Smoking, alcohol consumption, and risk of systemic lupus erythematosus in the black women's health study

Journal of Rheumatology

Volumn 30, Issue 6, 2003, Pages 1222-1226

  Formica, Margaret K ^a   Palmer, Julie R ^b   Rosenberg, Lynn ^b   McAlindon, Timothy E ^b  

^a BOSTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

Alcohol; Epidemiology; Lupus; Smoking; Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION; ANAMNESIS; ARTICLE; CIGARETTE SMOKING; CONFIDENCE INTERVAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEMOGRAPHY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HEALTH; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; NEGRO; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; QUESTIONNAIRE; RISK; SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS;

ADULT; AFRICAN AMERICANS; ALCOHOL DRINKING; FEMALE; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS, SYSTEMIC; MIDDLE AGED; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODELS; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK FACTORS; SMOKING; WOMEN'S HEALTH;

EID: 0037981290     PISSN: 0315162X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (16)

1. Silman AJ, Hochberg MC. Systemic lupus erythematosus. In: Silman AJ, Hochberg MC, editors. Epidemiology of the rheumatic diseases. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1993:163-91.
2. Hardy CJ, Palmer BP, Muir KR, Sutton AJ, Powell RJ. Smoking history, alcohol consumption, and systemic lupus erythematosus: a case-control study. Ann Rheum Dis 1998;57:451-5.
3. Nagata C, Fujita S, Iwata H, et al. Systemic lupus erythematosus: a case-control epidemiologic study in Japan. Int J Dermatol 1995;34:333-7.
4. Benoni C, Nilsson A, Nived O. Smoking and inflammatory bowel disease: comparison with systemic lupus erythematosus. A case-control study. Scand J Gastroenterol 1990;25:751-5.
5. Ghaussy NO, Sibbitt WL Jr, Qualls CR. Cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus: a case-control study. J Rheumatol 2001;28:2449-53.
6. Bengtsson AA, Rylander L, Hagmar L, Nived O, Sturfelt G. Risk factors for developing lupus erythematosus: a case-control study in southern Sweden. Rheumatology 2002;41:563-71.
7. Rosenberg L, Adams-Campbell L, Palmer JR. The Black Women's Health Study: a follow-up study for causes and prevention of illness. J Am Med Womens Assoc 1995;50:56-8.
8. Hochberg MC. Updating the American College of Rheumatology revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus [letter]. Arthritis Rheum 1997;40:1725.
9. Tan EM, Cohen AS, Fries JF, et al. The 1982 revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1982;25:1271-7.
10. Lom-Orta H, Alarcon-Segovia D, Diaz-Jouanen E. Systemic lupus erythematosus. Differences between patients who do, and who do not, fulfill classification criteria at the time of diagnosis. J Rheumatol 1980;7:831-7.
11. Kiel DP, Baron JA, Anderson JJ, Hannan MT, Felson DT. Smoking eliminates the protective effect of oral estrogens on the risk for hip fracture among women. Ann Intem Med 1992;116:716-21.
12. Baron JA, LaVecchia C, Levi F. The antiestrogenic effect of cigarette smoking in women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1990; 162:502-14.
13. Matthews JD, Whittingham S, Hooper BM, Mackay IR, Stenhouse NS. Association of autoantibodies with smoking, cardiovascular morbidity, and death in the Busselton population. Lancet 1973;2:754-8.
14. Hersey P, Prendergast D, Edwards E. Effects of cigarette smoking on the immune system: follow-up studies in normal subjects after cessation of smoking. Med J Aust 1983;2:425-9.
15. Burton RC. Smoking, immunity, and cancer. Med J Aust 1983;2:411-2.
16. Education attainment in the United States. March 1998 (update). Current population reports. P20-543. Washington, DC: US Department of Commerce; 1998.