Intermediate-depth earthquakes in a region of continental convergence: South Island, New Zealand

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

Volumn 93, Issue 1, 2003, Pages 85-93

  Kohler, Monica D ^a   Eberhart Phillips, Donna ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b GNS SCIENCE   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BRITTLENESS; FAILURE ANALYSIS; GEOLOGICAL SURVEYS; PLASTICITY; SEISMIC PROSPECTING; SHEAR STRESS; STRAIN MEASUREMENT;

CONTINENTAL CONVERGENCE;

EARTHQUAKES;

BRITTLE DEFORMATION; CONTINENTAL COLLISION; CRUSTAL THICKENING; EARTHQUAKE HYPOCENTER; MANTLE; SEISMIC VELOCITY; SHEAR STRAIN;

NEW ZEALAND; SOUTH ISLAND;

EID: 0038017332     PISSN: 00371106     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1785/0120020043     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. 1 using seismograms recorded at 2.5-km depth. J. Geophys. Res. 100, 24,015-24,036.
2. Abercrombie, R. E., S. Bannister, A. Pancha, T. H. Webb, and J. J. Mori (2001). Determination of fault planes in a complex aftershock sequence using two-dimensional slip inversion, Geophys. J. Int. 146, 134-142.
3. Allis, R. G. (1986). Mode of crustal shortening adjacent to the Alpine fault, New Zealand, Tectonics 5, 15-32.
4. Allis, R. G., and Y. Shi (1995). New insights to temperature and pressure beneath the central Southern Alps, New Zealand, N. Z. J. Geol. Geophys. 38, 585-592.
5. Anderson, O. L., and D. Isaak (1995). Elastic constants of mantle minerals at high temperature, in Mineral Physics and Crystallography: A Handbook of Physical Constants, T. J. Ahrens (Editor), AGU Reference Shelf, American Geophysical Union, Washington D.C. Vol. 2, 64-97.
6. Anderson, H., D. Eberhart-Phillips, T. McEvilly, F. Wu, and Uhrhammer (1997). Southern Alps passive seismic experiment, Inst. of Geol. and Nuclear Sciences Sci. Rep. 97/21.
7. Anderson, H., and T. Webb (1994). New Zealand seismicity patterns revealed by the upgraded National Seismograph Network, N. Z. J. Geol. Geophys. 37, 477-493.
8. Beaumont, C., P. J. J. Kamp, J. Hamilton, and P. Fullsack (1996). The continental collision zone: South Island, New Zealand: comparison of geodynamical models and observations. J. Geophys. Res. 101, 3333-3359.
9. Beavan, J., M. Moore, C. Pearson, M. Henderson, B. Parsons, S. Bourne, P. England, D. Walcott, G. Blick, D. Kirby, and K. Hodgkinson (1999). Crustal deformation during 1994-1998 due to oblique continental collision in the central Southern Alps, New Zealand, and implications for seismic potential of the Alpine fault. J. Geophys. Res. 104, 25,233-25,255.
10. Chen, W.-P., and P. Molnar (1983). Focal depths of interacontinental and intraplate earthquakes and their implications for the thermal and mechanical properties of the lithosphere. J. Geophys. Res. 88, 4183-4214.
11. Davey, F. J., T. Henyey, W. S. Holbrook, D. Okaya, T. A. Stern, A. Melhuish, S. Henrys, H. Anderson, D. Eberhart-Phillips, T. McEvilly, R. Uhrhammer, F. Wu, G. R. Jiracek, P. E. Wannamaker, G. Caldwell, and N. Christensen (1998). Preliminary results from a geophysical study across a modern, continent-continent collisional plate boundary; the Southern Alps, New Zealand Tectonophysics 288, 221-235.
12. Eberhart-Phillips, D., and S. Bannister (2002). Southern Alps, New Zealand, three-dimensional seismic velocity structure. J. Geophys. Res. (in press).
13. Eberhart-Phillips, D., and M. Reyners (1997). Continental subduction and three-dimensional crustal structure: the northern South Island, New Zealand, J. Geophys. Res. 102, 11,843-11,861.
14. Eberhart-Phillips, D., and M. Reyners (2001). A complex, young subduction zone imaged by three-dimensional seismic velocity. Fiordland, New Zealand, Geophys. J. Int. 146, 731-746.
15. Gerbault, M., F. Davey, and S. Henrys (2002). Three-dimensional lateral crustal thickening in continental oblique collision: an example from the Southern Alps. New Zealand, Geophys. J. Int. (in press).
16. Gomberg, J. S., K. M. Shedlock, and S. W. Roecker (1990). The effect of S-wave arrival times on the accuracy of hypocenter estimation, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 80, 1605-1628.
17. Gutenberg, B., and C. F. Richter (1941). Seismicity of the Earth, Geol. Soc. Amer. Spec. Pap. 34, 1-141.
18. Gutenberg, B., and C. F. Richter (1944). Frequency of earthquakes in California, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 34 185-188.
19. Hadley, D., and H. Kanamori (1977). Seismic structure of the Transverse Ranges, California, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 88, 1469-1478.
20. Haines, A. J., I. M. Cahaem, and D. E. Ware (1979). Crustal seismicity near Lake Pukaki, South Island, R. Soc. N. Z. Bull. 18, 87-94.
21. Hearn, T. M., and R. W. Clayton (1986). Lateral velocity variations in Southern California. II. Results for the lower crust from Pn waves, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 76, 511-520.
22. Hirth, G., and J. Tullis (1994). The brittle-plastic transition in experimentally deformed quartz aggregates. J. Geophys. Res. 99, 11,731-11,748.
23. Houseman, G. A., E. A. Neil, and M. D. Kohler (2000). Lithospheric instability beneath the Transverse Ranges of California. J. Geophys. Res. 105, 16,237-16,250.
24. Humphreys, E. D., and R. W. Clayton (1990). Tomographic image of the Southern California mantle. J. Geophys. Res. 95, 19,725-19,746.
25. Kirby, S. H. (1980). Tectonic stresses in the lithosphere: constraints provided by the experimental deformation of rocks. J. Geophys. Res. 85, 6353-6363.
26. Kohler, M. D., and D. Eberhart-Phillips (2002). Three-dimensional lithospheric structure below the New Zealand Southern Alps, J. Geophys. Res. (in press).
27. Leitner, B., D. Eberhart-Phillips, H. Anderson, and J. L. Nabelek (2001). A focused look at the Alpine fault, New Zealand: seismicity, focal mechanisms and stress observations, J. Geophys. Res. 106, 2193-2220.
28. Maggi, A., J. A. Jackson, K. Priestley, and C. Baker (2000). A re-assessment of focal depth distributions in southern Iran, the Tien Shan and northern India: do earthquakes really occur in the continental mantle? Geophys. J. Int. 143, 629-661.
29. Mori, J., Abercrombie, R. E., and H. Kanamori, H. (2000). Stress drops and radiated energies of aftershocks of the 1994 Northridge, California, earthquake, J. Geophys. Res. (submitted for publication).
30. Norris, R. J., and A. F. Cooper (2000). Late Quaternary slip rates and slip partitioning on the Alpine Fault, New Zealand, J. Struct. Geol. 23, 507-520.
31. Norris, R. J., P. Koons, and A. F. Cooper (1990). The obliquely-convergent plate boundary in the South Island of New Zealand: implications for ancient collision zones, J. Struct. Geol. 12, 715-725.
32. Pysklywec, R. N., C. Beaumont, and P. Fullsack (2002). Lithospheric deformation during the early stages of continental collision: numerical experiments and comparison with South Island, New Zealand, J. Geophys. Res. (submitted for publication).
33. Reilly, W. I., and C. M. Whiteford (1979). Gravity map of New Zealand, Bouguer and isostatic anomalies, South Island. Dep. of Sci. and Industrial Res. Wellington, scale 1:1,000,000.
34. Reyners, M. (1987). Subcrustal earthquakes in the central South Island, New Zealand, and the root of the Southern Alps, Geology 15, 1168-1171.
35. Reyners, M. (1988). Reservoir induced seismicity at Lake Pukaki. New Zealand, Geophys. J. Int. 93, 127-135.
36. Richards-Dinger, K. B., and P. M. Shearer (1997). Estimating crustal thickness in Southern California by stacking PmP arrivals, J. Geophys. Res. 102, 15,211-15,224.
37. Richards-Dinger, K. B., and P. M. Shearer (2000). Earthquake locations in Southern California obtained using source-specific station terms, J. Geophys. Res. 105, 10,939-10,960.
38. Robinson, R., and T. Webb (1996). "Amprat" and Mechtool": Programs for determining focal mechanism of local earthquakes, rep. 7, Inst. of Geol. and Nucl. Sci., Lower Hutt, New Zealand.
39. Scholz, C. H. (1990). The Mechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting, Cambridge University Press, New York, 439 pp.
40. Smith, E. C. G., T. A. Stern, and B. O'Brien (1995). A seismic velocity model for the central South Island, New Zealand. N. Z. J. Geol. Geophys. 38, 565-571.
41. Stern, T., P. Molnar, D. Okaya, and D. Eberhart-Phillips (2000). Teleseismic P wave delays and modes of shortening the mantle lithosphere beneath South Island, New Zealand, J. Geophys. Res. 105, 21,615-21,631.
42. Stern, T. A., P. E. Wannamaker, D. Eberhart-Phillips, D. Okaya, F. J. Davey, and S. I. P. W. Group (1997). Mountain building and active deformation studied in New Zealand, EOS 78, 329, 335-336.
43. Sutherland, R., F. Davey, and J. Beavan (2000). Plate boundary deformation in South Island, New Zealand, is related to inherited lithospheric structure, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 177, 141-151.
44. Turcotte, D. L., and G. Schubert (1982). Geodynamics: Applications of Continuum Physics to Geological Problems, Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 450 pp.
45. Walcott, R. I. (1978). Present tectonics and Late Cenozoic evolution of New Zealand, Geophys. J. R. Astr. Soc. 52, 137-164.
46. Walcott, R. I. (1998). Modes of oblique compression: late Cenozoic tectonics of the South Island of New Zealand, Rev. Geophys. 36, 1-26.
47. Wellman, H. W. (1953). Data for the study of Recent and late Pleistocene faulting in the South Island of New Zealand, N. Z. J. Sci. Technol. B34, 270-288.
48. Wilson, D., and D. Eberhart-Phillips (1998). Estimating crustal thickness in the central South Island, Inst. Geol. & Nucl. Sci. Sci. Rep. 98/27.
49. Woodward, D. J. (1979). The crustal structure of the Southern Alps. New Zealand, as determined by gravity, in The Origin of the Southern Alps, R. I. Walcott and M. M. Cresswell (Editors), Bull. R. Soc. N. Z. 18, 95-98.