The labor force experience of women from 'Generation X'

Monthly Labor Review

Volumn 125, Issue 3, 2002, Pages 3-15

  DiNatale, Marisa ^a   Boraas, Stephanie ^a  

^a BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS   (United States)

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EID: 0038210467     PISSN: 00981818     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (20)

1. In this article, the term "market work" refers to jobs outside the home, whether paid or unpaid.
2. Most of the data in this chapter were derived from the Current Population Survey (CPS), a monthly sample survey of households conducted by the Bureau of the Census for the Bureau of Labor Statistics. For more information regarding the Current Population Survey, see Current Population Survey: Design and Methodology, Bureau of Labor Statistics Technical Paper 63, March 2000. Where the CPS did not provide complete information, other sources were used.
3. See Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2000 (Bureau of the Census, 2000), pp. 51-54; see also comparable tables in earlier editions.
4. Lugaila, Terry A., "Marital Status and Living Arrangements: March 1998 (Update)," Current Population Reports, Series P20-514 (Bureau of the Census, December 1998).
5. Data on work experience come from the March supplement to the CPS in which respondents are asked questions about their work experience in the prior year.
6. Full-time, year-round workers are those who worked at least 50 weeks out of the calendar year and worked full time (35 hours or more) for the majority of weeks that they worked.
7. See, for example, Helene J. Jorgensen, When Good Jobs Go Bad (Washington, DC, 2030 Center, 1999.)
8. See, for example, Anne E. Polivka, "Into contingent and alternative employment: by choice?" Monthly Labor Review, October 1996, pp. 55-74 and Marisa DiNatale, "Characteristics of and preference for alternative work arrangements, 1999" Monthly Labor Review, March 2001, pp. 47-49.
9. See, for example, Anne E. Polivka, "Into contingent and alternative employment: by choice?" Monthly Labor Review, October 1996, pp. 55-74 and Marisa DiNatale, "Characteristics of and preference for alternative work arrangements, 1999" Monthly Labor Review, March 2001, pp. 47-49.
10. Contingent and Alternative Employment Arrangements, February 2001, USDL 01-153, (U.S. Department of Labor) May 24, 2001.
11. The first supplement on Contingent and Alternative Work Arrangements was conducted in February 1995. Subsequent supplements were conducted in February of 1997, 1999, and 2001.
12. In the February 1995 and 1997 Contingent and Alternative Work Arrangements supplements to the CPS, 7.5 percent of employed young women were working in one of the four alternative arrangements. In February 1999 and in February 2001, the percentage edged down to 6.3 percent.
13. In the February 1999 supplement, full-time female temporary help agency workers age 16 and over earned a median weekly salary of $331 compared with $474 for women in traditional arrangements. Earnings data for workers with traditional arrangements were not collected in the February 2001 supplement.
14. The discussion that follows on workers with flexible schedules is limited to those who usually work full time, because altering the beginning and ending hours of work often is a requirement in part-time jobs.
15. See Lonnie Golden, "Flexible work schedules: what are we trading off to get them?" Monthly Labor Review, March 2001, pp. 52-53.
16. See Lori G. Kletzer and Robert W. Fairlie "The Long-Term Costs of Job Displacement for Young Adult Workers," unpublished manuscript, Department of Economics, University of California at Santa Cruz. See also Joyce P. Jacobsen and Laurence M. Levin, "Effects of intermittent labor force attachment on women's earnings," Monthly Labor Review, September 1995, pp. 14-19.
17. See Lori G. Kletzer and Robert W. Fairlie "The Long-Term Costs of Job Displacement for Young Adult Workers," unpublished manuscript, Department of Economics, University of California at Santa Cruz. See also Joyce P. Jacobsen and Laurence M. Levin, "Effects of intermittent labor force attachment on women's earnings," Monthly Labor Review, September 1995, pp. 14-19.
18. For information about how poverty is determined, see Poverty in the United States: 1999 - Current Population Report series P-60, no. 210 (U.S. Bureau of the Census, September 2000). For persons living with family members, the earnings thresholds used to define poverty status are defined in terms of total family income, including the earnings of other family members, as well as income from other sources. For persons living alone or with nonrelatives, the earnings thresholds are based solely on their personal income.
19. Data on health insurance and pension coverage are from a CPS supplement conducted in February 2001.
20. Note that others might have been offered health insurance by their employers, but declined coverage because they were covered by a spouse's policy or for other reasons.