메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 42, Issue 1, 2003, Pages 56-65

Research methods: Beyond the clinical trial

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; ECONOMIC ASPECT; EMERGENCY MEDICINE; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; MEDICAL RESEARCH; METHODOLOGY; PATHOGENESIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUESTIONNAIRE; SOCIAL ASPECT;

EID: 0038016789     PISSN: 01960644     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1067/mem.2003.235     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (9)

References (39)
  • 1
    • 0030027092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence based medicine: What it is and what it isn't
    • Sackett DL, Rosenberg WM, Gray JA, et al. Evidence based medicine: what it is and what it isn't. BMJ. 1996;312:71-72.
    • (1996) BMJ , vol.312 , pp. 71-72
    • Sackett, D.L.1    Rosenberg, W.M.2    Gray, J.A.3
  • 4
    • 0032585188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The unpredictability paradox: Review of empirical comparisons of randomized and non-randomized clinical trials
    • Kunz R, Oxman AD. The unpredictability paradox: review of empirical comparisons of randomized and non-randomized clinical trials. BMJ. 1999;317:1185-1190.
    • (1999) BMJ , vol.317 , pp. 1185-1190
    • Kunz, R.1    Oxman, A.D.2
  • 5
    • 85047692188 scopus 로고
    • Empirical evidence of bias: Dimensions of methodological quality associated with estimates of treatment effects in controlled trails
    • Schultz KF, Chalmers I, Hayes RJ, et al. Empirical evidence of bias: dimensions of methodological quality associated with estimates of treatment effects in controlled trails. JAMA. 1995;273:408-412.
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.273 , pp. 408-412
    • Schultz, K.F.1    Chalmers, I.2    Hayes, R.J.3
  • 6
    • 0032901932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methods for evaluating area-wide and organisation-based interventions in health and health care: A systematic review
    • Ukoumunne O, Gulliford MC, Chinn S, et al. Methods for evaluating area-wide and organisation-based interventions in health and health care: a systematic review. Health Technol Assess. 1999;3:iii-92.
    • (1999) Health Technol Assess , vol.3
    • Ukoumunne, O.1    Gulliford, M.C.2    Chinn, S.3
  • 7
    • 0036209335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistical methods for analyzing cluster and cluster-randomized data
    • Wears RL. Statistical methods for analyzing cluster and cluster-randomized data. Acad Emerg Med. 2002;9:330-341.
    • (2002) Acad Emerg Med , vol.9 , pp. 330-341
    • Wears, R.L.1
  • 8
    • 0032585226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ethics of randomised controlled trials from the perspectives of patients, the public, and healthcare professionals
    • Edwards SJL, Lilford RJ, Hewison J. The ethics of randomised controlled trials from the perspectives of patients, the public, and healthcare professionals. BMJ. 1998;317:1209-1212.
    • (1998) BMJ , vol.317 , pp. 1209-1212
    • Edwards, S.J.L.1    Lilford, R.J.2    Hewison, J.3
  • 9
    • 0028100188 scopus 로고
    • Immediate versus delayed fluid resuscitation for hypotensive patients with penetrating torso injuries
    • Bickell WH, Wall MJ, Pepe PE, et al. Immediate versus delayed fluid resuscitation for hypotensive patients with penetrating torso injuries. N Engl J Med. 1994;331:1105-1109.
    • (1994) N Engl J Med , vol.331 , pp. 1105-1109
    • Bickell, W.H.1    Wall, M.J.2    Pepe, P.E.3
  • 10
    • 0034608838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of a community intervention on patient delay and emergency medical service use in acute coronary heart disease: The Rapid Early Action for Coronary Treatment (REACT) Trial
    • Luepker RV, Rczynski JM, Dsganian S, et al. Effect of a community intervention on patient delay and emergency medical service use in acute coronary heart disease: the Rapid Early Action for Coronary Treatment (REACT) Trial. JAMA. 2000;284:60-67.
    • (2000) JAMA , vol.284 , pp. 60-67
    • Luepker, R.V.1    Rczynski, J.M.2    Dsganian, S.3
  • 11
    • 0033960239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sample size calculations for cluster randomized controlled trials
    • Campbell M, Grimshaw J, Steen N, et al. Sample size calculations for cluster randomized controlled trials. J Health Serv Res Policy. 2000;5:12-16.
    • (2000) J Health Serv Res Policy , vol.5 , pp. 12-16
    • Campbell, M.1    Grimshaw, J.2    Steen, N.3
  • 12
    • 0035923476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation and survival in cardiac arrest
    • Rea TD, Eisenberg MS, Culley LL, et al. Dispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation and survival in cardiac arrest. Circulation. 2001;104:2513-2516.
    • (2001) Circulation , vol.104 , pp. 2513-2516
    • Rea, T.D.1    Eisenberg, M.S.2    Culley, L.L.3
  • 13
    • 0030699939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of a regional trauma system in reducing mortality from major trauma
    • Nicholl J, Turner J. Effectiveness of a regional trauma system in reducing mortality from major trauma. BMJ. 1997;315:1349-1354.
    • (1997) BMJ , vol.315 , pp. 1349-1354
    • Nicholl, J.1    Turner, J.2
  • 14
    • 0029912547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why we need observational studies to evaluate the effectiveness of health care
    • Black N. Why we need observational studies to evaluate the effectiveness of health care. BMJ. 1996;312:1215-1218.
    • (1996) BMJ , vol.312 , pp. 1215-1218
    • Black, N.1
  • 15
    • 0028131717 scopus 로고
    • Cost-effectiveness of a new short-stay unit to "rule out" acute myocardial infarction in low risk patients
    • Gaspoz J, Lee TH, Weinstein MC, et al. Cost-effectiveness of a new short-stay unit to "rule out" acute myocardial infarction in low risk patients. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1994;24:1249-1259.
    • (1994) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.24 , pp. 1249-1259
    • Gaspoz, J.1    Lee, T.H.2    Weinstein, M.C.3
  • 16
    • 0029072069 scopus 로고
    • Effects of London helicopter emergency medical service on survival after trauma
    • Nicholl JP, Brazier JE, Snooks HA. Effects of London helicopter emergency medical service on survival after trauma. BMJ. 1995;311:217-222.
    • (1995) BMJ , vol.311 , pp. 217-222
    • Nicholl, J.P.1    Brazier, J.E.2    Snooks, H.A.3
  • 17
    • 0020045659 scopus 로고
    • Randomized versus historical controls for clinical trials
    • Sacks H, Chalmers TC, Smith H. Randomized versus historical controls for clinical trials. Am J Med. 1982;72:233-240.
    • (1982) Am J Med , vol.72 , pp. 233-240
    • Sacks, H.1    Chalmers, T.C.2    Smith, H.3
  • 18
    • 0024503177 scopus 로고
    • How study design affects outcomes in comparisons of therapy. II: Surgical
    • Miller JN, Colditz GA, Mosteller F. How study design affects outcomes in comparisons of therapy. II: surgical. Stat Med. 1989;8:455-466.
    • (1989) Stat Med , vol.8 , pp. 455-466
    • Miller, J.N.1    Colditz, G.A.2    Mosteller, F.3
  • 20
    • 0031713882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Choosing between randomised and nonrandomised studies: A systematic review
    • Britton A. Choosing between randomised and nonrandomised studies: a systematic review. Health Technol Assess. 1998;2:1-124.
    • (1998) Health Technol Assess , vol.2 , pp. 1-124
    • Britton, A.1
  • 21
    • 0035880296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of evidence of treatment effects in randomized and nonrandomized studies
    • Ioannidis JPA, Haidich A-B, Pappa M, et al. Comparison of evidence of treatment effects in randomized and nonrandomized studies. JAMA. 2001;286:821-830.
    • (2001) JAMA , vol.286 , pp. 821-830
    • Ioannidis, J.P.A.1    Haidich, A.-B.2    Pappa, M.3
  • 22
    • 0033578116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding controlled trials: Baseline imbalance in randomised controlled trials
    • Roberts C, Torgerson DJ. Understanding controlled trials: baseline imbalance in randomised controlled trials [letter]. BMJ. 1999:319:185.
    • (1999) BMJ , vol.319 , pp. 185
    • Roberts, C.1    Torgerson, D.J.2
  • 23
    • 0033578120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of bed use in accommodating emergency admissions: Stochastic simulation model
    • Bagust A, Place M, Posnett JW. Dynamics of bed use in accommodating emergency admissions: stochastic simulation model. BMJ. 1999;3198:155-158.
    • (1999) BMJ , vol.3198 , pp. 155-158
    • Bagust, A.1    Place, M.2    Posnett, J.W.3
  • 25
    • 0034675239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Framework for design and evaluation of complex interventions to improve health
    • Campbell M, Fitzpatrick R, Haines A, et al. Framework for design and evaluation of complex interventions to improve health. BMJ. 2000;321:694-696.
    • (2000) BMJ , vol.321 , pp. 694-696
    • Campbell, M.1    Fitzpatrick, R.2    Haines, A.3
  • 26
    • 0037006242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long waiting lists in hospitals: Operational research needs to be used more often and may provide answers
    • Buhaug H. Long waiting lists in hospitals: operational research needs to be used more often and may provide answers. BMJ. 2002;324:252-253.
    • (2002) BMJ , vol.324 , pp. 252-253
    • Buhaug, H.1
  • 27
    • 0035955036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cost-effectiveness of automated external defibrillators on airlines
    • Groeneveld PW, Kwong JL, Liu Y, et al. Cost-effectiveness of automated external defibrillators on airlines. JAMA. 2001;286:1482-1489.
    • (2001) JAMA , vol.286 , pp. 1482-1489
    • Groeneveld, P.W.1    Kwong, J.L.2    Liu, Y.3
  • 28
    • 0035191434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of four strategies for diagnosing deep veni thrombosis: A cost-effectiveness analysis
    • Perone N, Bounameaux H, Perrier A. Comparison of four strategies for diagnosing deep veni thrombosis: a cost-effectiveness analysis. Am J Med. 2001;110:33-40.
    • (2001) Am J Med , vol.110 , pp. 33-40
    • Perone, N.1    Bounameaux, H.2    Perrier, A.3
  • 29
    • 0032586717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Economics notes: Opportunity cost
    • Palmer S, Raftery J. Economics notes: opportunity cost. BMJ. 1999;318:1551-1552.
    • (1999) BMJ , vol.318 , pp. 1551-1552
    • Palmer, S.1    Raftery, J.2
  • 31
    • 0035061971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The death of cost-minimization analysis?
    • Briggs AH, O'Brien BJ. The death of cost-minimization analysis? Health Econ. 2001;10:179-184.
    • (2001) Health Econ , vol.10 , pp. 179-184
    • Briggs, A.H.1    O'Brien, B.J.2
  • 32
    • 0027572973 scopus 로고
    • QALY league tables: Handle with care
    • Gerard K, Mooney G. QALY league tables: handle with care. Health Econ. 1993;2:59-64.
    • (1993) Health Econ , vol.2 , pp. 59-64
    • Gerard, K.1    Mooney, G.2
  • 33
    • 0037018680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceptions of stroke in the general public and patients with stroke: A qualitative study
    • Yoon SS, Byles J. Perceptions of stroke in the general public and patients with stroke: a qualitative study. BMJ. 2002;324:1065-1068.
    • (2002) BMJ , vol.324 , pp. 1065-1068
    • Yoon, S.S.1    Byles, J.2
  • 34
    • 0018768810 scopus 로고
    • Normal rubbish: Deviant patients in casualty departments
    • Jeffery R. Normal rubbish: deviant patients in casualty departments. Soci Health Illness. 1979;1:90-107.
    • (1979) Soci Health Illness , vol.1 , pp. 90-107
    • Jeffery, R.1
  • 35
    • 0035806729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The art and science of clinical knowledge: Evidence beyond measures and numbers
    • Malterud K. The art and science of clinical knowledge: evidence beyond measures and numbers. Lancet. 2001;358:397-400.
    • (2001) Lancet , vol.358 , pp. 397-400
    • Malterud, K.1
  • 36
    • 0036607325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Socioeconomic variations in responses to chest pain: Qualitative study
    • Richards HM, Reid ME, Watt CM. Socioeconomic variations in responses to chest pain: qualitative study. BMJ. 2002;324:1308-1312.
    • (2002) BMJ , vol.324 , pp. 1308-1312
    • Richards, H.M.1    Reid, M.E.2    Watt, C.M.3
  • 38
    • 0035845256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Qualitative research: Standards, challenges, and guidelines
    • Malterud K. Qualitative research: standards, challenges, and guidelines. Lancet 2001;358:483-488.
    • (2001) Lancet , vol.358 , pp. 483-488
    • Malterud, K.1
  • 39
    • 0032414403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Qualitative research methods in health technology assessment: A review of the literature
    • Murphy E, Dingwall R, Greatbatch D, et al. Qualitative research methods in health technology assessment: a review of the literature. Health Technol Assess. 1998;2:1-274.
    • (1998) Health Technol Assess , vol.2 , pp. 1-274
    • Murphy, E.1    Dingwall, R.2    Greatbatch, D.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.