Reading with central scotomas: What can we learn from simulation studies?

Visual Impairment Research

Volumn 1, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 165-173

  Fine, Elisabeth M ^a  

^a SCHEPENS EYE RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0038231097     PISSN: 1388235X     EISSN: 17445167     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1076/vimr.1.3.165.4440     Document Type: Article

References (18)

1. Elliott DB, Trukolo-Ilic M, Strong JG, Page R, Plotkin A, Bevers P. Demographic characteristics of the vision-disabled elderly. Invest Ophthalmol Visual Sci 1997; 38 (12): 2566 – 2575.
2. Crane HD, Kelly DH. Accurate simulation of visual scotomas in normal subjects. Appl Opt 1983; 22 (12): 1802 – 1806.
3. Crane HD, Steele CM. Generation-V dual-Purkinje-image eyetracker. Appl Opt 1985; 24 (4): 527 – 537.
4. Legge GE, Ross JA, Isenberg LM, LeMay JM. Psychophysics of reading. Clinical predictors of low- vision reading speed. Invest Ophthalmol Visual Sci 1992; 33 (3): 677 – 687.
5. Whittaker SG, Lovie-Kitchin J. Visual requirements for reading. Optom Vision Sci 1993; 70 (1): 54 – 65.
6. Fine EM, Rubin GS. The effects of simulated cataract on reading with normal vision and simulated central scotoma. Vision Res 1999;39:4274- 4285.
7. Cummings RW, Whittaker SG, Watson GR, Budd JM. Scanning characters and reading with a central scotoma. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1985; 62 (12): 833 – 843.
8. Rayner K, Bertera JH. Reading without a fovea. Science 1979; 206: 468 – 469.
9. Rayner K, Inhoff AW, Morrison RE, Slowiaczek ML, Bertera JH. Masking of foveal and parafoveal vision during eye fixations in reading. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 1981; 7 (1): 167 – 179.
10. Fine EM, Rubin GS. Reading with central field loss: number of letters masked is more important than the size of the mask in degrees. Vision Res 1999; 39: 747 – 756.
11. Farrell JE, Desmarais M. Equating character-identification performance across the visual field. J Opt Soc Am A 1990; 7 (1): 152 – 159.
12. Timberlake GT, Mainster MA, Peli E, Augliere RA, Essock EA, Arend LA. Reading with a macular scotoma. I. Retinal locus of scotoma and fixation area. Invest Ophthalmol Visual Sci 1986; 27: 1137 – 1147.
13. Fletcher DC, Schuchard RA, Livingstone CL, Crane WG, Hu SY. Scanning laser ophthalmoscope macular perimetry and applications for low vision rehabilitation clinicians. In: Colenbrander A, Fletcher DC, editors. Ophthalmology Clinics of North America: Low Vision and Vision Rehabilitation. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, Co., 1994; Vol. 7 (2), 257 – 265.
14. Guez J, Le Gargasson J, Rigaudiere R, O’Regan JK. Is there systematic location for the pseudo-fovea in patients with central scotoma? Vision Res 1993; 33 (9): 1271 – 1279.
15. Sunness JS, Applegate CA, Haselwood D, Rubin GS. Fixation patterns and reading rates in eyes with central scotomas from advanced atrophic age-related macular degeneration and Stargardt disease. Ophthalmology 1996; 103 (9): 1458 – 1466.
16. Rayner K, Well AD, Pollatsek A, Bertera JH. The availability of information to the right of fixation in reading. Percept Psychophys 1982; 31 (6): 537 – 550.
17. Balota DA, Pollatsek A, Rayner K. The interaction of contextual constraints and parafoveal visual information in reading. Cogn Psychol 1985; 17: 364 – 390.
18. Fine EM, Rubin GS. Reading with simulated scotomas: attending to the right is better than attending to the left. Vision Res 1999; 39: 1039 – 1048.