Differences in antimicrobial activity of four commercial 0.12% chlorhexidine mouthrinse formulations: An in vitro contact test and salivary bacterial counts study

Journal of Clinical Periodontology

Volumn 30, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 307-314

  Herrera, David ^a   Roldán, Silvia ^a   Santacruz, Isabel ^a   Santos, Sagrario ^a   Masdevall, Mireia ^b   Sanz, Mariano ^a  

^a UNIVERSIDAD COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID   (Spain)

^b Dentaid   (Spain)

Author keywords

Alcohol; Cetylpyridinium chloride; Chlorhexidine; Contact test; Mouthrinses; Salivary bacteria

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOL; CETYLPYRIDINIUM SALT; CHLORHEXIDINE; FLUORIDE SODIUM; ANTICARIES AGENT; TOPICAL ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT;

AEROBIC CELL CULTURE; ANAEROBIC CELL CULTURE; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; ARTICLE; BACTERIAL COUNT; BACTERIAL SURVIVAL; BACTERIUM CULTURE; CALCULATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; IN VITRO STUDY; IN VIVO STUDY; INOCULATION; LACTOBACILLUS CASEI; MOUTH FLORA; MOUTHWASH; NONHUMAN; PEPTOSTREPTOCOCCUS; PEPTOSTREPTOCOCCUS MICROS; SALIVA ANALYSIS; STREPTOCOCCUS MITIS; ADULT; AEROBIC BACTERIUM; ANAEROBIC BACTERIUM; ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE; BACTERIUM; CLINICAL TRIAL; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CROSSOVER PROCEDURE; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG EFFECT; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; MICROBIOLOGY; MOUTH HYGIENE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SALIVA; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; STREPTOCOCCUS;

ADULT; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS, LOCAL; BACTERIA; BACTERIA, AEROBIC; BACTERIA, ANAEROBIC; CARIOSTATIC AGENTS; CETYLPYRIDINIUM; CHLORHEXIDINE; COLONY COUNT, MICROBIAL; CROSS-OVER STUDIES; DOUBLE-BLIND METHOD; DRUG RESISTANCE, BACTERIAL; ETHANOL; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HUMANS; LACTOBACILLUS CASEI; MATCHED-PAIR ANALYSIS; MOUTHWASHES; PEPTOSTREPTOCOCCUS; SALIVA; SODIUM FLUORIDE; STREPTOCOCCUS;

EID: 0038150160     PISSN: 03036979     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-051X.2003.00341.x     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Addy, M., Greenman, J., Renton-Harper, P., Newcombe, R. & Doherty, F. M. (1997) Studies on stannous fluoride toothpaste and gel. (2). Effects on salivary bacterial counts and plaque regrowth in vivo. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 24, 86-91.
2. Addy, M., Jenkins, S. & Newcombe, R. (1991) The effect of some chlorhexidine-containing mouthrinses on salivary bacterial counts. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 18, 90-93.
3. Addy, M. & Moran, J. (1997a) Evaluation of oral hygiene products: science is true; don't be misled by the facts. Periodontology 2000 15, 40-51.
4. Addy, M. & Moran, J. (1997b) Clinical indications for the use of chemical adjuncts to plaque control: chlorhexidine formulations. Periodontology 2000 15, 52-54.
5. Addy, M. & Renton-Harper, P. (1997) The role of antiseptic in secondary prevention. In: Proceedings of the 2nd European Workshop on Periodontology. Chemicals in Periodontics, eds. Lang, N. P., Karring, T. & Lindhe, J., pp 152-173. Berlin: Quintessence Books.
6. Arweiler, N. B., Netuschil, L. & Reich, E. (2001) Alcohol-free mouthrinse solutions to reduce supragingival plaque regrowth and vitality. A controlled clinical study. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 28, 168-174.
7. Bolanowski, S. J., Gescheider, G. A. & Sutton, S. V. (1995) Relationship between oral pain and ethanol concentration in mouthrinses. Journal of Periodontal Research 30, 192-197.
8. D'Arcangelo, C. & Varvara, G. (1998) A comparative in-vitro study of the bactericidal efficacy of sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine gluconate plus cetrimide on root canal anaerobic bacterial flora. Minerva Stomatologica 47, 381-386.
9. Eldridge, K. R., Finnie, S. F., Stephens, J. A., Mauad, A. M., Munoz, C. A. & Kettering, J. D. (1998) Efficacy of an alcohol-free chlorhexidine mouthrinse as an antimicrobial agent. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 80, 685-690.
10. Elmore, J. G. & Horwitz, R. I. (1995) Oral cancer and mouthwash use: evaluation of the epidemiologic evidence. Otolaryngology -Head and Neck Surgery 113, 253-261.
11. Elworthy, A., Greenman, J., Doherty, F. M., Newcombe, R. G. & Addy, M. (1996) The substantivity of a number of oral hygiene products determined by the duration of effects on salivary bacteria. Journal of Periodontology 67, 572-576.
12. Goldenheim, P. D. (1993) In vitro efficacy of povidone-iodine solution and cream against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Postgraduate Medical Journal 69 (Suppl 3), S62-S65.
13. Harper, P. R., Milsom, S., Wade, W., Addy, M., Moran, J. & Newcombe, R. G. (1995) An approach to efficacy screening of mouthrinses: studies on a group of French products (II). Inhibition of salivary bacteria and plaque in vivo. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 22, 723-727.
14. Jenkins, S., Addy, M. & Newcombe, R. (1990) The effect of triclosan, stannous fluoride and chlorhexidine products on: (II) salivary bacterial counts. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 17, 698-701.
15. Jenkins, S., Addy, M. & Newcombe, R. (1991) Triclosan and sodium lauryl sulphate mouthwashes (I). Effects on salivary bacterial counts. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 18, 140-144.
16. Jenkins, S., Addy, M., Wade, W. & Newcombe, R. G. (1994) The magnitude and duration of the effects of some mouthrinse products on salivary bacterial counts. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 21, 397-401.
17. Jones, C. G. (1997) Chlorhexidine: is it still the gold standard? Periodontology 2000 15, 55-62.
18. Mandel, I. D. (1994) Antimicrobial mouthrinses: overview and update. Journal of the American Dental Association 125 (Suppl 2), 2S-10S.
19. McDermid, A. S., McKee, A. S. & Marsh, P. D. (1987) A mixed-culture chemostat system to predict the effect of anti-microbial agents on the oral flora: preliminary studies using chlorhexidine. Journal of Dental Research 66, 1315-1320.
20. Moran, J., Addy, M. & Newcombe, R. (1988) The antibacterial effect of toothpastes on the salivary flora. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 15, 193-199.
21. Moran, J., Addy, M., Wade, W., Milson, S., McAndrew, R. & Newcombe, R. G. (1995) The effect of oxidising mouthrinses compared with chlorhexidine on salivary bacterial counts and plaque regrowth. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 22, 750-755.
22. Roberts, W. R. & Addy, M. (1981a) Comparison of in vitro and in vivo antibacterial properties of antiseptic mouth rinses containing chlorhexidine, alexidine, CPC and hexetidine. Relevance to mode of action. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 8, 295-310.
23. Roberts, W. R. & Addy, M. (1981b) Comparison of the bisbiguanide antiseptic alexidine and chlorhexidine. I. Effect on plaque accumulation and salivary bacteria. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 8, 213-219.
24. Schiött, C., Löe, H., Jensen, S. B., Kilian, M., Davies, K. M. & Glavind, K. (1970) The effect of chlorhexidine mouthrinse on the human oral flora. Journal of Periodontal Research 5, 84-89.
25. Shapiro, S., Castellana, J. V. & Sprafka, J. M. (1996) Alcohol-containing mouthwashes and oropharyngeal cancer: a spurious association due to underascertainment of confounders? American Journal of Epidemiology 144, 1091-1095.
26. Stanley, A., Wilson, M. & Newman, H. N. (1989) The in vitro effects of chlorhexidine on subgingival plaque bacteria. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 16, 259-264.
27. Vigeant, P., Loo, V. G., Bertrand, C., Dixon, C., Hollis, R., Pfaller, M. A., McLean, A. P., Briedis, D. J., Perl, T. M. & Robson, H. G. (1998) An outbreak of Serratia marcescens infections related to contaminated chlorhexidine. Infection Control and Hospitalary Epidemiology 19, 791-794.
28. Wade, W. G. & Addy, M. (1989) In vitro activity of a chlorhexidine-containing mouthwash against subgingival bacteria. Journal of Periodontology 60, 521-525.
29. Wilson, M., Bansal, G., Stanley, A. & Newman, H. N. (1990) Susceptibility of oral bacteria to phenoxyethanol and phenoxyethanol/ chlorhexidine combinations. Journal of Periodontology 61, 536-541.
30. Winn, D. M., Blot, W. J., McLaughlin, J. K., Austin, D. F., Greenberg, R. S., Preston-Martin, S., Schoenberg, J. B. & Fraumeni, J. F., Jr. (1991) Mouthwash use and oral conditions in the risk of oral and pharyngeal cancer. Cancer Research 51, 3044-3047.