Review of recent developments in fire detection technologies

Journal of Fire Protection Engineering

Volumn 13, Issue 2, 2003, Pages 129-151

  Liu, Zhigang ^a   Kim, Andrew K ^a  

^a NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA   (Canada)

Author keywords

Fire detection; Flame detector; Gas detector; Heat detector; Integrated fire detection; Sensor technology; Signal processing and monitoring; Smoke detector

Indexed keywords

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY; INTERNET; MICROELECTRONICS; SENSORS; SIGNAL PROCESSING;

FIRE DETECTION TECHNOLOGIES;

FIRE PROTECTION;

EID: 0037954198     PISSN: 10423915     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1042391503013002003     Document Type: Review

References (77)

1. Grosshandler, W. L., " An Assessment of Technologies for Advanced Fire Detection" , Heat and Mass Transfer in Fire and Combustion Systems, HTD-Vol. 223, ASME, December 1992, pp. 1-10.
2. Morgan, A., " New Fire Detection Concepts with Fibre Optics Technology" , Fire Safety Engineering, April 2000.
3. Pati, V. B., Joshi, S. P., Sowmianarayana, R., Vedavathi, M. and Rana, R. K., " Simulation of Intelligent Fire Detection and Alarm System for a Warship" , Defense Science Journal, Vol. 39, No.1, 1989, pp. 79-94.
4. Zivney, R. C., " Integration: Not a Matter of Debate" , ASHRAE J., April 1985.
5. Crapo, W. F., " Smoke Detectors and Life Safety" , Fire Engineering, May 2000, p. 61.
6. Giang, T. H., " Modern Concept and Technique in Fire Safety Engineering" , 2nd International Symposium on Safety Science and Technology, Beijing, China, August 2000.
7. Grosshandler, W. L, Editor, " Proceedings of the 1995 Workshop on Fire Detector Research" , National Institute of Standards and Technology, NISTIR 5700, Gaithersburg, MD, USA, June 1995.
8. Blake, D., Gill, W., Gritzo, L. and Williams, J. " Initial Development of Improved Aircraft Cargo Compartment Fire Detection Certification Criteria" , 12th International Conference on Automatic Fire Detection, March 2001, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
9. Meacham, B.J., " International Developments in Fire Sensor Technology" , J. of Fire Protection Engineering, Vol. 6, No. 2, 1994, pp. 89-98.
10. Iida, O., Onoda, D., Kono, S., Hshiba, K. and Ohsawa, S., " Expansion of Measuring Range for a Fiber-Optic Distributed Temperature Sensor and Applications to Commercial Plants" , IMTC'94, May 1994, Hamamatsu, Japan.
11. Wang, A., Liu, W., Li, X., Yue, C., Wang, Y., Wang, Q. and Cai, X., " Distributed Optical Fiber Temperature Detecting and Alarm System" , 12th International Conference on Automatic Fire Detection, March 2001, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
12. Maegerle, R., " Fire Protection Systems for Traffic Tunnels under Test" , 12th International Conference on Automatic Fire Detection, March 2001, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
13. Ericsson Network Engineering AB, Sundbyberg, Sweden, " Distributed Temperature Measurement Using Optical Fibres", - System Document, 1994.
14. Basnett, T. and Barber, S. J., " Distributed Temperature Measurement with Optical Fibres" , - System Document, Cossor Electronics Ltd, Harlow, Essex, England, 1994.
15. Culverhouse, D., Farahi, F., Pannell, C. N. and Jackson, D. A., " Potential of Stimulated Brillouin Scattering as Sensing Mechanism for Distributed Temperature Sensors" , Electronics Letters, Vol. 25, No. 14, 1989.
16. Bao, X., Webb, D. J., and Jackson, D. A., " 32 km Distributed Temperature Sensor Based on Brillouin Loss in an Optical Fiber" , Optics Letter, Vol. 18, No.18, September 1993, pp. 1561-1563.
17. Thevenaz, L., Nikles, M., Fellay, A., Facchini, M. and Robert, P., " Truly Distributed Strain and Temperature Sensing Using Embedded Optical Fibers" , SPIE Proceedings, 3330, 1998, 301-314.
18. Bao, X., Dhilwayo, J., Heron, N., Webb, D. J. and Jackson, D. A., " Experimental and Theoretical Studies on a Distributed Temperature Sensor Based on Brillouin Scattering" , J. of Lightwave Technology, Vol. 13, No. 7, 1995.
19. Fellay, A., Thevenaz, L., Facchini, M., Nickles, M. and Robert, P., " Distributed Sensing Using Stimulated Brillouin Scattering towards Ultimate Resolution" , Optical Fiber Sensors, Vol. 16, 1997, 324-327.
20. Bao, X., Brown, A., DeMerchant, M. and Smith, J., " Characterization of the Brillouin-Loss Spectrum of Single-Mode Fibers by Use of Very Short ( < 10 ns) Pulses" , Optics Letters, Vol. 24, No.8, 1999, pp. 510-512.
21. Liu, Z. G., Ferrier, G., Bao, X., Zeng, X., Yu, Q. and Kim, A. K. " Brillouin scattering based distributed fiber optic temperature sensing for fire detection" , 7th International Symposium on Fire Safety Conference, Worcester, MA, USA. June, 2002.
22. Grosshandler, W. L., " A Review of Measurements and Candidate Signatures for Early Fire Detection" , NISTIR 5555, 1995.
23. Shields, T. J. and Silcock, G. W. H., " Buildings and Fire" , Longman Scientific and Technical, Essex, England, 1987.
24. Litton, C. D., " Relationships between Smoke and Carbon Monoxide and Their Implication toward Improved Mine Fire Detection" , Proceedings 23rd International Conference of Safety in Mines Research Institutes, September 1989, Washington, DC, pp. 77-82.
25. Morgan, A., " Automatic Fire Detection-Friend or Foe?" , Fire Engineers Journal, July 1999.
26. Schmit-Ott, A., Krull, W. and Burtcher, H., " Electrostatic Fire Detector" , AUBE '89, University of Duisburg, Germany, October 1989.
27. Morgan, A., " Automatic Fire Detection - Let There be Light" , Fire Engineers Journal, September 1999.
28. Meacham, B. J. and Motevalli, V., " Characterization of Smoke From Smoldering Combustion for the Evaluation of Light Scattering Type Smoke Detector Response" , Journal of Fire Protection Engineering, Vol. 4, No. 1, 1992.
29. Thompson, L., " VIEWTM: An Advance in Smoke Detection Technology" , Fire Safety, June 1999.
30. Kaiser, L. C., " High Performance Optical Detector" , NFPA Annual Meeting, Rail Transportation Section, New Orleans, LA, May 1992.
31. Morgan, A., " Left Luggage - Automatic Fire Detection and the New Century" , Fire Engineers Journal, January 2000.
32. Gottuk, D. T., Peatross, J. M., Roby, R. J. and Beyler, C. L., " Advanced Fire Detection Using Multi-signature Alarm Algorithms" , 11th International Conference on Automatic Fire Detection, March 1999, Duisburg, Germany.
33. Qualey, J. and Seyouri, R., " Development of a Multisensing Detector" , Proceedings of the Fire Suppression and Detection Research Application Symposium, February, 1998, NFPA, Quincy, Mass.
34. Conforti, F., " Multi-Sensor, Multi-Criteria Detectors are Better" , Proceedings AUBE 99, 1999, pp. 247-249.
35. Cholin, J., " Optical Fire Detection" , Chemical Engineering Progress, July 1989, pp. 62-68.
36. Jacobson, E., " Finding Novel Fire Detection Technologies for the Offshore Industry" , Fire, March 2000, p. 26.
37. Lloyd, D., " Video Smoke Detection (VSD-8)" , Fire Safety, January 2000.
38. Wieser, D. and Brupbacher, T., " Smoke Detection in Tunnels Using Video Images" , AUBE '01-12th International Conference on Automatic Fire Detection, Proceedings, National Institute of Standards and Technology, March 2001, Gaithersburg, USA.
39. Goedeke, A. D., Duda, B., Healey, G., Vigione, S. and Gross, H. D., " Machine Vision Fire Detection System (MVDS)" , Report No. ESL-TR-91-02, Donmar Limited, Newport Beach, CA, Phase I SBIR Final Report, Air Force contract No. F08635-C-90-0394, December 1990.
40. So, A. T. P. and Chan, W. L., " A Computer Vision Based Fuzzy Logic Aided Security and Fire Detection System" , Fire Technology, Vol. 30, No. 3, 1994.
41. So, A. T. P., Chan, W. L. and Chow, T. T., " A Computer Vision Based HVAC Control Systems" , ASHRAE Transactions, Vol. 102, Pt. 1, 1996, p. 661.
42. So, A. T. P. and Chan, W. L., " A Computer Vision Based Power Plant Monitoring System" , Proc. IEE Int. Conf. Adv. In Power System Control, Operation and Management, Hong Kong, November, 1991.
43. So, A. T. and Chan, W. L., " Intelligent Building Systems" , Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell, USA, 1999.
44. Kozeki, D., " Smoldering Fire Detection by Image Processing" , 12th International Conference on Automatic Fire Detection, March 2001, Gaithersburg, USA.
45. Kaiser, T. and Kempka, " Is Microwave Radiation Useful for Fire Detection?" , 12th International Conference on Automatic Fire Detection, March 2001, Gaithersburg, USA.
46. 2 and Smoke Density in European Standard Fire Tests" , Fire Safety Journal, Vol. 22, 1994, pp. 181-205.
47. Fardell, P. J., Murrell, J. M. and Murrell, J. V., " Chemical Fingerprint Studies of Fire Atmospheres" , Fire and Materials, Vol. 10, 1986.
48. Harwood, J. A., Moseley, P. T., Peat, R. and Reynolds, C. A., " The Use of Low Power Carbon Monoxide Sensors to Provide Early Warning of Fire" , Fire Safety Journal, Vol. 17, 1991, pp. 431-443.
49. Barrett, R., " CO Fire Detection - A Useful Technique?" , Fire Safety Engineering, August 2000.
50. Laluuvein, B., " Effective Detectors for Life Protection" , Fire Safety Engineering, October 2000.
51. Pfefferseder, A., " Requirements to Gas Sensors in Fire Alarms for Residential Use" , 12th International Conference on Automatic Fire Detection, March 2001, Gaithersburg, USA.
52. Cleary, T., " Enhanced Residential Fire Detection by Combining Smoke and Carbon Monoxide Sensors" , 12th International Conference on Automatic Fire Detection, March 2001. Gaithersburg, USA.
53. Budnick, E. K. and Forsell, E. W., " In Situ Tests of Smoke Detection Systems for Telecommunications Central Office Facilities" , Hughes Associates, October, 1990.
54. Riches, J., Chapman, A. and Beardon, J., " The Detection of Fire Precursors Using Chemical Sensors" , 8th International Fire Science and Engineering Conference, Edinburgh, Scotland, 1999.
55. McNesby, K. L., Skaggs, R. R., Morris, J. B., Kennedy, B., Miziolek, A. W., Jackson, W. M. and McLaren, I.A., " Diode Laser-Based Sensor for Fast Measurement of Binary Gas Mixtures" , Proceedings: Halon Options Technical Working Conference, April 1999, pp. 27-29.
56. Dankner, Y., Jacobson, E., Goldenberg, E. and Pashin, S., " Optical Based UV-IR Gas Detector for Environmental Monitoring of Flammable Hydrocarbons and Toxic Gases" , SPIE, Vol. 2504, 1995.
57. Serio, M. A., Bonamno, A. S., Knight, K. S. and Newman, J. S., " An FT-IR Based System for Fire Detection" , NIST Annual Conference on Fire Research, Gaithersburg, USA, 1994.
58. Serio, M. A., Bonamno, A. S., Knight, K. S. and Newman, J. S., " Fourier Transform Infrared Diagnostics for Improved Fire Detection Systems" , NIST Annual Conference on Fire Research, Gaithersburg, USA, 1996.
59. Fraser, B., " Applying Advanced Fire Detection and Controls Technology to Enhance Elevator Safety During Fire Emergencies" , Elevator World, April 1996.
60. Meacham, B. J., " The Use of Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Signal Discrimination in Fire Detection Systems" , J. of Fire Protection Engineering, Vol. 6, No. 3, 1994, pp. 125-136.
61. Muller, H. C., " A New Approach to Fire Detection Algorithms Based on the Hidden Markov Model" , AUBE '01-12th International Conference on Automatic Fire Detection, Proceedings, National Institute of Standards and Technology, March 2001, Gaithersburg, USA.
62. Tice, L., " Options Within Intelligent Fire Detection Systems" , Fire Safety, 1999.
63. Cleary, T. and Notarianni, K., " Distributed Sensor Fire Detection" , 12th International Conference on Automatic Fire Detection, March, 2001, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
64. Chapman, R. E., " Benefits and Costs of Research: A Case Study of Cybernetic Building Systems" , NIST Report, NISTIR 6303, 1999.
65. Bukowski, R., " A History of NBS/NIST Research on Fire Detectors" , AUBE '01-12th International Conference on Automatic Fire Detection, Proceedings, National Institute of Standards and Technology, March, 2001, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
66. Davis, W. and Forney, G., " A Sensor-Driven Fire Model" , AUBE '01-12th International Conference on Automatic Fire Detection, Proceedings, National Institute of Standards and Technology, March 2001, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
67. Winter, J., " When Every Second Counts" , Fire Safety Engineering, August 2000, pp. 26-28.
68. So, A. T. P., Chan W. L. and Tse, W. L., " Building Automation on the Information Superhighway" , ASHRAE Transactions, 1998, p. 176.
69. Schnitz, G. and Wischital, P., " Internet Technology: New Perspectives for Alarm Systems" , AUBE '01-12th International Conference on Automatic Fire Detection, Proceedings, National Institute of Standards and Technology, March, 2001, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
70. " Wireless Video Monitoring Solution" , Setrix, White Paper, June 2001.
71. Ennals, B., " Integrated Systems - An Evolution in Building Control" , Fire Safety, April 1999.
72. Sharples, S., Callaghan, V. and Clarke, G., " A Multi-Agent Architecture for Intelligent Building Sensing and Control" , Sensor Review, Vol. 19, No. 2, 1999, pp. 135-140.
73. Harrison, A., Loe, E. and Read, J., " Intelligent Buildings in South East Asia" , E and FN SPON, 1998.
74. DEGW, Ove Arup and Partners and Northcroft, " Intelligent Buildings in Latin America" , DEGW, Ove Arup and Partners and Northcroft, 1999.
75. Dillon, M. E., " Some Reasons not to Integrate" , ASHRAE Journal, April, 1985.
76. Ivanovich, M., " The Future of Intelligent Buildings Is Now" , HPAC Heating/Piping/AirConditioning, May, 1999.
77. Bushby, S. T., " BACnet's™: A Standard Communication Infrastructure for Intelligent Buildings" , Automation in Construction, Vol. 6, 1997, pp. 529-540.