's complementors are the 145,000 external software-applications developers and 500 hardware developers (as of March 2001) that create add-on accessories: keyboards, voice recorders, digital cameras and GPS wireless-connection systems.
6. A. Gawer and M.A. Cusumano, "Platform Leadership: How Intel, Microsoft and Cisco Drive Industry Innovation" (Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2002). Our research consisted of approximately 80 interviews with Intel managers and engineers between 1997 and 2000, as well as interviews and analyses of publicly available materials on Intel and other companies.
7. D. Ryan, interview with the authors, Aug. 4, 1998.
8. Some references we found useful: M. Katz and C. Shapiro, "Product Introduction With Network Externalities," Journal of Industrial Economics 40 (March 1992): 55-83
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10. R. Langlois, "External Economies and Economic Progress: The Case of the Microcomputer Industry," Business History Review 66 (spring 1992): 1-50
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12. C. Shapiro and H. Varian, "Information Rules: A Strategic Guide to the Network Economy" (Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 1998)
13. J. Farrell and G. Saloner, "Installed Base and Compatibility: Innovation, Product Preannouncements and Predation," American Economic Review 76 (December 1986): 940-955
14. J. Farrell and C. Shapiro, "Dynamic Competition With Switching Costs," RAND Journal of Economics 29 (spring 1988): 123-137
15. J. Farrell, H.K. Monroe and G. Saloner, "The Vertical Organization of Industry: Systems Competition Versus Component Competition," Journal of Economics & Management Strategy 7 (summer 1998): 143-182
16. T. Bresnahan and S. Greenstein, "Technological Competition and the Structure of the Computer industry," Journal of Industrial Economics 47 (March 1999): 1-40.