Development of family law in Afghanistan: The roles of the Hanafi Madhhab, customary practices and power politics

Central Asian Survey

Volumn 16, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 389-399

  Malikyar, Helena ^a  

^a NEW YORK UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0037914101     PISSN: 02634937     EISSN: None     Source Type: Trade Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/02634939708400998     Document Type: Article

References (73)

1. The Qur'an, III, 138.
2. Esposito, p 3.
3. Whether or not ijtihad is no longer practised by the Sunni schools is still debated, as seen in S. Sirat's 'Shari'a and Islamic education in Afghanistan', pp 217-225.
4. Schacht, p 65.
5. Majallah al-Ahkam-i Adliyah (1869-76).
6. Esposito, pp 127-128.
7. Ibid, p 7.
8. Kakar, pp 171-173.
9. Kamali, p 7.
10. Asas al-quddat, Kabul, 1303 (1886).
11. For information on the decrees of Amir 'Abd al-Rahman Khan on women's issues see: Fayd Muhammad's Siraj al-tawarikh, Sultan Muhammad's The Constitution and Laws of Afghanistan, pp 147-149; also see: H. K. Kakar's Government and Society in Afghanistan: The Reign of Amir 'Abd al-Rahman Khan, pp 171-173.
12. For information on the decrees of Amir 'Abd al-Rahman Khan on women's issues see: Fayd Muhammad's Siraj al-tawarikh, Sultan Muhammad's The Constitution and Laws of Afghanistan, pp 147-149; also see: H. K. Kakar's Government and Society in Afghanistan: The Reign of Amir 'Abd al-Rahman Khan, pp 171-173.
13. For information on the decrees of Amir 'Abd al-Rahman Khan on women's issues see: Fayd Muhammad's Siraj al-tawarikh, Sultan Muhammad's The Constitution and Laws of Afghanistan, pp 147-149; also see: H. K. Kakar's Government and Society in Afghanistan: The Reign of Amir 'Abd al-Rahman Khan, pp 171-173.
14. Siraj al-ahkam fi mu 'amilat al-Islam, Kabul, 1323 (1906).
15. Farhadi, pp 494-506.
16. Centlivres-Demont, p 337.
17. Ruydad-i Luyah Jirgah-i Dar al-Saltanah-i Kabul (The Proceedings of the National Assembly of the Seat of the Government of Kabul), pp 167-168.
18. Nizamnamah-i Nikah, pp 2-3.
19. Kamali, pp 13-14.
20. Nizamnamah, pp 3-4.
21. Ibid, p 5.
22. Pearl, p 205.
23. Nizamnamah, p 7.
24. Ibid, p 5.
25. Ibid, p 8.
26. Poullada, p 291.
27. Kamali, pp 112-113.
28. Ibid, p 128.
29. Constitution of the Republic of Afghanistan, p 25.
30. The Qur'an, XXIV: 6-9.
31. Esposito, pp 34-35.
32. Ibid, p 35.
33. Kamali, p 128.
34. For examples of fatawa issued during the years of war, see: Afghanistan Forum, November 1990, p 8.
35. Washington Post, 30 April, 1992.
36. 'Fatwa-i shar'i sutr wa hijab', pp 34-36.
37. The appellation derived from the term, talib al-'ilm (seeker of knowledge), refers to the one who studies in a madrasa (a school for the study of Islamics).
38. Radio Kabul, 28 September 1996, monitored by the Author in Tashkent.
39. Ibid.
40. Voice of America, 28 September 1996, monitored by the Author in Tashkent.
41. Ibid.
42. A number of Western journalists, including those representing the VOA., the BBC and the New York Times witnessed the beating of two women by some Taliban in a Kabul street for coming out of their homes without an acceptable reason.
43. Radio Voice of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Khurasan, monitored on 1 October 1996.
44. VOA report by Douglas Bakshian, 17 October, 1996, monitored in Tashkent.
45. Asas al-quddat, Kabul, 1303 (1886).
46. Centlivres-Demont, Micheline (1994) 'Afghan women in peace, war, and exile', in Myran Weiner and Ali Banuazizi, eds, The Politics of Social Transformation in Afghanistan, Iran and Pakistan, Syracuse.
47. Constitution of the Republic of Afghanistan, (1977), Kabul.
48. Doi, Abdul Rahman (1989) Woman in Shari'ah, London.
49. Doubleday, Veronica (1990) Three Women of Herat, Austin, Texas.
50. Dupree, Louis (1980) Afghanistan, Princeton.
51. Dupree, Nancy Hatch (1981) 'Revolutionary rhetoric and Afghan women', in The Afghanistan Forum, Occasional Paper 23, New York.
52. Dupree, Nancy Hatch (1992) 'The present role of Afghan refugee women and children', in Bernard van Leer Foundation, Studies and Evaluation, Paper No 7. The Hague.
53. Esposito, John L. (1982) Women in Muslim Family Law, Syracuse.
54. Farda-i Afghanistan-i Islami. First Seminar on the Principles of the Future of Islamic Regime in Afghanistan, Hamal 1369, Peshawar, 1991.
55. Farhadi, Rawan (ed.) (1977) Maqalat-i Mahmud Tarzi dar Siraj al-akhbar-i afghaniyya, Kabul.
56. Fatwa-i Shara'i Sutr wa Hijab, Kabul, 27 August 1993.
57. Fayd Muhammad 1331-1333 (1913-15). Siraj al-tawarikh, 3 vols in 2, Kabul.
58. al-Hindi, Muhammad 'Abd al-Hayy (1992) Tuhfat al-akhyar bi-ihya' sunnat Sayyid al-Abrar, Aleppo.
59. 'Ibadah, Muhammad Anis (1980) Usul al-fiqh lil-Hanafiyah, Cairo.
60. Ibyani, Muhammad Zayd (1970) Sharh al-Ahkam al-shar'iyah fi al-ahwal al-shakhsiyah, Baghdad.
61. Kakar, Hasan Kawun (1979) Government and Society in Afghanistan: The Reign of Amir 'Abd al-Rahman Khan, Austin, Texas.
62. Kamali, Mohammad Hashim (1985) Law in Afghanistan, Leiden.
63. Lings, Martin (1988) Muhammad, London.
64. The Meaning of the Glorious Qur'an. Translated by Abdullah Yusuf Ali, Beirut and Cairo, n.d.
65. Nizanmamah-i 'Arusi, Nikah wa Khatna suri, Kabul, 23 August 1925.
66. Pearl, David (1990) 'Islamic family law in India and Pakistan', in Nicholar Heer, ed. Islamic Law and Jurisprudence, Seattle.
67. Poullada, Leon B. (1973) Reform and Rebellion in Afghanistan, 1919-1929, Ithaca, New York.
68. Ruydad-i Luyah Jirgh-i 1303. Kabul, 1926.
69. Schacht, Joseph (1991) An Introduction to Islamic Law, Oxford.
70. Siraj al-ahkam fi mu 'amilat al-Islam, Kabul, n.d.
71. Sirat, A. Sattar, 'Shari'a and Islamic education in Afghanistan', Middle East Journal, Vol 23, 1969, pp 217-225.
72. Sultan Mohammad (1900) The Constitution and Law of Afghanistan, London.
73. Washington Post, Washington, 30 April 1992.