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Pseudorotaxanes have been defined as inclusion complexes in which a thread-like molecule is encircled by one or more ringlike molecules in such a way that the two ends of the thread are projected away from the center of the ring. In a rotaxane (Latin rota, wheel; axis, axle), the two ends of the thread are terminated by bulky groups which do not allow the passage of the ring - thus, the two (or more) components are mutually interlocked. The prefix pseudo denotes that in a pseudorotaxane the two components are not interlocked, but instead are free to dissociate because the end groups are small enough to allow passage of the ring. See, for example, ref. [28].
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c) D. B. Amabilino, P. L. Anelli, P. R. Ashton, G. R. Brown, E. Córdova, L. A. Godinez, W. Hayes, A. E. Kaifer, D. Philp, A. M. Z. Slawin, N. Spencer, J. F. Stoddart, M. S. Tolley, D. J. Williams, ibid. 1995, 117, 11142-11170;
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J. Am. Chem. Soc.
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-
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Amabilino, D.B.1
Anelli, P.L.2
Ashton, P.R.3
Brown, G.R.4
Córdova, E.5
Godinez, L.A.6
Hayes, W.7
Kaifer, A.E.8
Philp, D.9
Slawin, A.M.Z.10
Spencer, N.11
Stoddart, J.F.12
Tolley, M.S.13
Williams, D.J.14
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85
-
-
11944264464
-
-
d) P. R. Ashton, R. Ballardini, V. Balzani, A. Credi, M. T. Gandolfi, S. Menzer, L. Pérez-García, L. Prodi, J. F. Stoddart, M. Venturi, A. J. P. White, D. J. Williams, ibid. 1995, 117, 11171-11197.
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J. Am. Chem. Soc.
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Ashton, P.R.1
Ballardini, R.2
Balzani, V.3
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Gandolfi, M.T.5
Menzer, S.6
Pérez-García, L.7
Prodi, L.8
Stoddart, J.F.9
Venturi, M.10
White, A.J.P.11
Williams, D.J.12
-
86
-
-
84891333055
-
-
note
-
This situation may not be too surprising since the dialkylammonium ions are charged and need not be protonated by the matrix upon fast atom bombardment. Thus, peaks corresponding to the dialkylammonium ions and their (stronger) complexes may be expected to be more intense than those for protonated, but uncomplexed, crown ethers.
-
-
-
-
88
-
-
84891335907
-
-
note
-
1H NMR timescale at 400 MHz.
-
-
-
-
89
-
-
84891328142
-
-
3 are +0.19, -0.30, -0.25, and -0.23 ppm, respectively
-
3 are +0.19, -0.30, -0.25, and -0.23 ppm, respectively.
-
-
-
-
92
-
-
0002287255
-
-
(Eds.: H.-J. Schneider, H. Dürr), VCH, Weinheim
-
c) C. S. Wilcox in Frontiers in Supramolecular Organic Chemistry and Photochemistry, (Eds.: H.-J. Schneider, H. Dürr), VCH, Weinheim, 1991, 123-143;
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(1991)
Frontiers in Supramolecular Organic Chemistry and Photochemistry
, pp. 123-143
-
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Wilcox, C.S.1
-
93
-
-
84993845495
-
-
d) T. Wang, J. S. Bradshaw, R. M. Izatt, J. Heterocycl. Chem. 1994, 31, 1097-1114.
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(1994)
J. Heterocycl. Chem.
, vol.31
, pp. 1097-1114
-
-
Wang, T.1
Bradshaw, J.S.2
Izatt, R.M.3
-
94
-
-
77956813169
-
-
c and Δν is the limiting chemical shift difference (in Hz) between the coalescing signals in the absence of exchange
-
c and Δν is the limiting chemical shift difference (in Hz) between the coalescing signals in the absence of exchange.
-
-
-
-
95
-
-
84891308212
-
-
2O present in the solvent - once the dialkylammonium ion center is encircled by the crown ether.
-
2O present in the solvent - once the dialkylammonium ion center is encircled by the crown ether.
-
-
-
-
98
-
-
0000996533
-
-
a) D. B. Amabilino, I. W. Parsons, J. F Stoddart, Trends. Polym. Sci. 1994, 2, 146-152;
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(1994)
Trends. Polym. Sci.
, vol.2
, pp. 146-152
-
-
Amabilino, D.B.1
Parsons, I.W.2
Stoddart, J.F.3
-
99
-
-
84985426097
-
-
b) X. Sun, D. B. Amabilino, P. R. Ashton, I. W. Parsons, J. F. Stoddart, M. S. Tolley, Macromol. Symp. 1994, 77, 191-207;
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(1994)
Macromol. Symp.
, vol.77
, pp. 191-207
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-
Sun, X.1
Amabilino, D.B.2
Ashton, P.R.3
Parsons, I.W.4
Stoddart, J.F.5
Tolley, M.S.6
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100
-
-
25444441919
-
-
c) P. R. Ashton, J. A. Preece, J. F. Stoddart, M. S. Tolley, Synlett 1994, 789-792;
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(1994)
Synlett
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-
-
Ashton, P.R.1
Preece, J.A.2
Stoddart, J.F.3
Tolley, M.S.4
-
102
-
-
0002259505
-
-
e) P. R. Ashton, J. Huff, S. Menzer, I. W. Parsons, J. A. Preece, J. F. Stoddart, M. S. Tolley, A. J. P. White, D. J. Williams, Chem. Eur. J. 1996, 2, 31-44;
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(1996)
Chem. Eur. J.
, vol.2
, pp. 31-44
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-
Ashton, P.R.1
Huff, J.2
Menzer, S.3
Parsons, I.W.4
Preece, J.A.5
Stoddart, J.F.6
Tolley, M.S.7
White, A.J.P.8
Williams, D.J.9
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104
-
-
0001654880
-
-
g) H. W. Gibson, S. Liu, P. Lecavalier, C. Wu, Y. X. Shen, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 852-874.
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J. Am. Chem. Soc.
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-
-
Gibson, H.W.1
Liu, S.2
Lecavalier, P.3
Wu, C.4
Shen, Y.X.5
-
105
-
-
0023249018
-
-
Polyamine/polyammonium polymers are known
-
Polyamine/polyammonium polymers are known: a) T. Perner, R. C. Schultz, Br. Polym. J. 1987, 19, 181-188;
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Br. Polym. J.
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, pp. 181-188
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-
Perner, T.1
Schultz, R.C.2
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107
-
-
85023296576
-
-
a determination of a different kind has been reported by
-
a determination of a different kind has been reported by J. C. Adrian, Jr., C. S. Wilcox, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 678-680.
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(1991)
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
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, pp. 678-680
-
-
Adrian Jr., J.C.1
Wilcox, C.S.2
-
108
-
-
49949144245
-
-
The Gutmann donor number provides a semiquantitative measurement of the ability of a solvent to donate its electrons in a noncovalent bond
-
The Gutmann donor number provides a semiquantitative measurement of the ability of a solvent to donate its electrons in a noncovalent bond: a) V. Gutmann, E. Wychera, Inorg. Nucl. Chem. Lett. 1966, 2, 257-260;
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(1966)
Inorg. Nucl. Chem. Lett.
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, pp. 257-260
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Gutmann, V.1
Wychera, E.2
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110
-
-
33845554394
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M. J. Blandamer, J. Burgess, R. E. Robertson, J. M. W. Scott, Chem. Rev. 1982, 82, 259-286.
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(1982)
Chem. Rev.
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, pp. 259-286
-
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Blandamer, M.J.1
Burgess, J.2
Robertson, R.E.3
Scott, J.M.W.4
-
111
-
-
84891284531
-
-
p
-
p.
-
-
-
-
112
-
-
33751552981
-
-
a) D. A. Stauffer, R. E. Barrans, Jr., D. A. Dougherty, J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 2762-2767;
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(1990)
J. Org. Chem.
, vol.55
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-
Stauffer, D.A.1
Barrans Jr., R.E.2
Dougherty, D.A.3
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113
-
-
0028026764
-
-
b) B. W. Gung, M. A. Wolf, D. A. Mareska, C. A. Brockway, ibid. 1994, 59, 4895-4898;
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(1994)
J. Org. Chem.
, vol.59
, pp. 4895-4898
-
-
Gung, B.W.1
Wolf, M.A.2
Mareska, D.A.3
Brockway, C.A.4
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115
-
-
0029064484
-
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H. Naghibi, A. Tamura, J. M. Sturtevant, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1995, 92, 5597-5599.
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Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
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, pp. 5597-5599
-
-
Naghibi, H.1
Tamura, A.2
Sturtevant, J.M.3
-
116
-
-
0027375960
-
-
It seems that from the recent number of publications dealing with significant heat capacity effects in host - guest chemistry, chemists should include this effect routinely in thermodynamic studies on such systems. When one is aware of the effect a nonnegligible heat capacity can have on a van't Hoff plot (i.e., curvature), one can see this effect in the literature for a number of plots - although the data points appear to be aligned along a curve, a straight line of best fit is used with a reasonably accurate "R" value. See, for example
-
It seems that from the recent number of publications dealing with significant heat capacity effects in host - guest chemistry, chemists should include this effect routinely in thermodynamic studies on such systems. When one is aware of the effect a nonnegligible heat capacity can have on a van't Hoff plot (i.e., curvature), one can see this effect in the literature for a number of plots - although the data points appear to be aligned along a curve, a straight line of best fit is used with a reasonably accurate "R" value. See, for example,: a) K. Araki, K. Inada, H. Otsuka, S. Shinkai, Tetrahedron 1993, 49, 9465-9478;
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(1993)
Tetrahedron
, vol.49
, pp. 9465-9478
-
-
Araki, K.1
Inada, K.2
Otsuka, H.3
Shinkai, S.4
-
117
-
-
0000827044
-
-
b) K. I. Goldberg, J. Y. Yan, E. M. Breitung, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 6889-6896;
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(1995)
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
, vol.117
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-
-
Goldberg, K.I.1
Yan, J.Y.2
Breitung, E.M.3
-
118
-
-
0001740220
-
-
c) J. T. Davis, S. Tirumala, J. R. Jenssen, E. Radier, D. Fabris, J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 4167-4176.
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(1995)
J. Org. Chem.
, vol.60
, pp. 4167-4176
-
-
Davis, J.T.1
Tirumala, S.2
Jenssen, J.R.3
Radier, E.4
Fabris, D.5
-
121
-
-
84985161731
-
-
2]2 dication in the solid state. See
-
+ dication in the solid state. See H. M. Colquhoun, S. M. Doughty, J. M. Maud, J. F. Stoddart, D. J. Williams, J. B. Wolstenholme, Isr. J. Chem. 1985, 25, 15-26.
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Isr. J. Chem.
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-
-
Colquhoun, H.M.1
Doughty, S.M.2
Maud, J.M.3
Stoddart, J.F.4
Williams, D.J.5
Wolstenholme, J.B.6
-
122
-
-
84891333924
-
-
b, δ = 3.45
-
b, δ = 3.45.
-
-
-
-
123
-
-
34547947364
-
-
a) P. R. Ashton, M. Bělohradský, D. Philp, J. F. Stoddart, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1993, 1269-1274;
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(1993)
J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun.
, pp. 1269-1274
-
-
Ashton, P.R.1
Bělohradský, M.2
Philp, D.3
Stoddart, J.F.4
-
124
-
-
37049074703
-
-
b) P. R. Ashton, M. Bělohradský, D. Philp, N. Spencer, J. F. Stoddart, ibid. 1993, 1274-1277;
-
(1993)
J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun.
, pp. 1274-1277
-
-
Ashton, P.R.1
Bělohradský, M.2
Philp, D.3
Spencer, N.4
Stoddart, J.F.5
-
125
-
-
37049080685
-
-
c) D. B. Amabilino, P. R. Ashton, M. Bělohradský, F. M. Raymo, J. F. Stoddart, ibid. 1995, 747-750;
-
(1995)
J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun.
, pp. 747-750
-
-
Amabilino, D.B.1
Ashton, P.R.2
Bělohradský, M.3
Raymo, F.M.4
Stoddart, J.F.5
-
126
-
-
0040300806
-
-
D. B. Amabilino, P. R. Ashton, M. Bělohradský, F. M. Raymo, J. F. Stoddart, ibid. 1995, 751-753.
-
(1995)
J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun.
, pp. 751-753
-
-
Amabilino, D.B.1
Ashton, P.R.2
Bělohradský, M.3
Raymo, F.M.4
Stoddart, J.F.5
-
127
-
-
84891279279
-
-
2 are +0.18, -0.03, -0.12, -0.31, and -0.43 ppm, respectively
-
2 are +0.18, -0.03, -0.12, -0.31, and -0.43 ppm, respectively.
-
-
-
-
130
-
-
0029117927
-
-
c) M. Nishio, Y. Umezawa, M. Hirota, Y. Takeuchi, ibid. 1995, 51, 8665-8701.
-
(1995)
Tetrahedron
, vol.51
, pp. 8665-8701
-
-
Nishio, M.1
Umezawa, Y.2
Hirota, M.3
Takeuchi, Y.4
-
131
-
-
0028470874
-
-
a) A. Harada, J. Li, M. Kamachi, Nature (London) 1994, 370, 126-128;
-
(1994)
Nature (London)
, vol.370
, pp. 126-128
-
-
Harada, A.1
Li, J.2
Kamachi, M.3
-
133
-
-
84891329026
-
-
2+ dication
-
2+ dication.
-
-
-
-
134
-
-
84871020737
-
-
Versions 4.02 and 5.03 Siemens Analytical X-Ray Instruments, Madison, WI
-
G. M. Sheldrick, SHELXTL Versions 4.02 (1990) and 5.03 (1994), Siemens Analytical X-Ray Instruments, Madison, WI.
-
(1990)
SHELXTL
-
-
Sheldrick, G.M.1
|