Morphology of experimental assault rifle skin wounds

International Journal of Legal Medicine

Volumn 117, Issue 1, 2003, Pages 19-26

  Rainio, Juha ^a   Lalu, Kaisa ^a   Ranta, Helena ^a   Penttilä, Antti ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

Assault rifle; Autopsy; Gunshot wounds; Post mortem changes; Reconstruction

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ARMY; ARTICLE; ASSAULT; AUTOPSY; FINLAND; GUNSHOT INJURY; HUMAN; NONHUMAN; POLITICS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SKIN ABRASION; SKIN INJURY; VIOLENCE; YUGOSLAVIA (PRE-1992);

EID: 0038120935     PISSN: 09379827     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00414-002-0308-9     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Ranta H, Penttilä A (1999) Finnish forensic expert team in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In: Koskenniemi M (ed) The Finnish Yearbook of International Law. Kluwer Law International and Ius Gentium Association, The Hague, pp420-431
2. Rainio J, Lalu K, Ranta H, Penttilä A (2001) Radiology in forensic expert team operations. Legal Med 3:34-43
3. Rainio J, Lalu K, Ranta H, Takamaa K, Penttilä A (2001) Practical and legal aspects of forensic autopsy expert team operations. Legal Med 3:220-232
4. Rainio J, Lalu K, Penttilä A (2001) Independent forensic autopsies in an armed conflict - investigations of the victims from Racak, Kosovo. Forensic Sci Int 116:171-185
5. Rainio J, Hedman M, Karkola K, Lalu K, Peltola P, Ranta H, Sajantila A, Söderholm N, Penttilä A (2001) Forensic osteological investigations in Kosovo. Forensic Sci Int 121:166-173
6. Mäkitie I, Pesonen H, Tikka S, Hiekkalinna S (1995) Gunshot injuries in the Finnish defence forces during 1983-1993 (in Finnish with English abstract). Ann Med Mil Fenn 70:46-51
7. Leppäniemi A, Cederberg A, Tikka S (1996) Truncal gunshot wounds in Finland, 1985 to 1989. J Trauma [Suppl] 40:S217-S222
8. Tikka S, Böstman O, Marttinen E, Mäkitie I (1996) A retrospective analysis of 36 civilian gunshot fractures. J Trauma [Suppl] 40:S212-S216
9. Peric M, Hamel D, Rac S, Pirc-Tiljak D, Bekavac-Bešlin M, Turjak J, Laden-Raguz Z (1996) Civilian medicine and war: transformation of a health centre to a war hospital in Croatia (July 1991-October 1992). Injury 27:395-399
10. Schantz B (1979) Aspects on the choice of experimental animals when reproducing missile trauma. Acta Chir Scand [Suppl] 489:121-129
11. Callender GR, French RW (1935) Wound ballistics. Studies in the mechanism of wound production by rifle bullets. Mil Surg 77:177-201
12. Dziemian AJ, Mendelson JA, Lindsey D (1961) Comparison of the wounding characteristics of some commonly encountered bullets. J Trauma 1:341-353
13. DeMuth WE (1966) Bullet velocity and design as determinants of wounding capability: an experimental study. J Trauma 6: 222-232
14. Berlin R, Gelin LE, Janzon B, Lewis DH, Rybeck B, Sandegård J, Seeman T (1976) Local effects of assault rifle bullets in live tissues. Acta Chir Scand [Suppl] 459:1-84
15. Berlin R, Janzon B, Rybeck B, Sandegård J, Seeman T (1977) Local effects of assault rifle bullets in live tissues. Part II. Further studies in live tissues and relations to some simulant media. Acta Chir Scand [Suppl] 477:5-48
16. Albrecht M, Šcepanovic D, Ceramilac A, Milivojevic V, Berger S, Tasic G, Tatic V, Todoric DJ, Nanuševic N (1979) Experimental soft tissue wounds caused by standard military rifles. Acta Chir Scand [Suppl] 489:185-198
17. Fackler ML, Surinchak JS, Malinowski JA, Bowen RE (1984) Bullet fragmentation: a major cause of tissue disruption. J Trauma 24:35-39
18. Fackler ML, Surinchak JS, Malinowski JA, Bowen RE (1984) Wounding potential of the Russian AK-74 assault rifle. J Trauma 24:263-266
19. Šcepanovic D, Albrecht M, Erdeljan D, Milivojevic V, Petrovic M, Cuk V, Djuknic M (1988) Evaluation of the new type of military bullet and rifling. J Trauma 28 [Suppl]:68-72
20. Tikka SA (1989) Missile injury. Observations on the mechanism of trauma, and revision surgery of soft tissue gunshot wounds. Ann Med Mil Fenn 3a:65-173
21. Light FW (1963) Gunshot wounds of entrance and exit in experimental animals. J Trauma 3:120-128
22. Dixon DS (1980) Determination of direction of fire from graze gunshot wounds. J Forensic Sci 25:272-279
23. Dixon DS (1981) Characteristics of shored exit wounds. J Forensic Sci 26:691-698
24. Wang ZG, Feng JX, Liu YQ (1982) Pathomorphological observations of gunshot wounds. Acta Chir Scand [Suppl] 508: 185-195
25. Wang ZG, Qian CW, Zhan DC, Shi TZ, Tang CG (1982) Pathological changes of gunshot wounds at various intervals after wounding. Acta Chir Scand [Suppl] 508:197-210
26. Zhang D, Qian C, Liu Y, Shi T, Li D, Huang M (1988) Morphopathologic observations on high-velocity steel bullet wounds at various intervals after wounding. J Trauma 28: 98-104
27. Amato JJ, Rich NM, Billy LJ, Gruber RP, Lawson NS (1971) High-velocity arterial injury: a study of the mechanism of injury. J Trauma 11:412-416
28. Gerber AM, Moody RA (1972) Craniocerebral missile injuries in the monkey: an experimental physiological model. J Neurosurg 36:43-49
29. Crockard HA, Brown FD, Johns LM, Mullan S (1977) An experimental cerebral missile injury model in primates. J Neurosurg 46:776-783
30. Crockard HA, Brown FD, Calica AB, Johns LM, Mullan S (1977) Physiological consequences of experimental cerebral missile injury and use of data analysis to predict survival. J Neurosurg 46:784-794
31. Levett JM, Johns LM, Replogle RL, Mullan S (1980) Cardiovascular effects of experimental cerebral missile injury in primates. Surg Neurol 13:59-64
32. Carey ME, Sarna GS, Farrell JB, Happel LT (1989) Experimental missile wound to the brain. J Neurosurg 71:754-764
33. Allen IV, Scott R, Tanner JA (1982) Experimental high-velocity missile head injury. Injury 14:183-193
34. Finnie JW (1993) Pathology of experimental traumatic cranio-cerebral missile injury. J Comp Pathol 108:93-101
35. Karger B, Nüsse R, Schroeder G, Wüstenbecker S, Brinkmann B (1996) Backspatter from experimental close-range shots to the head. I. Macrobackspatter. Int J Legal Med 109:66-74
36. Karger B, Puskas Z, Ruwald B, Teige K, Schuirer G (1998) Morphological findings in the brain after experimental gunshots using radiology, pathology and histology. Int J Legal Med 111:314-319
37. Knudsen PJT, Svender J (1994) Doppler radar velocity measurements for wound ballistics experiments. Int J Legal Med 107:1-6
38. Danielsen L, Thomsen HK, Nielsen O, Aalund O, Nielsen KG, Karlsmark T, Genefke IK (1978) Electrical and thermal injuries in pig skin - evaluated and compared by light microscopy. Forensic Sci Int 12:211-225
39. Thomsen HK, Danielsen L, Nielsen O, Aalund O, Nielsen KG, Karlsmark T, Genefke IK (1981) Early epidermal changes in heat and electrically injured pig skin. I. A light microscopic study. Forensic Sci Int 17:133-143
40. Karlsmark T, Danielsen L, Thomsen HK, Aalund O, Nielsen O, Nielsen KG, Johnson E, Genefke IK (1983) Tracing the use of torture: electrically induced calcification of collagen in pig skin. Nature 301:75-78
41. Takamiya M, Saigusa K, Nakayashiki N, Aoki Y (2001) A histological study on the mechanism of epidermal nuclear elongation in electrical and burn injuries. Int J Legal Med 115: 152-157
42. Ohshima T (2000) Forensic wound examination. Forensic Sci Int 113:153-164
43. Finck PA (1965) Ballistic and forensic pathologic aspects of missile wounds. Conversion between Anglo-American and metric-system units. Mil Med 130:545-569
44. Knudsen PJT, Theilade P (1993) Terminal ballistics of the 7.62 mm NATO bullet. Int J Legal Med 106:61-67
45. Asamura H, Takayanagi K, Chunyan L, Ota M, Fukushima H (1999) The judgement of a gunshot wound with severe post-mortem changes. Legal Med 1:185-187
46. Di Maio VJM (1985) Gunshot wounds. Practical aspects of firearms, ballistics, and forensic techniques. Elsevier, New York Amsterdam London
47. Shuman M, Wright RK (1999) Evaluation of clinician accuracy in describing gunshot wound injuries. J Forensic Sci 44:339-342
48. Spitz WU, Fisher RS (1973) Medicolegal investigation of death. Charles C Thomas, Springfield, Illinois
49. Marty W, Sigrist T, Wyler D (2002) Determination of firing distance using the rhodizonate staining technique. Int J Legal Med 116:1-4
50. Mant AK (ed) (1984) Taylor's principles and practice of medical jurisprudence, 13th edn. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh
51. Polson CJ, Gee DJ, Knight B (1985) The essentials of forensic medicine, 4th edn. Pergamon Press, Oxford
52. Knight B (1991) Forensic pathology. Edward Arnold, London
53. Aguilar JC (1983) Shored gunshot wound of exit. A phenomenon with identity crisis. Am J Forensic Med Pathol 4:199-204
54. Fackler ML (1988) Wound ballistics. A review of common misconceptions. JAMA 259:2730-2736
55. Hollerman JJ, Fackler ML, Coldwell DM, Ben-Menachem Y (1990) Gunshot wounds: 1. Bullets, ballistics, and mechanisms of injury. AJR Am J Roentgenol 155:685-690
56. Barach E, Tomlanovich M, Nowak R (1986) Ballistics: a pathophysiologic examination of the wounding mechanisms of firearms: part I. J Trauma 26:225-235
57. Fackler ML, Malinowski JA (1985) The wound profile: a visual method for quantifying gunshot wound components. J Trauma 25:522-529
58. Barach E, Tomlanovich M, Nowak R (1986) Ballistics: a pathophysiologic examination of the wounding mechanisms of firearms: part II. J Trauma 26:374-383
59. Druid H, Ward ME (2000) Incomplete shored exit wounds. A report of three cases. Am J Forensic Med Pathol 21:220-224
60. Bartell TH, Mustoe TA (1989) Animal models of human tissue expansion. Plast Reconstr Surg 83:681-686
61. Sellier KG, Kneubuehl BP (1994) Wound ballistics and the scientific background. Elsevier, Amsterdam