메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 9, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 327-334

Pathophysiology and management of neurocardiogenic syncope

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADENOSINE RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; ALPHA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; ATENOLOL; ATROPINE; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CHOLINERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; DISOPYRAMIDE; ETILEFRINE; FLUDROCORTISONE ACETATE; FLUOXETINE; GLYCERYL TRINITRATE; ISOPRENALINE; METHYLXANTHINE DERIVATIVE; MIDODRINE; MINERALOCORTICOID; PAROXETINE; PINDOLOL; PLACEBO; PROPANTHELINE BROMIDE; SCOPOLAMINE; SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITOR; SERTRALINE; THEOPHYLLINE; TRANQUILIZER; VASODILATOR AGENT;

EID: 0038079386     PISSN: 10880224     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (22)

References (50)
  • 1
    • 0021864111 scopus 로고
    • Epidemiologic features of isolated syncope: The Framingham Study
    • Savage DD, Corwin L, McGee DL, Kannel WB, Wolf PA. Epidemiologic features of isolated syncope: The Framingham Study. Stroke. 1985;16:626-629.
    • (1985) Stroke , vol.16 , pp. 626-629
    • Savage, D.D.1    Corwin, L.2    McGee, D.L.3    Kannel, W.B.4    Wolf, P.A.5
  • 2
    • 0020530694 scopus 로고
    • A prospective evaluation and follow-up of patients with syncope
    • Kapoor WN, Karpf M, Wieland S, et al. A prospective evaluation and follow-up of patients with syncope. N Engl J Med. 1983;309:197-204.
    • (1983) N Engl J Med , vol.309 , pp. 197-204
    • Kapoor, W.N.1    Karpf, M.2    Wieland, S.3
  • 3
    • 0027409860 scopus 로고
    • Neurocardiogenic syncope
    • Abboud F. Neurocardiogenic syncope. N Engl J Med. 1993;328:1117-1120.
    • (1993) N Engl J Med , vol.328 , pp. 1117-1120
    • Abboud, F.1
  • 4
    • 0027386091 scopus 로고
    • Neural control and vasovagal syncope mechanisms
    • Rea R, Thomas MD. Neural control and vasovagal syncope mechanisms. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 1993;4:587-595.
    • (1993) J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol , vol.4 , pp. 587-595
    • Rea, R.1    Thomas, M.D.2
  • 5
    • 0032573028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac autonomic patterns preceding occasional vasovagal reactions in healthy humans
    • Furlan RR, Piazza S, Dell'Orto S, et al. Cardiac autonomic patterns preceding occasional vasovagal reactions in healthy humans. Circulation. 1998;98:1756-1761.
    • (1998) Circulation , vol.98 , pp. 1756-1761
    • Furlan, R.R.1    Piazza, S.2    Dell'Orto, S.3
  • 7
    • 0018400827 scopus 로고
    • Role of cardiac vagal C-fibers in cardiovascular control
    • Thoren P. Role of cardiac vagal C-fibers in cardiovascular control. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol. 1979;86:1-94.
    • (1979) Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol , vol.86 , pp. 1-94
    • Thoren, P.1
  • 8
    • 0020662475 scopus 로고
    • The Bezold-Jarisch reflex revisited: Clinical implications of inhibitory reflexes originating in the heart
    • Mark A. The Bezold-Jarisch reflex revisited: Clinical implications of inhibitory reflexes originating in the heart. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1983; 1: 90-102.
    • (1983) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.1 , pp. 90-102
    • Mark, A.1
  • 9
    • 0029335223 scopus 로고
    • Anxiety: Its manifestation and role in the dental patient
    • Boorin MR. Anxiety: Its manifestation and role in the dental patient. Dent Clin North Am. 1995;39:523-539.
    • (1995) Dent Clin North Am , vol.39 , pp. 523-539
    • Boorin, M.R.1
  • 10
    • 0029126836 scopus 로고
    • The relationship between neurally mediated hypotension and the chronic fatigue syndrome
    • Bou-Holaigah I, Rowe PC, Kan J, Calkins H. The relationship between neurally mediated hypotension and the chronic fatigue syndrome. JAMA. 1995;274:961-967.
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.274 , pp. 961-967
    • Bou-Holaigah, I.1    Rowe, P.C.2    Kan, J.3    Calkins, H.4
  • 11
    • 0024347398 scopus 로고
    • Cardiac asystole: A manifestation of neurally mediated hypotension-bradycardia
    • Milstein S, Buetikofer J, Lesser J, et al. Cardiac asystole: A manifestation of neurally mediated hypotension-bradycardia. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1989;14:1626-1632.
    • (1989) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.14 , pp. 1626-1632
    • Milstein, S.1    Buetikofer, J.2    Lesser, J.3
  • 12
    • 0026644022 scopus 로고
    • Prolonged cardiac arrest and complete AV block during upright tilt test in young patients with syncope of unknown origin: Prognostic and therapeutic implications
    • Folino AF, Buja GF, Martini B, Miorelli M, Nava A. Prolonged cardiac arrest and complete AV block during upright tilt test in young patients with syncope of unknown origin: Prognostic and therapeutic implications. Eur Heart J. 1992;13:1416-1421.
    • (1992) Eur Heart J , vol.13 , pp. 1416-1421
    • Folino, A.F.1    Buja, G.F.2    Martini, B.3    Miorelli, M.4    Nava, A.5
  • 13
    • 0026045422 scopus 로고
    • Differentiation of convulsive syncope and epilepsy with head up tilt testing
    • Grubb BP, Gerard G, Roush K, et al. Differentiation of convulsive syncope and epilepsy with head up tilt testing. Ann Intern Med. 1991;115:871-876.
    • (1991) Ann Intern Med , vol.115 , pp. 871-876
    • Grubb, B.P.1    Gerard, G.2    Roush, K.3
  • 14
    • 0037642972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term follow up in patients with a malignant head up tilt table test study (asystole > 5 seconds)
    • Pennington J, Kantharia B, Zado E, et al. Long-term follow up in patients with a malignant head up tilt table test study (asystole > 5 seconds). Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss. 1998;91:11-13.
    • (1998) Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss , vol.91 , pp. 11-13
    • Pennington, J.1    Kantharia, B.2    Zado, E.3
  • 15
    • 0037167660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current evaluation and management of syncope
    • Kapoor WN. Current evaluation and management of syncope. Circulation. 2002;106:1606-1609.
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.106 , pp. 1606-1609
    • Kapoor, W.N.1
  • 16
    • 0032737680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using a tilt table to evaluate syncope
    • Kapoor WN. Using a tilt table to evaluate syncope. Am J Med Sci. 1999;317:110-116.
    • (1999) Am J Med Sci , vol.317 , pp. 110-116
    • Kapoor, W.N.1
  • 17
    • 0032704894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indications, methodology and classification of results of tilt-table testing
    • Sutton R, Bloomfield DM. Indications, methodology and classification of results of tilt-table testing. Am J Cardiol. 1999;84: 10-19.
    • (1999) Am J Cardiol , vol.984 , pp. 10-19
    • Sutton, R.1    Bloomfield, D.M.2
  • 18
    • 0024512921 scopus 로고
    • Provocation of bradycardia and hypotension by isoproterenol and upright posture in patients with unexplained syncope
    • Almquist A, Goldenberg IF, Milstein S, et al. Provocation of bradycardia and hypotension by isoproterenol and upright posture in patients with unexplained syncope. N Engl J Med. 189;320:346-351.
    • (1989) N Engl J Med , vol.320 , pp. 346-351
    • Almquist, A.1    Goldenberg, I.F.2    Milstein, S.3
  • 19
    • 0028265289 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of the diagnostic value of head-up tilt testing in the evaluation of syncope in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
    • Sneddon JF, Slade A, Seo H, Camm AJ, McKenna WJ. Assessment of the diagnostic value of head-up tilt testing in the evaluation of syncope in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol. 1994;73:601-604.
    • (1994) Am J Cardiol , vol.73 , pp. 601-604
    • Sneddon, J.F.1    Slade, A.2    Seo, H.3    Camm, A.J.4    McKenna, W.J.5
  • 20
    • 0033558689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Utility of a single-stage isoproterenol tilt table test in adults: A randomized comparison with passive head-up tilt
    • Shen WK, Jahangir A, Beinborn D, et al. Utility of a single-stage isoproterenol tilt table test in adults: A randomized comparison with passive head-up tilt. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1999;33:985-990.
    • (1999) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.33 , pp. 985-990
    • Shen, W.K.1    Jahangir, A.2    Beinborn, D.3
  • 21
    • 0032905854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Value of sublingual isosorbide dinitrate before isoproterenol tilt test for diagnosis of neurally mediated syncope
    • Zeng C, Zhu Z, Hu W, et al. Value of sublingual isosorbide dinitrate before isoproterenol tilt test for diagnosis of neurally mediated syncope. Am J Cardiol. 1999;83:1059-1063.
    • (1999) Am J Cardiol , vol.83 , pp. 1059-1063
    • Zeng, C.1    Zhu, Z.2    Hu, W.3
  • 22
    • 0033574213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of neurally mediated syncope with adenosine
    • Mittal S, Stein KM, Markowitz SM, et al. Induction of neurally mediated syncope with adenosine. Circulation. 1999;99:1318-1324.
    • (1999) Circulation , vol.99 , pp. 1318-1324
    • Mittal, S.1    Stein, K.M.2    Markowitz, S.M.3
  • 23
    • 0032732965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Usefulness of a tilt training program for the prevention of refractory neurocardiogenic syncope in adolescents: A controlled study
    • Di Girolamo E, Di Iorio C, Leonzio L, Sabatini P, Barsotti A. Usefulness of a tilt training program for the prevention of refractory neurocardiogenic syncope in adolescents: A controlled study. Circulation. 1999;100:1798-1801.
    • (1999) Circulation , vol.100 , pp. 1798-1801
    • Di Girolamo, E.1    Di Iorio, C.2    Leonzio, L.3    Sabatini, P.4    Barsotti, A.5
  • 24
    • 0027451721 scopus 로고
    • A placebo-controlled trial of intravenous and oral disopyramide for prevention of neurally mediated syncope induced by head-up tilt
    • Morillo CA, Leitch JW, Yee R, Klein GJ. A placebo-controlled trial of intravenous and oral disopyramide for prevention of neurally mediated syncope induced by head-up tilt. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1993;22:1843-1848.
    • (1993) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.22 , pp. 1843-1848
    • Morillo, C.A.1    Leitch, J.W.2    Yee, R.3    Klein, G.J.4
  • 25
    • 0028859193 scopus 로고
    • Limitations of head-up tilt test for evaluating the efficacy of therapeutic interventions in patients with vasovagal syncope: Results of a controlled study of etilefrine versus placebo
    • Moya A, Permanyer-Miralda G, Sagrista-Sauleda J, et al. Limitations of head-up tilt test for evaluating the efficacy of therapeutic interventions in patients with vasovagal syncope: Results of a controlled study of etilefrine versus placebo. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1995;25:65-69.
    • (1995) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.25 , pp. 65-69
    • Moya, A.1    Permanyer-Miralda, G.2    Sagrista-Sauleda, J.3
  • 27
    • 0037980977 scopus 로고
    • Management of orthostatic hypotension
    • In: Schatz IJ, ed.; Philadelphia, PA: FA Davis
    • Schatz IJ. Management of orthostatic hypotension. In: Schatz IJ, ed. Orthostatic Hypotension. Philadelphia, PA: FA Davis; 1986:98.
    • (1986) Orthostatic Hypotension , pp. 98
    • Schatz, I.J.1
  • 28
    • 0028801251 scopus 로고
    • Acute and long-term beta-adrenergic blockade for patients with neurocardiogenic syncope
    • Cox MM, Perlman BA, Mayor MR, et al. Acute and long-term beta-adrenergic blockade for patients with neurocardiogenic syncope. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1995;26:1293-1298.
    • (1995) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.26 , pp. 1293-1298
    • Cox, M.M.1    Perlman, B.A.2    Mayor, M.R.3
  • 29
    • 0031000950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Malignant vasovagal syncope: A randomized trial of metoprolol and clonidine
    • Biffi M, Boriani G, Sabbatini P, et al. Malignant vasovagal syncope: A randomized trial of metoprolol and clonidine. Heart. 1997;77:268-272.
    • (1997) Heart , vol.77 , pp. 268-272
    • Biffi, M.1    Boriani, G.2    Sabbatini, P.3
  • 30
    • 0026236526 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of beta-adrenergic blockade therapy in vasovagal syncope reproduced by head-up tilt test
    • Blanc JJ, Corbel C, Maqnsourati J, Genet L. Evaluation of beta-adrenergic blockade therapy in vasovagal syncope reproduced by head-up tilt test. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss. 1991;84:1453-1457.
    • (1991) Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss , vol.84 , pp. 1453-1457
    • Blanc, J.J.1    Corbel, C.2    Maqnsourati, J.3    Genet, L.4
  • 31
    • 0026527257 scopus 로고
    • Use of intravenous esmolol to predict efficacy of oral beta blocker therapy in patients with neurocardiogenic syncope
    • Sra JS, Murphy VS, Jazayeri MR, et al. Use of intravenous esmolol to predict efficacy of oral beta blocker therapy in patients with neurocardiogenic syncope. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1992;19:402-408.
    • (1992) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.19 , pp. 402-408
    • Sra, J.S.1    Murphy, V.S.2    Jazayeri, M.R.3
  • 32
    • 0028856182 scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of pindolol for treatment of vasovagal syncope
    • Cohen MB, Snow JS, Grasso V, et al. Efficacy of pindolol for treatment of vasovagal syncope. Am J Cardiol. 1995;130:786-790.
    • (1995) Am J Cardiol , vol.130 , pp. 786-790
    • Cohen, M.B.1    Snow, J.S.2    Grasso, V.3
  • 33
    • 0030939955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical efficacy of propantheline bromide in neurocardiogenic syncope: Pharmacodynamic implications
    • Yu SC, Sung RJ. Clinical efficacy of propantheline bromide in neurocardiogenic syncope: Pharmacodynamic implications. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 1997;10:687-692.
    • (1997) Cardiovasc Drugs Ther , vol.10 , pp. 687-692
    • Yu, S.C.1    Sung, R.J.2
  • 34
    • 0028902332 scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiologic aspects of neurocardiogenic syncope: Current concepts and new perspectives
    • Kosinski D, Grubb BP, Temesy-Armos P. Pathophysiologic aspects of neurocardiogenic syncope: Current concepts and new perspectives. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1995;18:716-724.
    • (1995) Pacing Clin Electrophysiol , vol.18 , pp. 716-724
    • Kosinski, D.1    Grubb, B.P.2    Temesy-Armos, P.3
  • 35
    • 0028865913 scopus 로고
    • Neurally mediated syncope and serotonin reuptake inhibitors
    • Samoil A, Grubb BP. Neurally mediated syncope and serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Clin Auton Res. 1995;5:251-255.
    • (1995) Clin Auton Res , vol.5 , pp. 251-255
    • Samoil, A.1    Grubb, B.P.2
  • 36
    • 0033742306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SSRIs for vasodepressor syncope?
    • Grubb BP. SSRIs for vasodepressor syncope? Postgrad Med. 2000;108:29-32.
    • (2000) Postgrad Med , vol.108 , pp. 29-32
    • Grubb, B.P.1
  • 37
    • 0028030927 scopus 로고
    • The use of sertraline hydrochloride in the treatment of refractory neurocardiogenic syncope in children and adolescents
    • Grubb BP, Samoil D, Kosinski D, Kip K, Brewster P. The use of sertraline hydrochloride in the treatment of refractory neurocardiogenic syncope in children and adolescents. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1994;24:490-494.
    • (1994) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.24 , pp. 490-494
    • Grubb, B.P.1    Samoil, D.2    Kosinski, D.3    Kip, K.4    Brewster, P.5
  • 38
    • 0027286284 scopus 로고
    • Usefulness of fluoxetine hydrochloride in the treatment of resistant upright tilt-induced syncope
    • Grubb BP, Wolfe DA, Samoil D, et al. Usefulness of fluoxetine hydrochloride in the treatment of resistant upright tilt-induced syncope. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1993;16:458-464.
    • (1993) Pacing Clin Electrophysiol , vol.16 , pp. 458-464
    • Grubb, B.P.1    Wolfe, D.A.2    Samoil, D.3
  • 39
    • 0033117026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of paroxetine hydrochloride, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, on refractory vasovagal syncope: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
    • Di Girolamo E, Di Lorio C, Sabatini P, et al. Effects of paroxetine hydrochloride, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, on refractory vasovagal syncope: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1999;33:1227-1230.
    • (1999) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.33 , pp. 1227-1230
    • Di Girolamo, E.1    Di Lorio, C.2    Sabatini, P.3
  • 40
    • 0026354450 scopus 로고
    • The autonomic and hemodynamic effects of oral theophylline in patients with vasodepressor syncope
    • Nelson SD, Stanley M, Love CJ, Coyne KS, Schaal SF. The autonomic and hemodynamic effects of oral theophylline in patients with vasodepressor syncope. Arch Intern Med. 1991;151:2425-2429.
    • (1991) Arch Intern Med , vol.151 , pp. 2425-2429
    • Nelson, S.D.1    Stanley, M.2    Love, C.J.3    Coyne, K.S.4    Schaal, S.F.5
  • 41
    • 0033596933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of etilefrine in preventing syncopal recurrence in patients with vasovagal syncope: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial - The Vasovagal Syncope International Study
    • Raviele A, Brignole M, Sutton R, et al. Effect of etilefrine in preventing syncopal recurrence in patients with vasovagal syncope: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial - The Vasovagal Syncope International Study. Circulation. 1999;99:1452-1457.
    • (1999) Circulation , vol.99 , pp. 1452-1457
    • Raviele, A.1    Brignole, M.2    Sutton, R.3
  • 42
    • 0031958883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Midodrine: A role in the management of neurocardiogenic syncope
    • Ward CR, Gray JC, Gilroy JJ, Kenny RA. Midodrine: A role in the management of neurocardiogenic syncope. Heart. 1998;79:45-49.
    • (1998) Heart , vol.79 , pp. 45-49
    • Ward, C.R.1    Gray, J.C.2    Gilroy, J.J.3    Kenny, R.A.4
  • 43
    • 0032518850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of dual-chamber pacing with automatic rate-drop sensing on recurrent neurally medicated syncope
    • Sheldon R, Koshman ML, Wilson W, Kieser T, Rose S. Effect of dual-chamber pacing with automatic rate-drop sensing on recurrent neurally medicated syncope. Am J Cardiol. 1998;81:158-162.
    • (1998) Am J Cardiol , vol.81 , pp. 158-162
    • Sheldon, R.1    Koshman, M.L.2    Wilson, W.3    Kieser, T.4    Rose, S.5
  • 44
    • 0031725060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DDD pacing with rate drop response function versus DDI with rate hysteresis pacing for cardioinhibitory vasovagal syncope
    • Ammirati F, Colivicchi F, Toscano S, et al. DDD pacing with rate drop response function versus DDI with rate hysteresis pacing for cardioinhibitory vasovagal syncope. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1998;21:2178-2181.
    • (1998) Pacing Clin Electrophysiol , vol.21 , pp. 2178-2181
    • Ammirati, F.1    Colivicchi, F.2    Toscano, S.3
  • 45
    • 0032947494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The North American Vasovagal Pacemaker Study (VPS): A randomized trial of permanent cardiac pacing for the prevention of vasovagal syncope
    • Connolly SJ, Sheldon R, Roberts RS, Gent M. The North American Vasovagal Pacemaker Study (VPS): A randomized trial of permanent cardiac pacing for the prevention of vasovagal syncope. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1999;33:16-20.
    • (1999) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.33 , pp. 16-20
    • Connolly, S.J.1    Sheldon, R.2    Roberts, R.S.3    Gent, M.4
  • 46
    • 17944400731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical experience with Thera DR rate-drop response pacing algorithm in carotid sinus syndrome and vasovagal syncope. The International Rate-Drop Investigators Group
    • Benditt DG, Sutton R, Gammage MD, et al. Clinical experience with Thera DR rate-drop response pacing algorithm in carotid sinus syndrome and vasovagal syncope. The International Rate-Drop Investigators Group. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1997;20:832-839.
    • (1997) Pacing Clin Electrophysiol , vol.20 , pp. 832-839
    • Benditt, D.G.1    Sutton, R.2    Gammage, M.D.3
  • 47
    • 0028347228 scopus 로고
    • Permanent pacing for cardioinhibitory malignant vasovagal syndrome
    • Petersen ME, Chamberlain-Webber R, Fitzpatrick AP, et al. Permanent pacing for cardioinhibitory malignant vasovagal syndrome. Br Heart J. 1994;71:274-281.
    • (1994) Br Heart J , vol.71 , pp. 274-281
    • Petersen, M.E.1    Chamberlain-Webber, R.2    Fitzpatrick, A.P.3
  • 48
    • 0034682653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dual-chamber pacing in the treatment of neurally mediated tilt-positive cardioinhibitory syncope: Pacemaker versus no therapy: A multicenter randomized study. The Vasovagal Syncope International Study (VASIS) Investigators
    • Sutton R, Brignole M, Menozzi C, et al. Dual-chamber pacing in the treatment of neurally mediated tilt-positive cardioinhibitory syncope: Pacemaker versus no therapy: A multicenter randomized study. The Vasovagal Syncope International Study (VASIS) Investigators. Circulation. 2000;102:294-299.
    • (2000) Circulation , vol.102 , pp. 294-299
    • Sutton, R.1    Brignole, M.2    Menozzi, C.3
  • 49
    • 0035800092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Permanent cardiac pacing versus medical treatment for the prevention of recurrent vasovagal syncope: A multicenter, randomized, controlled trial
    • Ammirati F, Colivicchi F, Santini M. Permanent cardiac pacing versus medical treatment for the prevention of recurrent vasovagal syncope: A multicenter, randomized, controlled trial. Circulation. 2001;104:52-57.
    • (2001) Circulation , vol.104 , pp. 52-57
    • Ammirati, F.1    Colivicchi, F.2    Santini, M.3
  • 50
    • 0037032209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac pacemakers and antiarrhythmia devices
    • Gregoratos G, Abrams J, Epstein AE, et al. Cardiac pacemakers and antiarrhythmia devices. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002;40:1703-1719.
    • (2002) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.40 , pp. 1703-1719
    • Gregoratos, G.1    Abrams, J.2    Epstein, A.E.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.