Spatial patterns of diagenesis during geothermal circulation in carbonate platforms

American Journal of Science

Volumn 301, Issue 8, 2001, Pages 727-752

  Wilson, Alicia M ^a,b   Sanford, Ward ^a   Whitaker, Fiona ^c   Smart, Peter ^c  

^a U S GEOLOGICAL SURVEY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0037793017     PISSN: 00029599     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2475/ajs.301.8.727     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Adams, J. E., and Rhodes, M. L., 1960, Dolomitization by seepage reflux: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 44, p. 1912-1920.
2. Arvidson, R. S., and Mackenzie, F. T., 1999, The dolomite problem: Control of precipitation kinetics by temperature and saturation state: American Journal of Science, v. 299, p. 257-288.
3. Badiozamani, K., 1973, The dorag dolomitization model - application to the Middle Ordovician of Wisconsin: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 43, p. 965-984.
4. Baker, P. A., and Kastner, M., 1981, Constraints on the formation of sedimentary dolomite: Science, v. 213, p. 214-216.
5. Bethke, C. M., 1996, Geochemical reaction modeling: New York, Oxford University Press, 397 p.
6. Bolton, E. W., Lasaga, A. C., and Rye, D. M., 1996, A model for the kinetic control of quartz dissolution and precipitation in porsou media flow with spatially variable permeability: Formulation and examples of thermal convection: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 101B, p. 22,157-122,187.
7. Budd, D. A., 1997, Cenozoic dolomites of carbonate islands: their attributes and origin: Earth-Science Reviews, v. 42, p. 1-47.
8. Davis, S. J., Rosenblat, S., Wood, J.R., and Hewett, T.A., 1985, Convective fluid flow and diagenetic patterns in domed sheets: American Journal of Science, v. 285, p. 207-223.
9. Dworkin, S. I., and Land, L. S., 1994, Petrographic and geochemical constraints on the formation and diagenesis of anhydrite cements. Smackover sandstones, Gulf of Mexico: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. A64, p. 339-348.
10. Fanning, K. A., Byrne, R. H., Breland, J. A., and Betzer, P. R., 1981, Geothermal springs of the west Florida continental shelf: evidence for dolomitization and radionuclide enrichment: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 52, p. 345-354.
11. Gelhar, L. W., Welty, C., and Rehfeldt, K. R., 1992, A critical review of data on field-scale dispersion in aquifers: Water Resources Research, v. 28, p. 1955-1974.
12. Goldhammer, R. K., 1997, Compaction and decompaction algorithms for sedimentary carbonates: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 67, p. 26-35.
13. Goldstein, R. H., 1996, Dolomite from reflux of moderate salinity brine, Enewetak Atoll [abstract]: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 5, p. 54.
14. Gouze, P., Coudrain-Ribstein, A., and Bernard, D., 1994, Computation of porosity redistribution resulting from thermal convection in slanted porous layers: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 99, no. B1, p. 697-706.
15. Hanor, J. S., 1988, Origin and migration of subsurface sedimentary brines: SEPM Short Course #21: Tulsa, Oklahoma, Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM), 247 p.
16. Hardie, L. A., 1987, Dolomitization: A critical view of some current views: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 57, p. 166-183.
17. Helgeson, H. C., Knox, A. M., Owens, C. E., and Shock, E. L., 1993, Petroleum, oil field waters, and authigenic mineral assemblages: Are they in metastable equilibrium in hydrocarbon reservoirs?: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 57, p. 3295-3339.
18. Jones, G. D., ms, 2000, Numerical modelling of saline groundwater circulation in carbonate platforms: Ph.D. thesis, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, 330 p.
19. Jones, G., Whitaker, F., Smart, P. L., and Sanford, W., 2000, Numerical modelling of geothermal and reflux circulation in Enewetak Atoll: Implications for dolomitization: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 69-70, p. 71-75.
20. Kendall, A. C., and Walters, K. L., 1977, The age of metasomatic anhydrite in Mississippian reservoir carbonates, southeastern Sasketchewan: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 15, p. 424-430.
21. Kohout, F. A., Henry, H. R., and Banks, J. E., 1977, Hydrogeology related to geothermal conditions of the Floridan Plateau, in Smith, D. L., and Griffen, G. M., editors, The geothermal nature of the Florida Plateau: State of Florida Department of Natural Resources, Special Publication 21, p. 1-41.
22. Land, L. S., 1998, Failure to precipitate dolomite at 25°C from dilute solution despite 1000-fold oversaturation after 32 years: Aquatic Geochemistry, v. 4, p. 361-368.
23. Leclerc, A.-M., Jean-Baptiste, P., and Texier, D., 1999, Density-induced water circulations in atoll coral reefs: A numerical study: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 44, p. 1268-1281.
24. Lee, M. K., and Bethke, C. M., 1994, Groundwater flow, late cementation and petroleum accumulation in the Permian Lyons Sandstone, Denver Basin: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin v 78 p.217-237.
25. Lichtner, P.C., 1996, Continuum formulation of multicomponent-multiphase reactive transport, in Lichtner, P. C., Steefel, C. I., and Oelkers, E. H., editors, Reactive transport in porous media: Reviews in Mineralogy, v. 34, 438 p.
26. Lucia, F. J., 1995, Rock-fabric/Petrophysical classification of carbonate pore space for reservoir characterization: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 79, p. 1275-1300.
27. Machet, H-G., 1986, Early lithification, dolomitization, and anhydritization of Upper Devonian Nisku buildups, subsurface of Alberta, Canada, in Schroeder, J. H., and Burser, B. H., editors, Reef Diagenesis: Berlin-Heidelberg, Springer, p. 336-356.
28. Machel, H-G., and Mountjoy, E. W., 1986, Chemistry and environments of dolomitization - a reappraisal: Earth Science Reviews, v. 23, p. 175-202.
29. Morrow, D. W., 1982, Diagenesis 2. Dolomite - Part 2: Dolomitization models and ancient dolostones: Geoscience Canada, v. 9, p. 95-107.
30. Oelkers, E. H., 1996, Physical and chemical properties of rocks and fluids for chemical mass transport calculations, in Lichtner, P. C., Steefel, C. I., and Oelkers, E. H., editors, Reactive transport in porous media: Reviews in Mineralogy, v. 34, 438 p.
31. Patterson R. J., and Kinsman, J. J., 1982, Formation of diagenetic dolomite in coastal sabkha along Arabian (Persian) Gulf: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 66, p. 28-43.
32. Paull, C. K., Fullagar, P. D., Bralower, T. J., and Rohl, U., 1995, Seawater ventilation of mid-Pacific guyots drilled during Leg 143, in Winterer, E. L., Firth, J. V., and Sinton, J. M., editors, Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, v. 143: College Station, Texas, Ocean Drilling Program, p. 231-241.
33. Perrochet, P., and Tacher, L., 1997, Mathematical modeling of hydro-thermal processes in Mururoa atoll, Research report: Lausanne, Laboratoire de Géologie (GEOLEP), 77 p.
34. Phillips, O. M., 1991, Flow and reactions in permeable rocks: New York, Cambridge University Press, 285 p.
35. Raffensperger, J. P., 1996, Numerical simulation of sedimentary basin-scale hydrochemical processes, in Corapcioglu, M. Y., editor, Advances in Porous Media, v. 3: Amsterdam, Elsevier, p. 185-305.
36. Sailer, A. H., 1984, Petrologic and geochemical constraints on the origin of subsurface dolomite, Enewetak Atoll: an example of dolomitization by normal seawater: Geology, v. 12, p. 217-220.
37. Sanford, W. E., Whitaker, F. F., Smart, P. L., and Jones, G., 1998, Numerical analysis of seawater circulation in carbonate platforms: I. Geothermal convection: American Journal of Science, v. 298, p. 801-828.
38. Schlangen S. O., 1963, Subsurface geology of Eniwetok Atoll: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 260-BB, p. 991-1066.
39. Schmoker, J. W., and Halley, R. B., 1982, Carbonate porosity versus depth: A predictable relation for South Florida: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 66, p. 2561-2570.
40. Shipboard Scientific Party, 1997, Leg synthesis: sea-level changes and fluid flow on the Great Bahama Bank slope, in Eberli, G.P., Swart, P.K., Malone, M.J., and others, Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Initial Reports, v. 166: College Station, Texas (Ocean Drilling Program), p. 13-22.
41. Simms, M., 1984, Dolomitization by groundwater-flow systems in carbonate platforms: Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions, v. 34, p. 411-420.
42. Steefel, C. I., and Lasaga, A. C., 1994, A coupled model for transport of multiple chemical species and kinetic precipitation/dissolution reactions with application to reactive (low in single phase hydrothermal systems: American Journal of Science, v. 294, p. 529-592.
43. Steefel, C. I., and Van Cappellen, P., 1990, A new kinetic approach to modeling water-rock interaction; the role of nucleation, and Ostwald ripening: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 54, p. 2657-2677.
44. Teal, C. S., Mazzullo, S. J., and Bischoff, W. D., 2000, Dolomitization of Holocene shallow-marine deposits mediated by sulfate reduction and methanogenesis in normal-salinity seawater, northern Belize: Journal of Sedimentary Rescarch, v. 70, p. 649-663.
45. Vasconcelos, C., and McKenzie, J.A., 1997, Microbial mediation of modern dolomite precipitation and diagenesis under anoxic conditions (Lagoa Vermelha, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil): Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 67, p. 387-390.
46. Weyl, P. K., 1960, Porosity through dolomitization: conservation-of-mass requirements: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 30, p. 85-90.
47. Whitaker, F. F., Smart, P. L., Vahrenkamp, V. C., Nicholson, H., and Wogelius, R. A., 1994, Dolomitisation by near-normal sea water? Evidence from the Bahamas, in Purser, B., Tucker, M., and Zenger, D., editors, Dolomites, a Volume in Honour of Dolomieu: International Association of Sedimentologists Special Publication 21, p. 111-132.
48. White, A. F., and Peterson, M. L., 1990, Role of reactive surface area characterization in geochemical kinetic models, m Melchior, D. C., and Bassett, R. L., editors, Chemical Modelling of Aqueous Systems II: American Chemical Society Symposium Series, v. 416, p. 461-475.
49. Wilson, A. M., Sanford, W., Whitaker, F., and Smart, P., 2000, Geothermal convection: A mechanism for dolomitization at Enewetak Atoll?: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 69, p. 41-45.
50. Wilson, E. N., Hardie, L. A., and Phillips, O. M., 1990, Dolomitization front geometry, fluid flow patterns and the origin of massive dolomite: the triassic Latemar buildup, Northern Italy: American Journal of Science, v. 290, p. 741-796.
51. Wood, J. R., and Hewett, T. A., 1982, Fluid convection and mass transfer in porous sandstones: a theoretical model: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 46, p. 1707-1713.