Determinants of parasitoid-host associations: Insights from a natural tachinid-lepidopteran community

Ecology

Volumn 84, Issue 2, 2003, Pages 296-310

  Stireman III, John O ^a,b   Singer, Michael S ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA   (United States)

^b IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Ecological specialization; Enemy free space; Lepidoptera; Parasitism rate; Parasitoid; Parasitoid community ecology; Species richness; Tachinidae

Indexed keywords

COMMUNITY ECOLOGY; HERBIVORE; HOST-PARASITOID INTERACTION; PARASITISM; SPECIES RICHNESS;

ARIZONA; UNITED STATES;

DIPTERA; HYMENOPTERA; INSECTA; LEPIDOPTERA; MACROLEPIDOPTERA; PROSOPIS; QUERCUS; TACHINIDAE;

EID: 0037996701     PISSN: 00129658     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1890/0012-9658(2003)084[0296:DOPHAI]2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (67)

1. Arnaud, P. H., Jr. 1978. A host-parasite catalog of North American Tachinidae (Diptera), U.S. Department of Agriculture Miscellaneous Publication No. 1319.
2. Askew, R. R. 1961. On the biology of inhabitants of oak galls of Cynipidae (Hymenoptera) in Britain. Transactions of the Society for British Entomology 14:237-268.
3. Askew, R. R. 1980. The diversity of insect communities in leaf-mines and plant galls. Journal of Animal Ecology 49:817-829.
4. Askew, R. R., and M. R. Shaw. 1986. Parasitoid communities: their size, structure, and development. Pages 225-264 in J. K. Waage and D. Greathead, editors. Insect parasitoids. Academic, London, UK.
5. Bailowitz, R. A., and J. P. Brock. 1991. Butterflies of Southeastern Arizona. Sonoran Arthropod Studies, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
6. Barbosa, P. 1988. Natural enemies and herbivore-plant interactions: influence of plant allelochemicals and host specificity. Pages 201-229 in P. Barbosa and D. K. Letourneau, editors. Novel aspects of insect-plant interactions. Wiley, New York, New York, USA.
7. Barbosa, P., et al. 2001. Differential parasitism of macrolepidopteran herbivores on two deciduous tree species. Ecology 82:698-704.
8. Belshaw, R. 1994. Life history characteristics of Tachinidae (Diptera) and their effect on polyphagy. Pages 145-162 in B. A. Hawkins and W. Sheehan, editors. Parasitoid community ecology. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.
9. Bernays, E. A., and M. Graham. 1988. On the evolution of host specificity in phytophagous arthropods. Ecology 69:886-892.
10. Bowers, M. D. 1993. Aposematic caterpillars: life-styles of the warningly colored and unpalatable. Pages 331-371 in N. E. Stamp and T. M. Casey, editors. Caterpillars: ecological and evolutionary constraints on foraging. Routledge, Chapman, and Hall, New York, New York, USA.
11. Cantrell, B. K., and R. W. Crosskey. 1989. Family Tachinidae. Pages 733-784 in N. C. N. C. Evenhuis, editor. Catalog of the Diptera of the Australasian and Oceanian regions. Bishop Museum Press and E. J. Brill, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA.
12. Dyer, L. A. 1995. Tasty generalists and nasty specialists? A comparative study of antipredator mechanisms in tropical lepidopteran larvae. Ecology 76:1483-1496.
13. Dyer, L. A. 1997. Effectiveness of caterpillar defenses against three species of invertebrate predators. Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera 34:48-68.
14. Dyer, L. A., and G. Gentry. 1999. Predicting natural-enemy responses to herbivores in natural and managed systems. Ecological Applications 9:402-408.
15. Eggleton, P., and K. J. Gaston. 1992. Tachinid host ranges: a reappraisal (Diptera: Tachinidae). Entomologists Gazette 43: 139-143.
16. Feeny, P. 1976. Plant apparency and chemical defence. Recent Advances in Phytochemistry 10:1-40.
17. García-Berthou, E. 2001. On the misuse of residuals in ecology: testing regression residuals vs. the analysis of covariance. Journal of Animal Ecology 70:708-711.
18. Gauld, I. D., and K. J. Gaston. 1994. The taste of enemy free space: parasitoids and nasty hosts. Pages 279-299 in B. A. Hawkins and W. Sheehan, editors. Parasitoid community ecology. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.
19. Gauld, I. D., K. J. Gaston, and D. H. Janzen. 1992. Plant allelochemicals, tritrophic interactions, and the anomalous diversity of tropical parasitoids: the "nasty" host hypothesis. Oikos 65:353-357.
20. Gentry, G., and L. A. Dyer. 2002. On the conditional nature of neotropical caterpillar defenses against their natural enemies. Ecology 83:3108-3119.
21. Godfray, H. C. J. 1994. Parasitoids: behavioral and evolutionary ecology. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
22. Hawkins, B. A. 1988. Species diversity in the third and fourth trophic levels: patterns and mechanisms. Journal of Animal Ecology 57:137-162.
23. Hawkins, B. A. 1990. Global patterns of parasitoid assemblage size. Journal of Animal Ecology 59:57-72.
24. Hawkins, B. A. 1994. Patterns and process in host-parasitoid interactions. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Massachusetts, USA.
25. Hawkins, B. A., R. R. Askew, and M. R. Shaw. 1990. Influences of host feeding-niche and foodplant type on generalist and specialist parasitoids. Ecological Entomology 15:275-280.
26. Hawkins, B. A., and R. D. Goeden. 1984. Organization of a parasitoid community associated with a complex of galls on Atriplex spp. in southern California. Ecological Entomology 9:271-292.
27. Hawkins, B. A., and P. Gross. 1992. Species richness and population limitation in insect parasitoid-host systems. American Naturalist 139:417-423.
28. Hawkins, B. A., and J. H. Lawton. 1987. Species richness for parasitoids of British phytophagous insects. Nature 326:788-790.
29. Hawkins, B. A., and N. J. Mills. 1996. Variability in parasitoid community structure. Journal of Animal Ecology 65:501-516.
30. Hawkins, B. A., M. R. Shaw, and R. R. Askew. 1992. Relationships among assemblage size, host specialization, and climatic variability in North American parasitoid communities. American Naturalist 139:58-79.
31. Hawkins, B. A., and W. Sheehan. 1994. Parasitoid community ecology. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.
32. Heppner, J. B. 1991. Faunal regions and the diversity of Lepidoptera. Tropical Lepidoptera 2(supplement):1-85.
33. Hochberg, M. E., and B. A. Hawkins. 1992. Refuges as a predictor of parasitoid diversity. Science 225:973-976.
34. Hochberg, M. E., and B. A. Hawkins. 1994. The implications of population dynamic theory to parasitoid diversity and biological control. Pages 451-471 in B. A. Hawkins and W. Sheehan, editors. Parasitoid community ecology. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.
35. Hoffmeister, T., and S. Vidal. 1994. The diversity of fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) parasitoids. Pages 47-76 in B. A. Hawkins and W. Sheehan, editors. Parasitoid community ecology. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.
36. Janzen, D. H. 1988. Ecological characterization of a Costa Rican dry forest caterpillar fauna. Biotropica 20:120-135.
37. Janzen, D. H. 1995. The caterpillars and their parasitoids of a tropical dry forest. The Tachinid Times 1:2-5.
38. Jeffries, D. H., and J. H. Lawton. 1984. Enemy free space and the structure of ecological communities. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 23:269-286.
39. Jones, T. H., M. P. Hassell, and R. M. May. 1994. Population dynamics of host-parasitoid interactions. Pages 371-394 in B. A. Hawkins and W. Sheehan, editors. Parasitoid community ecology. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.
40. Lawton, J. H., and P. W. Price. 1979. Species richness of parasites on hosts: agromyzid flies on the British Umbelliferae. Journal of Animal Ecology 48:619-637.
41. McPherson, G. R. 1997. Ecology and management of North American savannas. University of Arizona Press, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
42. Memmott, J., H. C. J. Godfray, and I. D. Gauld. 1994. The structure of a tropical host-parasitoid community. Journal of Animal Ecology 63:521-540.
43. Memmott, J., N. D. Martinez, and J. E. Cohen. 2000. Predators, parasitoids and pathogens: species richness, trophic generality and body sizes in a natural food web. Journal of Animal Ecology 69:1-15.
44. Mills, N. 1992. Parasitoid guilds, lifestyles, and host ranges in the parasitoid complexes of tortricoid hosts (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Environmental Entomology 21:320-329.
45. Mills, N. 1993. Species richness and structure in the parasitoid complexes of tortricoid hosts. Journal of Animal Ecology 62:45-58.
46. Mills, N. 2000. Biological control: the need for realistic models and experimental approaches to parasitoid introductions. Pages 217-234 in M. E. Hochberg and A. R. Ives, editors. Parasitoid population biology. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
47. Montllor, C. B., and E. A. Bernays. 1993. Invertebrate predators and caterpillar foraging. Pages 170-202 in N. E. Stamp and T. M. Casey, editors. Caterpillars: ecological and evolutionary constraints on foraging. Routledge, Chapman, and Hall, New York, New York, USA.
48. Monteith, L. G. 1956. Influence of host movement on selection of hosts by Drino bohemica Mesn. (Diptera: Tachinidae) as determined in an olfactometer. Canadian Entomologist 88:583-586.
49. Müller, C. B., I. C. T. Adriaanse, R. Belshaw, and H. C. J. Godfray. 1999. The structure of an aphid-parasitoid community. Journal of Animal Ecology 68:346-370.
50. Price, P. W. 1994. The evolution of parasitoid communities. Pages 472-491 in B. A. Hawkins and W. Sheehan, editors. Parasitoid community ecology. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.
51. Price, P. W., C. E. Bouton, P. Gross, B. A. Mcpheron, J. N. Thompson, and A. E. Weis. 1980. Interactions among three trophic levels: influence of plants on interactions between insect herbivores and natural enemies. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 11:41-65.
52. Rott, A. S., and H. C. J. Godfray. 2000. The structure of a leafminer-parasitoid community. Journal of Animal Ecology 69:274-289.
53. SAS Institute Inc. 1996. JMP IN. Version 3.2.1. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, North Carolina, USA.
54. Scoble, M. J. 1992. The Lepidoptera: form, function, and diversity. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.
55. Shaw, M. R. 1994. Parasitoid host ranges. Pages 111-144 in B. A. Hawkins and W. Sheehan, editors. Parasitoid community ecology. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.
56. Sheehan, W. 1986. Response by generalist and specialist natural enemies to agroecosystem diversification: a selective review. Environmental Entomology 15:456-461.
57. Sheehan, W. 1994. Parasitoid community structure: effects of host abundance, phylogeny, and ecology. Pages 90-107 in B. A. Hawkins and W. Sheehan, editors. Parasitoid community ecology. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.
58. Stamp, N. E., and T. M. Casey. 1993. Caterpillars: ecological and evolutionary constraints on foraging. Routledge, Chapman, and Hall, New York, New York, USA.
59. Stireman, J. O., III. 2001. The ecology and evolution of tachinid-host associations. Dissertation. University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
60. Stireman, J. O., III. 2002a. Phylogenetic relationships of tachinid flies in the subfamily Exoristinae (Tachinidae: Diptera) based on 28S rDNA and EF1α. Systematic Entomology 27:409-435.
61. Stireman, J. O., III. 2002b. Host location and acceptance in a polyphagous tachinid parasitoid. Entomologica Experimentalis et Applicata 103:23-34.
62. Stone, G. N., K. Schonrogge, R. J. Atkinson, D. Bellido, and J. Pujade-Villar. 2002. The population biology of oak gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae). Annual Review of Entomology 47:633-668.
63. Van Driesche, R. G. 1983. The meaning of percent parasitism in studies of insect parasitoids. Environmental Entomology 12:1611-1622.
64. Weseloh, R. M. 1980. Host recognition behavior of the tachinid parasitoid, Compsilura concinnata. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 73:593-601.
65. Wilson, H. B., M. P. Hassell, and H. C. J. Godfray. 1996. Host-parasitoid food webs: dynamics, persistence, and invasion. American Naturalist 148:787-806.
66. Wood, D. M. 1987. Tachinidae. Pages 1193-1269 in J. F. McAlpine, editor. Manual of nearctic Diptera. Volume 2. Monograph No. 28. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
67. Yamamoto, R. T. 1969. Mass rearing of the tobacco horn-worm II. Larval rearing and pupation. Journal of Economic Entomology 62:1427-1431.