Assessment of facial asymmetries from posteroanterior cephalograms: Validity of reference lines

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics

Volumn 123, Issue 5, 2003, Pages 512-520

  Trpkova, Biljana ^b   Prasad, Narasimha G ^a   Lam, Ernest W N ^a   Raboud, Donald ^a   Glover, Kenneth E ^a   Major, Paul W ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA   (Canada)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACCURACY; ARTICLE; CEPHALOMETRY; FACE ASYMMETRY; HUMAN; LINEAR REGRESSION ANALYSIS; MEDICAL ASSESSMENT; OBSERVER VARIATION; REFERENCE VALUE; REPRODUCIBILITY; SKULL RADIOGRAPHY; VALIDATION PROCESS; COMPUTER PROGRAM; STANDARD; STATISTICAL MODEL; STATISTICS; TOOTH RADIOGRAPHY; VALIDATION STUDY;

CEPHALOMETRY; FACIAL ASYMMETRY; HUMANS; LINEAR MODELS; OBSERVER VARIATION; RADIOGRAPHY, DENTAL; REFERENCE VALUES; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; SOFTWARE;

EID: 0037945325     PISSN: 08895406     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0889-5406(02)57034-7     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Alavi D.G., BeGole E.A., Schneider B.J. Facial and dental arch asymmetries in Class II subdivision malocclusion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 93:1988;38-46.
2. Butow K.W., van der Walt P.J. The "Stellenbosch"-triangle analysis of the postero-anterior and basilar cephalograms. J Dent Assoc S Afr. 36:1981;461-467.
3. Chebib F.S., Chamma A.M. Indices of craniofacial asymmetry. Angle Orthod. 51:1981;214-226.
4. Cheney E.A. Dentofacial asymmetries and their clinical significance. Am J Orthod. 47:1961;814-829.
5. Fisher B. A study of methods of establishing a mid-sagittal plane in posterior-anterior cephalograms [thesis]. Cleveland: Case Western Reserve University; 1964.
6. Grummons D.C., Kappeyne van de Coppello M.A. A frontal asymmetry analysis. J Clin Orthod. 21:1987;448-465.
7. Gugino C.F. An orthodontic philosophy. 11th ed:1977;Rocky Mountain Associates International, Denver.
8. Harvold E.P., Trugue M., Viloria J.O. Establishing the median plane in posteroanterior cephalograms. Salzmann J.A. Roentgenographic cephalometrics. 2nd ed:1959;J. B. Lippincott Co, Philadelphia.
9. Hewitt A.B. A radiographic study of facial asymmetry. Br J Orthod. 2:1975;37-40.
10. Laspos C.P., Kyrkanides S., Tallents R.H., Moss M.E., Subtelny J.D. Mandibular and maxillary asymmetry in individuals with unilateral cleft lip and palate. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 34:1997;232-239.
11. Lund K. Mandibular growth and remodelling processes after condylar fracture. A longitudinal roentgencephalometric study. Acta Odontol Scand. 32:(Suppl):1974;3-117.
12. Molsted K., Dahl E. Asymmetry of the maxilla in children with com- plete unilateral cleft lip and palate. Cleft Palate J. 27:1990;184-192.
13. Padwa B.L., Kaiser M.O., Kaban L.B. Occlusal cant in the frontal plane as a reflection of facial asymmetry. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 55:1997;811-816.
14. Peck S., Peck L., Kataja M. Skeletal asymmetry in esthetically pleasing faces. Angle Orthod. 61:1991;43-48.
15. Pirttiniemi P., Kantomaa T., Lahtela P. Relationship between craniofacial and condyle path asymmetry in unilateral cross-bite patients. Eur J Orthod. 12:1990;408-413.
16. Ricketts R.M., Roth R.H., Chaconas S.J., Schulhof R.J., Engel G.A. Orthodontic diagnosis and planning. 1982;Rocky Mountain Data Systems, Denver.
17. Sassouni V. The face in five dimensions. 2nd ed:1960;West Virginia University, Morgantown.
18. Sassouni V., Forrest E.J. Orthodontics in dental practice. 1971;C. V. Mosby Company, Saint Louis.
19. Shah S.M., Joshi M.R. An assessment of asymmetry in the normal craniofacial complex. Angle Orthod. 48:1978;141-148.
20. Stabrun A.E. Mandibular morphology and position in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. A study on postero-anterior radiographs. Eur J Orthod. 7:1985;288-298.
21. Svanholt P., Sollow B. Assessment of midline discrepancies on the posterioanterior cephalometric radiograph. Trans Eur Orthod Soc. 25:1977;261-268.
22. Thompson J.R. Asymmetry of the face. J Am Dent Assoc. 30:1943;1859-1871.
23. Vig P.S., Hewitt A.B. Asymmetry of the human facial skeleton. Angle Orthod. 45:1975;125-129.
24. Johnston DE. The posteroanterior cephalometric radiograph [thesis]. Edmonton, Alberta, Canada: University of Alberta; 1991. p. 46.
25. Ranly D.M. A synopsis of craniofacial growth. 2nd ed:1988;Appleton & Lange, Norwalk (Conn).
26. Proffit W.R., White R.P. Surgical-orthodontic treatment. 1991;Mosby-Year Book, Saint Louis.
27. Starrett Coordinate Measuring Machine Division. Bulletin No.704; 11/1998 5M/S. p. 3.
28. Savara B.S., Tracy W.E., Miller P.A. Analysis of errors in cephalometric measurements of three-dimensional distances on the human mandible. Arch Oral Biol. 11:1966;209-217.
29. Houston W.J. The analysis of errors in orthodontic measurements. Am J Orthod. 83:1983;382-390.
30. Gravely J.F., Benzies P.M. The clinical significance of tracing error in cephalometry. Br J Orthod. 1:1974;95-101.
31. Major P.W., Johnson D.E., Hesse K.L., Glover K.E. Landmark identification error in posterior anterior cephalometrics. Angle Orthod. 64:1994;447-454.
32. El Mangoury N.H., Shaheen S.I., Mostafa Y.A. Landmark identification in computerized posteroanterior cephalometrics. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 91:1987;57-61.
33. Richardson A. A comparison of traditional and computerized methods of cephalometric analysis. Eur J Orthod. 3:1981;15-20.
34. Ghafari J., Cater P.E., Shofer F.S. Effect of film-object distance on posteroanterior cephalometric measurements suggestions for standardized cephalometric methods . Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 108:1995;30-37.
35. Major P.W., Johnson D.E., Hesse K.L., Glover K.E. Effect of head rotation on posterior anterior cephalometric landmark identification. Angle Orthod. 66:1996;51-60.