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0005142467
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Bottom scattering strengths measured using explosive sources in the Critical Sea Test program
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Measurement technique for bottom scattering in shallow water
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Bottom backscattering near grazing incidence in shallow water
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0035205897
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9
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0028184332
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Scattering from a rough sedimental seafloor containing shear and layering
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10
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33646601683
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Bottom backscattering measured off the south Carolina coast during Littoral Warfare Advanced Development Focused Technology Experiment 96-2
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Washington, DC, 28 April
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R. J. Soukup and P. M. Ogden, "Bottom backscattering measured off the south Carolina coast during Littoral Warfare Advanced Development Focused Technology Experiment 96-2," Naval Research Laboratory Memorandum Report 7140-97-7905, Washington, DC, 28 April, 1997.
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Soukup, R.J.1
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11
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33646628037
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Bottom backscattering measured off the Carolina coast during the Littoral Warfare Advanced Development System Concept Validation Experiment 97 (LWAD SCV 97)
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Washington, DC, 15 June
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R. J. Soukup, "Bottom backscattering measured off the Carolina coast during the Littoral Warfare Advanced Development System Concept Validation Experiment 97 (LWAD SCV 97)," Naval Research Laboratory Report 7140-98-9885, Washington, DC, 15 June, 1998.
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Soukup, R.J.1
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12
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33646628226
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Bottom backscattering measured off the Carolina coast during the Littoral Warfare Advanced Development 98-4 experiment
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Washington DC, 26 February
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E. L. Kunz, "Bottom backscattering measured off the Carolina coast during the Littoral Warfare Advanced Development 98-4 experiment," Naval Research Laboratory Memorandum Report 7140-99-8339, Washington DC, 26 February, 1999.
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Kunz, E.L.1
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13
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33646618081
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Lithology of rocks dredged from the Blake Plateau
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Duke University
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Pratt, R.N.1
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14
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0005232592
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BiRASP - The bistatic range-dependent active system performance prediction model
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Washington, DC, 30 September
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Fromm, D.M.1
Crockett, J.P.2
Palmer, L.B.3
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15
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33646617131
-
-
note
-
The term "slope correction" is used in Refs. 16-18. We prefer the term "reverberation decay correction" because "slope correction" has also been used to describe corrections for the physical slope of the bottom (e.g., Ref. 28).
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-
-
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16
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0038213494
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Scattering strengths cannot depend on the length of a pulse
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F. S. Henyey, E. I. Thorsos, and K. M. Nathwani, "Scattering strengths cannot depend on the length of a pulse," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 98, 2986-2987 (1995).
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Henyey, F.S.1
Thorsos, E.I.2
Nathwani, K.M.3
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17
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0038213490
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Deriving scattering strengths from nonstationary time-series data: A comparison of low-frequency surface-backscattering strengths using both impulsive and coherent sources
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R. C. Gauss, P. M. Ogden, J. B. Chester, and J. M. Fialkowski, "Deriving scattering strengths from nonstationary time-series data: A comparison of low-frequency surface-backscattering strengths using both impulsive and coherent sources," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 97, 3403 (1995).
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Gauss, R.C.1
Ogden, P.M.2
Chester, J.B.3
Fialkowski, J.M.4
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18
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33646609906
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Acoustic surface interaction: Advances under the Critical Sea Test program
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in preparation
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R. C. Gauss, E. I. Thorsos, and F. S. Henyey, "Acoustic surface interaction: Advances under the Critical Sea Test program," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. (in preparation).
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J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
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Gauss, R.C.1
Thorsos, E.I.2
Henyey, F.S.3
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19
-
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33646602374
-
-
note
-
For these data, the significant reverberation decay corrections correspond to the change in physical mechanism at the critical angle. Reverberation decay corrections at angles below the critical angle are less than 2 dB. However, for longer pulse durations there would have been significant reverberation decay corrections over a wide range of grazing angles. For example, using a 50 ms signal instead of a 10 ms signal would increase the product of the slope and the pulse duration (the x-axis values in Fig. 7) by a factor of 5, leading to much larger reverberation decay corrections that would have been driven by the magnitude of the reverberation decay over the pulse interval.
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-
-
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20
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5744249209
-
Equation of state calculations by fast computing machines
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N. Metropolis, A. W. Rosenbluth, M. N. Rosenbluth, A. H. Teller, and E. Teller, "Equation of state calculations by fast computing machines," J. Chem. Phys. 21, 1087-1092 (1953).
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Teller, E.5
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21
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26444479778
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Optimization by simulated annealing
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0026614496
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Nonlinear inversion for ocean-bottom properties
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23
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0029361228
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Efficient navigation of parameter landscapes
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Fishman, L.2
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24
-
-
33646598903
-
-
note
-
Perturbation theory is perfectly adequate for many applications involving elastic bottoms [including limestone, when the frequency range is not too great (Ref. 8)]. For this case, we thought it prudent to use the more accurate small-slope theory because, though the theoretical advantage may be only marginal, the success or failure of an inversion algorithm can hinge on such minutiae.
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-
-
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25
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-
33646608953
-
-
note
-
We have been unable to explain this ripple. Its origins may lie in the deviation of the bottom characteristics from simple rough limestone. We do know that it occurs in grazing angle regimes that correspond to times before the arrivals of any multipaths, which excludes multipaths as the cause.
-
-
-
-
26
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0001166781
-
Simulated annealing operations over continuous space
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W. H. Press and S. A. Teukolsky, "Simulated annealing operations over continuous space," Comput. Phys. 5, 426-429 (1991).
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Press, W.H.1
Teukolsky, S.A.2
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27
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0004161838
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Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
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W. H. Press, B. P. Flannery, S. A. Teukolsky, and W. T. Vetterling, Numerical Recipes, 2nd ed. (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1986).
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Press, W.H.1
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Vetterling, W.T.4
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28
-
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0027338462
-
Estimation of seafloor microtopographic roughness through modeling of acoustic backscatter data recorded by multibeam sonar systems
-
H. Matsumoto, R. P. Dziak, and C. G. Fox, "Estimation of seafloor microtopographic roughness through modeling of acoustic backscatter data recorded by multibeam sonar systems" J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 94, 2776-2787 (1993).
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Matsumoto, H.1
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Fox, C.G.3
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29
-
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33646608347
-
Theory and numerical modeling of lowfrequency acoustic scattering from bubble plumes near the sea surface
-
Washington, DC, 18 December, Appendix D
-
R. F. Gragg and D. Wurmser, "Theory and numerical modeling of lowfrequency acoustic scattering from bubble plumes near the sea surface," Naval Research Laboratory Report 7140-92-9391, Washington, DC, 18 December 1992, Appendix D.
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Naval Research Laboratory Report 7140-92-9391
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Gragg, R.F.1
Wurmser, D.2
-
30
-
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33646629581
-
-
note
-
We have confirmed this assertion directly. It is traceable to the fact that simplex-based algorithms are virtually coordinate independent.
-
-
-
-
31
-
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84953679226
-
s and Poisson's ratios in marine sediments and rocks
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Table III
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s and Poisson's ratios in marine sediments and rocks," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 66, 272-280 (1979), Table III.
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J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
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Hamilton, E.L.1
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32
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0004097995
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Pergamon, New York
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L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifschitz, Theory of Elasticity, 3rd ed. (Pergamon, New York, 1986), p. 10.
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Landau, L.D.1
Lifschitz, E.M.2
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33
-
-
0037538084
-
Internal friction of fine-grained limestones at ultrasonic frequencies
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L. Peselnick and I. Zietez, "Internal friction of fine-grained limestones at ultrasonic frequencies," Geophysics 24, 285-296 (1959).
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Peselnick, L.1
Zietez, I.2
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34
-
-
33646618257
-
Elastic coefficients of Solenhofen limestone and their dependence upon density and saturation
-
Table I
-
L. Peselnick, "Elastic coefficients of Solenhofen limestone and their dependence upon density and saturation," J. Geophys. Res. 67, 4441-4448 (1962), Table I.
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Peselnick, L.1
-
35
-
-
33646619682
-
-
note
-
As θ→90°, the situation grows more complicated: specular effects will appear in the data, but the model simulates only nonspecular scattering.
-
-
-
-
36
-
-
33646601281
-
-
note
-
4θ. However, indications are that this behavior would only be seen at very small angles, below about 5°. We do not emphasize this because (1) we have no data at such angles and (2) the theory that we are using has limited applicability at these grazing angles because it does not include shadowing.
-
-
-
-
37
-
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0022535408
-
Application of the composite roughness model to high-frequency bottom scattering
-
D. R. Jackson, D. P. Winebrenner, and A. Ishimaru, "Application of the composite roughness model to high-frequency bottom scattering," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 79, 1410-1422 (1986).
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Jackson, D.R.1
Winebrenner, D.P.2
Ishimaru, A.3
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