Explaining inequality the world round: Cohort size, Kuznets curves, and openness

Southeast Asian Studies

Volumn 40, Issue 3, 2002, Pages 268-302

  Higgins, Matthew ^a   Williamson, Jeffrey G ^b  

^a Merrill Lynch   (United States)

^b HARVARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Demography; Inequality; Kuznets curve; Openness

Indexed keywords

COHORT ANALYSIS; GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE; INCOME DISTRIBUTION; KUZNETS CURVE;

EID: 0037851020     PISSN: 05638682     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Ahluwalia, M. 1976. Inequality, Poverty and Development. Journal of Development Economics 3: 307-342.
2. Anand, S.; and Kanbur, S. 1993. Inequality and Development: A Critique. Journal of Development Economics 41: 19-43.
3. Anderson, J. E.; and Neary, J. P. 1994. Measuring the Restrictiveness of Trade Policy. The World Bank Economic Review 8 : 151-169.
4. Anderson, T. W.; and Hsiao, C. 1981. Estimation of Dynamic Models with Error Components. Journal of the American Statistical Association 76: 589-606.
5. Arellano, M.; and Bond, S. 1991. Some Tests of Specification for Panel Data: Monte Carlo Evidence and an Application to Employment Data. Review of Economic Studies 58: 277-297.
6. Arellano, M.; and Bover, O. 1995. Another Look at the Instrumental Variable Estimation of Error-Components Models. Journal of Econometrics 68: 29-51.
7. Barro, R.; and Lee, J-W. 1994. Data Set for a Panel of 138 Countries. Available from the National Bureau of Economic Research at http://www.nber.org/pub/barro.lee/zip
8. Bloom, D.; and Williamson, J. G. 1997. Demographic Change and Human Resource Development. In Emerging Asia: Change and Challenges, Ch. 3. Manila: Asian Development Bank.
9. Bloom, D.; and Williamson, J. G. 1998. Demographic Transitions and Economic Miracles in Emerging Asia. World Bank Economic Review 12: 419-455.
10. Borjas, G. 1994. The Economics of Immigration. Journal of Economic Literature 32: 1667-1717.
11. Borjas, G.; Freeman, R.; and Katz, L. 1992. On the Labor Market Impacts of Immigration and Trade. In Immigration and the Work Force: Economic Consequences for the United States and Source Areas, edited by G. Borjas and R. B. Freeman. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
12. Bourguignon, F.; and Morrisson, C. 1998. Inequality and Development: The Role of Dualism. Journal of Development Economics 57 (2): 233-258.
13. Chenery, H. B.; Ahluwalia, M. S.; Bell, C. L. G.; Duloy, J. H.; and Jolly, R. 1974. Redistribution with Growth. London: Oxford University Press.
14. Davidson, Russell; and MacKinnon, James G. 1993. Estimation and Inference in Econometrics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
15. Davis, D. R. 1996. Trade Liberalization and Income Distribution. NBER Working Paper No. 5693 (August). Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research.
16. Deaton, A. S.; and Paxson, C. H. 1994. Intertemporal Choice and Inequality. Journal of Political Economy 102 (3): 437-467.
17. Deaton, A. S.; and Paxson, C. H. 1997. The Effects of Economic and Population Growth on National Saving and Inequality. Demography 34 (1): 97-114.
18. Deininger, K.; and Squire, L. 1996. A new Data Set Measuring Income Inequality. World Bank Economic Review 10: 565-591.
19. Deininger, K.; and Squire, L. 1998. New Ways of Looking at Old Issues: Inequality and Growth. Journal of Development Economics 57 (2): 259-288.
20. Easterlin, R. A. 1980. Birth and Fortune: The Impact of Numbers on Personal Welfare. New York: Basic Books.
21. Freeman, R. B. 1979. The Effects of Demographic Factors on Age-Earnings Profiles. Journal of Human Resources 14: 289-318.
22. Freeman, R. B. 1995. Are Your Wages Set in Beijing? Journal of Economic Perspectives 9: 15-32.
23. Gastil, R.; and Wright, L. 1988 -. Freedom in the World. Westport, CT: Greenwood Publishing Group.
24. Higgins, M.; and Williamson, J. G. 1999. Explaining Inequality the World Round: Cohort Size, Kuznets Curves and Openness. NBER Working Paper No. 7224 (June). Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research.
25. Judson, R.; and Owen, A. 1997. Estimating Dynamic Panel Data Models: A Practical Guide for Macroeconomists. Federal Reserve Board Finance and Economics Discussion Series. Washington, D. C. (Mimeographed)
26. Katz, L.; and Murphy, K. 1992. Changes in Relative Wages, 1963-1987: Supply and Demand Factors. Quarterly Journal of Economics 107: 35-78.
27. Kosters, M. H. 1994. An Overview of Changing Wage Patterns in the Labor Market. In Trade and Wages: Leveling Wages Down? edited by J. Bhagwati and M. H. Kosters. Washington, D. C.; AEI Press.
28. Kuznets, S. 1955. Economic Growth and Income Inequality. American Economic Review 45: 1-28.
29. Lam, David. 1997. Demographic Variables and Income Inequality. In Handbook of Population and Family Economics, edited by Mark R. Rosenzweig and Oded Stark, pp. 1015-1059. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science B. V.
30. Lawrence, L.; and Slaughter, M. 1993. International Trade and American Wages in the 1980s: Giant Sucking Sound or Small Hiccup? Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Microeconomics 2: 161-226.
31. Li, H.; Squire, L.; and Zhou, H. 1998. Explaining International and Intertemporal Variations in Income Inequality. Economic Journal 108: 26-43.
32. Lindert, P. H.; and Williamson, J. G. 2002. Does Globalization Make the World More Unequal? In Globalization in Historical Perspective, edited by M. Bordo, A. M. Taylor, and J. G. Williamson. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
33. Macunovich, D. J. 1998. Relative Cohort Size and Inequality in the United States. American Economic Review 88: 259-264.
34. Macunovich, D. J. 1999. The Fortune of One's Birth: Relative Cohort Size and the Youth Labor Market in the U. S. Journal of Population Economics 12: 215-272.
35. Murphy, K.; and Welch, F. 1992. The Structure of Wages. Quarterly Journal of Economics 107: 285-326.
36. Perotti, R. 1996. Growth, Income Distribution and Democracy. Journal of Economic Growth 1 : 149-187.
37. Richardson, J. D. 1995. Income Inequality and Trade: How to Think, What to Conclude. Journal of Economic Perspectives 9 : 33-55.
38. Robbins, D. 1996. Trade, Trade Liberalization and Inequality in Latin America and East Asia: Synthesis of Seven Countries. Harvard Institute for International Development, Cambridge, MA. (Mimeographed)
39. Robertson, R. 2001. Relative Prices and Wage Inequality: Evidence from Mexico. Unpublished paper (October). Macalester College, St. Paul, MN. 53p.
40. Rodriguez, F.; and Rodrik, D. 2001. Trade Policy and Economic Growth: A Skeptic's Guide to the Cross-National Evidence. In NBER Macroeconomics Annual 2000, Vol. 15, edited by B.S. Bernanke and K. Rogoff, pp. 261-325. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
41. Sachs, J.; and Warner, A. 1995. Economic Reform and the Process of Global Integration. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity 1 : 1-68.
42. Schultz, T. P. 1998. Inequality in the Distribution of Personal Income in the World: How It Is Changing and Why. Journal of Population Economics 11: 307-344.
43. Summers, R.; and Heston, A. 1991. The Penn World Table (Mark 5): An Expanded Set of International Comparisons, 1950-1988. Quarterly Journal of Economics 106: 327-368.
44. Summers, R.; and Heston, A. 1995. Penn World Table (Mark 5.6). Available on diskette from the National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA.
45. United Nations. Department of International Economic and Social Affairs. 1996a. Age and Sex Quinquennial. 1950-2050. New York: United Nations.
46. United Nations. Department of International Economic and Social Affairs. 1996b. Demographic Indicators, 1950-2050. New York: United Nations.
47. Welch, F. 1979. Effects of Cohort Size on Earnings: The Baby Boom Babies Financial Bust. Journal of Political Economy 87: S65-S97.
48. Williamson, J. G. 1997. Globalization and Inequality. Past and Present. World Bank Research Observer 12 (2): 117-135.
49. Williamson, J. G. 1998. Growth, Distribution, and Demography: Some Lessons from History. Explorations in Economic History 35 (3): 241-271.
50. Wood, A. 1994. North-South Trade, Employment and Inequality: Changing Fortunes in a Skill-Driven World. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
51. Wood, A. 1995. How Trade Hurt Unskilled Workers. Journal of Economic Perspectives 9 : 57-80.
52. World Bank. 1998. World Development Indicators: 1998. CD-ROM. Washington, D.C.