A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome

New England Journal of Medicine

Volumn 348, Issue 20, 2003, Pages 1953-1966

  Ksiazek, Thomas G ^a   Erdman, Dean ^a   Goldsmith, Cynthia S ^a   Zaki, Sherif R ^a   Peret, Teresa ^a   Emery, Shannon ^a   Tong, Suxiang ^a   Urbani, Carlo ^d   Comer, James A ^a   Lim, Wilina ^e   Rollin, Pierre E ^a   Dowell, Scott F ^f   Ling, Ai Ee ^g   Humphrey, Charles D ^a   Shieh, Wun Ju ^a   Guarner, Jeannette ^a   Paddock, Christopher D ^a   Roca, Paul ^a   Fields, Barry ^a   DeRisi, Joseph ^h   Yang, Jyh Yuan ⁱ   Cox, Nancy ^b   Hughes, James M ^a   LeDuc, James W ^c   Bellini, William J ^a   Anderson, Larry J ^a   more..

^a NATL CENTER FOR INFECTIOUS DISEASES   (United States)

^b NATIONAL CENTER FOR IMMUNIZATION AND RESPIRATORY DISEASES   (United States)

^c CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION   (United States)

^d WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION   (Switzerland)

^e QUEEN MARY HOSPITAL   (Hong Kong)

^f Thailand MOPH Collaboration   (Thailand)

^g SINGAPORE GENERAL HOSPITAL   (Singapore)

^h UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

ⁱ CENTER FOR DISEASE CONTROL   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

VIRUS RNA;

ADULT; ARTICLE; CELL ULTRASTRUCTURE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CORONAVIRUS; CYTOPATHOLOGY; ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; ENZYME LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY; EPIDEMIC; FEMALE; GENE AMPLIFICATION; GENE SEQUENCE; GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION; HISTOPATHOLOGY; HUMAN; IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; INOCULATION; MALE; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; OPEN READING FRAME; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; SEQUENCE ANALYSIS; SEROLOGY; SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; THROAT CULTURE; UNITED STATES; VERO CELL; VIRUS GENE; VIRUS ISOLATION; VIRUS PNEUMONIA;

ADULT; ANIMALS; BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE FLUID; CELL LINE; DISEASE OUTBREAKS; FEMALE; HUMANS; LUNG; MALE; MICROSCOPY, ELECTRON; MIDDLE AGED; OROPHARYNX; PHYLOGENY; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; RNA, VIRAL; SARS VIRUS; SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME;

EID: 0038076030     PISSN: 00284793     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa030781     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Acute respiratory syndrome in China - update 3: disease outbreak reported. Geneva: World Health Organization, February 2003.
2. Update: outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome - worldwide, 2003. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2003;52:241-8.
3. Tsang KW, Ho PL, Ooi GC, et al. A cluster of cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong. N Engl J Med 2003; 348:1975-83.
4. Lee N, Hui D, Wu A, et al. A major out-break of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong. N Engl J Med 2003;348:1984-92.
5. Poutanen SM, Low DE, Henry B, et al. Identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Canada. N Engl J Med 2003; 348:1993-2003.
6. Wulff H, Lange JV. Indirect immunofluorescence for the diagnosis of Lassa fever infection. Bull World Health Organization 1975;52:429-36.
7. Ksiazek TG, West CP, Rollin PE, Jahrling PB, Peters CJ. ELISA for the detection of antibodies to Ebola viruses. J Infect Dis 1999;179:Suppl 1:S192-S198.
8. Zaki S, Greer PW, Coffield LM, et al. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome: pathogenesis of an emerging infectious disease. Am J Pathol 1995;146:552-79.
9. Falsey AR, Erdman D, Anderson LJ, Walsh EE. Human metapneumovirus infections in young and elderly adults. J Infect Dis 2003;87:785-90.
10. Wang D, Coscoy L, Zylberberg M, et al. Microarray-based detection and genotyping of viral pathogens. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2002;99:15687-92.
11. Bohlander SK, Espinosa R III, Le Beau MM, Rowley JD, Diaz MO. A method for the rapid sequence-independent amplification of microdissected chromosomal material. Genomics 1992;13:1322-4.
12. Thompson JD, Higgins DG, Gibson TJ. CLUSTAL W: improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice. Nucleic Acids Res 1994;22:4673-80.
13. Swofford DL. PAUP 4.0: phylogenetic analysis using parsimony (and other methods). Sunderland, Mass.: Sinauer, 1999.
14. Becker WB, McIntosh K, Dees JH, Chanock RM. Morphogenesis of avian infectious bronchitis virus and a related human virus (strain 229E). J Virol 1967;1:1019-27.
15. Oshiro LS, Schieble JH, Lennette EH. Electron microscopic studies of coronavirus. J Gen Virol 1971;12:161-8.
16. Jonassen CM, Jonassen TO, Grinde B. A common RNA motif in the 3′ end of the genomes of astroviruses, avian infectious bronchitis virus and an equine rhinovirus. J Gen Virol 1998;79:715-8.
17. Smolinski MS, Hamburg MA, Lederberg J, eds. Microbial threats to health: emergence, detection, and response. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press, 2003.
18. McIntosh K, Kapikian AZ, Hardison KA, Hartley JW, Chanock RM. Antigenic relationships among the coronaviruses of man and between human and animal coronaviruses. J Immunol 1969;102:1109-18.
19. Bradburne AF. Antigenic relationships amongst coronaviruses. Arch Gesamte Virusforsch 1970;31:352-64.
20. Bradburne AF, Somerset BA. Coronavirus antibody titres in sera of healthy adults and experimentally infected volunteers. J Hyg (Lond) 1972;70:235-44.
21. Hazelton PR, Gelderblom HR. Electron microscopy for rapid diagnosis of infectious agents in emergent situations. Emerg Infect Dis 2003;9:294-303.
22. Johnson KM, Lange JV, Webb PA, Murphy FA. Isolation and partial characterisation of a new virus causing acute haemorrhagic fever in Zaire. Lancet 1977;1:569-71.
23. Chua KB, Bellini WJ, Pota PA, et al. Nipah virus: a recently emergent deadly paramyxovirus. Science 2000;288:1432-5.
24. Murray K, Selleck P, Hooper P, et al. A morbillivirus that caused fatal disease in horses and humans. Science 1995;268:94-7.
25. Hofmann M, Wyler R. Propagation of the virus of porcine epidemic diarrhea in cell culture. J Clin Microbiol 1988;26:2235-9.
26. Bruckova M, McIntosh K, Kapikian AZ, Chanock RM. The adaption of two human coronavirus strains (OC38 and OC43) to growth in cell monolayers. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1970;135:431-5.
27. Patterson S, Macnaughton MR. Replication of human respiratory coronavirus strain 229E in human macrophages. J Gen Virol 1982;60:307-14.
28. Luby JP, Clinton R, Kurtz S. Adaptation of human enteric coronavirus to growth in cell lines. J Clin Virol 1999;12:43-51.
29. Lavi E, Wang Q, Weiss SR, Gonatas NK. Syncytia formation induced by coronavirus infection is associated with fragmentation and rearrangement of the Golgi apparatus. Virology 1996;221:325-34.
30. Kusanagi K, Kuwahara H, Katoh T, et al. Isolation and serial propagation of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in cell cultures and partial characterization of the isolate. J Vet Med Sci 1992;54:313-8.
31. Jacobse-Geels HE, Horzinek MC. Expression of feline infectious peritonitis coronavirus antigens on the surface of feline macrophage-like cells. J Gen Virol 1983;64: 1859-66.
32. Wong KT, Shieh W-J, Kumar S, et al. Nipah virus infection: pathology and pathogenesis of an emerging paramyxoviral zoonosis. Am J Pathol 2002;161:2153-67.
33. Guarner J, Shieh WJ, Dawson J, et al. Immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization studies of influenza A virus infection in human lungs. Am J Clin Pathol 2000;114: 227-33.