메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 6, Issue 2, 2003, Pages 363-376

Fungal diseases of birds of prey

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMPHOTERICIN B; ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; ANTIFUNGAL AGENT; CHLORHEXIDINE; CLOTRIMAZOLE; COPPER SULFATE; CORTICOSTEROID; CRYSTAL VIOLET; DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE; DISINFECTANT AGENT; ENILCONAZOLE; FLUCONAZOLE; FLUCYTOSINE; FLUOCINOLONE ACETONIDE; GLUCOCORTICOID; GRISEOFULVIN; ITRACONAZOLE; KETOCONAZOLE; LUGOL; MICONAZOLE; NYSTATIN; PYRROLE DERIVATIVE; TERBINAFINE; TOXIN;

EID: 0037672786     PISSN: 10949194     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1094-9194(03)00004-5     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (44)

References (65)
  • 1
    • 0038286055 scopus 로고
    • Evolution, classification, and zoogeography
    • Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution
    • Johnsgard PA. Evolution, classification, and zoogeography. In: Hawks eagles and falcons of North America. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution; 1990. p. 3-21.
    • (1990) Hawks Eagles and Falcons of North America , pp. 3-21
    • Johnsgard, P.A.1
  • 4
    • 0006557291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Raptors
    • Altman RB, Clubb SL, Dorrestein GM, et al, editors. Philadelphia: WD Saunders Company
    • Redig PT. Raptors. In: Altman RB, Clubb SL, Dorrestein GM, et al, editors. Avian medicine and surgery. Philadelphia: WD Saunders Company; 1997. p. 918-28.
    • (1997) Avian Medicine and Surgery , pp. 918-928
    • Redig, P.T.1
  • 5
    • 0014662402 scopus 로고
    • Some diseases of birds of prey
    • Cooper JE. Some diseases of birds of prey. Vet Rec 1969;84:454-7.
    • (1969) Vet. Rec. , vol.84 , pp. 454-457
    • Cooper, J.E.1
  • 7
    • 0037610689 scopus 로고
    • Mycotic infections of birds of prey
    • Fowler ME, editor. 2nd edition. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company
    • Redig PT. Mycotic infections of birds of prey. In: Fowler ME, editor. Zoo and wild animal medicine. 2nd edition. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company; 1986. p. 420-5.
    • (1986) Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine , pp. 420-425
    • Redig, P.T.1
  • 8
    • 0003386567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Veterinary medicine, falcons, and falconry in the Middle East
    • Tampa, FL, Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Association of Avian Veterinarians
    • Samour J. Veterinary medicine, falcons, and falconry in the Middle East. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Association of Avian Veterinarians, Tampa, FL, 1996; 233-9.
    • (1996) , pp. 233-239
    • Samour, J.1
  • 10
    • 0021310655 scopus 로고
    • Severe disseminated aspergillosis in a captive Abyssinian tawny eagle (Aquila rapax raptor)
    • Fatunmbi OO, Bankole A. Severe disseminated aspergillosis in a captive Abyssinian tawny eagle (Aquila rapax raptor). J Wildl Dis 1984;20:52-4.
    • (1984) J. Wildl. Dis. , vol.20 , pp. 52-54
    • Fatunmbi, O.O.1    Bankole, A.2
  • 12
    • 0002200802 scopus 로고
    • Mycoses
    • Ritchie BW, Harrison GJ, Harrison LR, editors. Lake Worth, FL: Wingers Publishing
    • Bauck L. Mycoses. In: Ritchie BW, Harrison GJ, Harrison LR, editors. Avian medicine: principles and application. Lake Worth, FL: Wingers Publishing; 1994. p. 997-1006.
    • (1994) Avian Medicine: Principles and Application , pp. 997-1006
    • Bauck, L.1
  • 13
    • 0000193517 scopus 로고
    • Avian aspergillosis
    • Fowler ME, editor. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company
    • Redig PT. Avian aspergillosis. In: Fowler ME, editor. Zoo and wild animal medicine, current therapy 3. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company; 1993. p. 178-81.
    • (1993) Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine, Current Therapy 3 , pp. 178-181
    • Redig, P.T.1
  • 14
    • 0037610687 scopus 로고
    • Birds of prey
    • Beynon PH, Cooper JE, editors. Ames (IA): Iowa State University Press
    • Forbes NA. Birds of prey. In: Beynon PH, Cooper JE, editors. Manual of exotic pets. Ames (IA): Iowa State University Press; 1991. p. 212-20.
    • (1991) Manual of Exotic Pets , pp. 212-220
    • Forbes, N.A.1
  • 15
    • 85031165531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiologic effects of captivity and transport on small passerines
    • Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Association of Avian Veterinarians, St. Paul, MN
    • Work TM, Massey JG, Johnson L, et al. Physiologic effects of captivity and transport on small passerines. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Association of Avian Veterinarians, St. Paul, MN, 1998;175-81.
    • (1998) , pp. 175-181
    • Work, T.M.1    Massey, J.G.2    Johnson, L.3
  • 16
    • 0038286133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aspergillus blepharitis and dermatitis in a peregrine falcon-gryfalcon hybrid (Falco peregrinus X Falco rusticolus)
    • Abrams GA, Paul-Murphy J, Ramer JC, et al. Aspergillus blepharitis and dermatitis in a peregrine falcon-gryfalcon hybrid (Falco peregrinus X Falco rusticolus). Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery 2001;15:114-20.
    • (2001) Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery , vol.15 , pp. 114-120
    • Abrams, G.A.1    Paul-Murphy, J.2    Ramer, J.C.3
  • 17
    • 0008450024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic-impregnated polymethyl methacarylate beads in the treatment of bumblefoot in raptors
    • Lumeij JT, Remple D, Redig PT, et al, editors. Lake Worth, FL: Zoological Education Network, Inc
    • Remple JD, Forbes NA. Antibiotic-impregnated polymethyl methacarylate beads in the treatment of bumblefoot in raptors. In: Lumeij JT, Remple D, Redig PT, et al, editors. Raptor biomedicine III including bibliography of diseases of birds of prey. Lake Worth, FL: Zoological Education Network, Inc.; 2000. p. 255-63.
    • (2000) Raptor Biomedicine III Including Bibliography of Diseases of Birds of Prey , pp. 255-263
    • Remple, J.D.1    Forbes, N.A.2
  • 18
    • 0028465514 scopus 로고
    • Aspergillus fumigatus keratitis with intraocular invasion in 15 day-old chicks
    • Beckman BJ, Howe CW, Trampel DW, et al. Aspergillus fumigatus keratitis with intraocular invasion in 15 day-old chicks. Avian Dis 1994;38:660-5.
    • (1994) Avian Dis. , vol.38 , pp. 660-665
    • Beckman, B.J.1    Howe, C.W.2    Trampel, D.W.3
  • 19
    • 0038286054 scopus 로고
    • Itraconazole treatment of pulmonary, ocular, and uropygeal aspergillosis and candidiasis in birds
    • Proceedings of the American Association of Zoo Veterinarians, South Padre Island, TX
    • Hines RS, Sharket P, Friday RB. Itraconazole treatment of pulmonary, ocular, and uropygeal aspergillosis and candidiasis in birds. Proceedings of the American Association of Zoo Veterinarians, South Padre Island, TX, 1990;322-6.
    • (1990) , pp. 322-326
    • Hines, R.S.1    Sharket, P.2    Friday, R.B.3
  • 20
    • 0038286053 scopus 로고
    • An unusual case of spinal aspergillosis in a Mexican red headed Amazon parrot Amazona viridigenalis
    • Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Association of Avian Veterinarians
    • Rosskopf WJ, Woerpel RW. An unusual case of spinal aspergillosis in a Mexican red headed Amazon parrot Amazona viridigenalis. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Association of Avian Veterinarians 1995;351-5.
    • (1995) , pp. 351-355
    • Rosskopf, W.J.1    Woerpel, R.W.2
  • 21
    • 0037610684 scopus 로고
    • Leg paresis in a black palm cockatoo (Probosciger aterrimus) caused by aspergillosis
    • Greenacre CB, Latimer KS, Ritchie BW. Leg paresis in a black palm cockatoo (Probosciger aterrimus) caused by aspergillosis. J Zoo Wildl Med 1992;23:122-6.
    • (1992) J. Zoo Wildl. Med. , vol.23 , pp. 122-126
    • Greenacre, C.B.1    Latimer, K.S.2    Ritchie, B.W.3
  • 22
    • 0029739508 scopus 로고
    • Responsiveness of the glucocorticoid-suppressed pituitary-adrenocortical system of pigeons (Columba livia domestica) to stimulation with arginine vasopressin
    • Westerhof I, den Brom V, Mol JA. Responsiveness of the glucocorticoid-suppressed pituitary-adrenocortical system of pigeons (Columba livia domestica) to stimulation with arginine vasopressin. Avian Dis 1995;40:312-20.
    • (1995) Avian Dis. , vol.40 , pp. 312-320
    • Westerhof, I.1    den Brom, V.2    Mol, J.A.3
  • 25
    • 0028030143 scopus 로고
    • Bacterial and fungal flora in healthy eyes of birds of prey
    • Dupont C, Carrier M, Higgins R. Bacterial and fungal flora in healthy eyes of birds of prey. Can Vet J 1994;35:699-701.
    • (1994) Can. Vet. J. , vol.35 , pp. 699-701
    • Dupont, C.1    Carrier, M.2    Higgins, R.3
  • 26
    • 0021774293 scopus 로고
    • Abnormal heterophils in a king shag with aspergillosis
    • Hawkey CM, Pugsley SL, Knight JA. Abnormal heterophils in a king shag with aspergillosis. Vet Rec 1984;114:322.
    • (1984) Vet. Rec. , vol.114 , pp. 322
    • Hawkey, C.M.1    Pugsley, S.L.2    Knight, J.A.3
  • 27
    • 0038286046 scopus 로고
    • Cytology of the upper alimentary tract: Oral cavity, esophagus, and ingluvies
    • 2nd edition. Ames IA: Iowa State University Press
    • Campbell TW. Cytology of the upper alimentary tract: oral cavity, esophagus, and ingluvies. In: Avian hematology and cytology. 2nd edition. Ames IA: Iowa State University Press; 1995. p. 47-51.
    • (1995) Avian Hematology and Cytology , pp. 47-51
    • Campbell, T.W.1
  • 28
    • 0008183470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ELISA as a management guide for aspergillosis in raptors
    • Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Association of Avian Veterinarians, Reno, NV
    • Redig PT, Orosz S, Cray C. The ELISA as a management guide for aspergillosis in raptors. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Association of Avian Veterinarians, Reno, NV, 1997;99-104.
    • (1997) , pp. 99-104
    • Redig, P.T.1    Orosz, S.2    Cray, C.3
  • 29
    • 4243549253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An update on the application of aspergillosis antigen diagnostic testing
    • Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Association of Avian Veterinarians, St. Paul, MN
    • Zielezienski-Roberts K, Cray C. An update on the application of aspergillosis antigen diagnostic testing. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Association of Avian Veterinarians, St. Paul, MN, 1998;95-7.
    • (1998) , pp. 95-97
    • Zielezienski-Roberts, K.1    Cray, C.2
  • 30
    • 0034575042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein electrophoresis as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in raptor medicine
    • Tatum LM, Zaias J, Mealey BK, et al. Protein electrophoresis as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in raptor medicine. J Zoo Wildl Med 2000;31:497-502.
    • (2000) J. Zoo Wildl. Med. , vol.31 , pp. 497-502
    • Tatum, L.M.1    Zaias, J.2    Mealey, B.K.3
  • 31
    • 0030180235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of a method for the identification, using a polyerase chain reaction, of Aspergillus fumigatus isolated from ostriches
    • Katz ME, Love SCJ, Gill HS, et al. Development of a method for the identification, using a polyerase chain reaction, of Aspergillus fumigatus isolated from ostriches. Aust Vet J 1996;74:50-4.
    • (1996) Aust. Vet. J. , vol.74 , pp. 50-54
    • Katz, M.E.1    Love, S.C.J.2    Gill, H.S.3
  • 32
    • 0026681127 scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis of avian aspergillosis and treatment with itraconazole
    • Forbes NA, Simpson GN, Goudswaard MF. Diagnosis of avian aspergillosis and treatment with itraconazole. Vet Rec 1992;130:519-20.
    • (1992) Vet. Rec. , vol.130 , pp. 519-520
    • Forbes, N.A.1    Simpson, G.N.2    Goudswaard, M.F.3
  • 33
    • 0038624945 scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis and treatment of avian aspergillosis
    • Kirk RW, editor Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company
    • Aguilar RF, Redig PT. Diagnosis and treatment of avian aspergillosis. In: Kirk RW, editor. Current veterinary therapy. XII. Small animal practice. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company; 1995. p. 1294-9.
    • (1995) Current Veterinary Therapy. XII. Small Animal Practice , pp. 1294-1299
    • Aguilar, R.F.1    Redig, P.T.2
  • 34
    • 0022090445 scopus 로고
    • Comparative pharmacokinetics of antifungal drugs in domestic turkeys, red-tailed hawks, broad-winged hawks, and great-horned owls
    • Redig PT, Duke GE. Comparative pharmacokinetics of antifungal drugs in domestic turkeys, red-tailed hawks, broad-winged hawks, and great-horned owls. Avian Dis 1985;29:649-61.
    • (1985) Avian Dis. , vol.29 , pp. 649-661
    • Redig, P.T.1    Duke, G.E.2
  • 35
    • 0020080409 scopus 로고
    • Vaccination studies of aspergillosis in turkeys: Subcutaneous inoculation with several vaccine preparations followed by aerosol challenge exposure
    • Richard JL, Thurston JR, Cutlip RC, et al. Vaccination studies of aspergillosis in turkeys: subcutaneous inoculation with several vaccine preparations followed by aerosol challenge exposure. Am J Vet Res 1982;43:488-92.
    • (1982) Am. J. Vet. Res. , vol.43 , pp. 488-492
    • Richard, J.L.1    Thurston, J.R.2    Cutlip, R.C.3
  • 36
    • 0031303873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of sampling methods for airborne fungal spores during an outbreak of aspergillosis in the forest aviary of the North Carolina Zoological Park
    • Dykstra MJ, Loomis M, Reininger K, et al. A comparison of sampling methods for airborne fungal spores during an outbreak of aspergillosis in the forest aviary of the North Carolina Zoological Park. J Zoo Wildl Med 1997;28:454-63.
    • (1997) J. Zoo Wildl. Med. , vol.28 , pp. 454-463
    • Dykstra, M.J.1    Loomis, M.2    Reininger, K.3
  • 37
    • 0038286081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of terbinafine hydrochloride in the treatment of avian fungal disease
    • Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Association of Avian Veterinarians, Portland, OR
    • Dahlhausen B, Lindstrom JG, Radabaugh CS. The use of terbinafine hydrochloride in the treatment of avian fungal disease. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Association of Avian Veterinarians, Portland, OR, 2000;35-9.
    • (2000) , pp. 35-39
    • Dahlhausen, B.1    Lindstrom, J.G.2    Radabaugh, C.S.3
  • 38
    • 0010996068 scopus 로고
    • An overview of antifungal therapy in birds
    • Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Association of Avian Veterinarians, Nashville, TN
    • Flammer K. An overview of antifungal therapy in birds. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Association of Avian Veterinarians, Nashville, TN, 1993;1-4.
    • (1993) , pp. 1-4
    • Flammer, K.1
  • 39
    • 0038286047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Respiratory problems
    • Beynon PH, Forbes NA, Harcourt-Brown NH, editors Ames (IA): Iowa State University Press
    • Forbes NA. Respiratory problems. In: Beynon PH, Forbes NA, Harcourt-Brown NH, editors. Manual of raptors, pigeons and waterfowl. Ames (IA): Iowa State University Press; 1996. p. 180-8.
    • (1996) Manual of Raptors, Pigeons and Waterfowl , pp. 180-188
    • Forbes, N.A.1
  • 40
    • 0020406626 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of aspergillosis in raptors (Order Falconiformes) with miconazole
    • Furley CW, Greenwood AG. Treatment of aspergillosis in raptors (Order Falconiformes) with miconazole. Vet Rec 1982;111:584-5.
    • (1982) Vet. Rec. , vol.111 , pp. 584-585
    • Furley, C.W.1    Greenwood, A.G.2
  • 41
    • 0010958627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetic disposition of itraconazole in red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis)
    • Jones MP, Orosz SE, Cox SK, et al. Pharmacokinetic disposition of itraconazole in red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis). J Avian Med Surg 2000;14:15-22.
    • (2000) J. Avian Med. Surg. , vol.14 , pp. 15-22
    • Jones, M.P.1    Orosz, S.E.2    Cox, S.K.3
  • 42
    • 0038624942 scopus 로고
    • Clotrimazole nebulization for the treatment of respiratory aspergillosis
    • Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Association of Avian Veterinarians, Nashville, TN
    • Joseph V, Pappagianis D, Reavill DR: Clotrimazole nebulization for the treatment of respiratory aspergillosis. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Association of Avian Veterinarians, Nashville, TN, 1994;301-6.
    • (1994) , pp. 301-306
    • Joseph, V.1    Pappagianis, D.2    Reavill, D.R.3
  • 43
    • 0002644266 scopus 로고
    • The use of ketoconazole in birds: Preliminary pharmacokinetics and clinical applications
    • Kollias GV, Palgut J, Rossi J, et al. The use of ketoconazole in birds: preliminary pharmacokinetics and clinical applications. In Proc Assoc Avian Vet 1986;103.
    • (1986) Proc. Assoc. Avian Vet. , pp. 103
    • Kollias, G.V.1    Palgut, J.2    Rossi, J.3
  • 44
    • 0002447990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mycotic Diseases
    • Altman RB, Clubb SL, Dorrestein GM, Quesenberry K (eds.)
    • Oglesbee BL. Mycotic Diseases. In: Altman RB, Clubb SL, Dorrestein GM, Quesenberry K (eds.): Avian Medicine and Surgery, 1997, p. 323-31.
    • (1997) Avian Medicine and Surgery , pp. 323-331
    • Oglesbee, B.L.1
  • 45
    • 0002835137 scopus 로고
    • Antifungal agents: A review of their pharmacology and therapeutic indications
    • Orosz SE, Frazier DL. Antifungal agents: a review of their pharmacology and therapeutic indications. J Avian Med Surg 1995;9:8-18.
    • (1995) J. Avian Med. Surg. , vol.9 , pp. 8-18
    • Orosz, S.E.1    Frazier, D.L.2
  • 46
    • 0038286045 scopus 로고
    • Aspergillosis
    • Kirk RA, editor. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company
    • Redig PT. Aspergillosis. In: Kirk RA, editor. Current veterinary therapy VIII. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company; 1983. p. 611-3.
    • (1983) Current Veterinary Therapy VIII , pp. 611-613
    • Redig, P.T.1
  • 47
    • 0026690747 scopus 로고
    • Systematically administered antifungal agents. A review of their clinical pharmacology and therapeutic applications
    • Lyman CA, Walsh TJ. Systematically administered antifungal agents. A review of their clinical pharmacology and therapeutic applications. Drugs 1992;44:9-35.
    • (1992) Drugs , vol.44 , pp. 9-35
    • Lyman, C.A.1    Walsh, T.J.2
  • 48
    • 0010666370 scopus 로고
    • The effects of formulation on the systemic availability of itraconazole in pigeons
    • Orosz SE, Schroeder EC, Cox SK, et al. The effects of formulation on the systemic availability of itraconazole in pigeons. Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery 1995;9: 255-62.
    • (1995) Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery , vol.9 , pp. 255-262
    • Orosz, S.E.1    Schroeder, E.C.2    Cox, S.K.3
  • 49
    • 0024356453 scopus 로고
    • The effects of food and dose on the oral system availability of itraconazole in healthy subjects
    • Van Peer A, Woestenborghs R, Heykants J, et al. The effects of food and dose on the oral system availability of itraconazole in healthy subjects. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1989; 36:423-6.
    • (1989) Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. , vol.36 , pp. 423-426
    • Van Peer, A.1    Woestenborghs, R.2    Heykants, J.3
  • 51
    • 0037610668 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of tracheal obstruction in psittacine birds using a suction technique: A retrospective study of 19 birds
    • Westerhof I. Treatment of tracheal obstruction in psittacine birds using a suction technique: a retrospective study of 19 birds. Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery 1995;9:45-9.
    • (1995) Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery , vol.9 , pp. 45-49
    • Westerhof, I.1
  • 52
    • 0037610667 scopus 로고
    • Abdominal air sac breathing tube placement in psittacine birds and raptors: Its use as an emergency airway in cases of tracheal obstruction
    • Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Association of Avian Veterinarians, Phoenix, AZ
    • Rosskopf WJ, Woerpel RW. Abdominal air sac breathing tube placement in psittacine birds and raptors: its use as an emergency airway in cases of tracheal obstruction. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Association of Avian Veterinarians, Phoenix, AZ, 1990;215-6.
    • (1990) , pp. 215-216
    • Rosskopf, W.J.1    Woerpel, R.W.2
  • 53
    • 0004210808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exotic animal formulary
    • Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company
    • Carpenter JW, Mashima TY, Rupiper DJ. Exotic animal formulary. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company; 2001. p. 129.
    • (2001) , pp. 129
    • Carpenter, J.W.1    Mashima, T.Y.2    Rupiper, D.J.3
  • 54
    • 0037948732 scopus 로고
    • Mycoses
    • Petrak ML, editors. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger
    • Keymer IF. Mycoses. In: Petrak ML, editors. Diseases of cage and aviary birds. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 1982. p. 599-605.
    • (1982) Diseases of Cage and Aviary Birds , pp. 599-605
    • Keymer, I.F.1
  • 55
    • 0011022363 scopus 로고
    • Candida parapsilosis in a 20-year-old blue fronted Amazon
    • Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Association of Avian Veterinarians, Miami, FL
    • Goodman GJ, Widenmeyer JC. Candida parapsilosis in a 20-year-old blue fronted Amazon. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Association of Avian Veterinarians, Miami, FL, 1986;105-19.
    • (1986) , pp. 105-119
    • Goodman, G.J.1    Widenmeyer, J.C.2
  • 56
    • 4344585494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trichomoniasis in Bonelli's Eagle (Hieraaetus fasciatus) nestlings in southwest Portugal
    • Lumeij JT, Remple D, Redig PT, et al, editors. Lake Worth, FL: Zoological Education Network, Inc
    • Hoefle U, Blanco JM, Palma L, et al. Trichomoniasis in Bonelli's Eagle (Hieraaetus fasciatus) nestlings in southwest Portugal. In: Lumeij JT, Remple D, Redig PT, et al, editors. Raptor biomedicine III including bibliography of diseases of birds of prey. Lake Worth, FL: Zoological Education Network, Inc.; 2000. p. 45-51.
    • (2000) Raptor Biomedicine III Including Bibliography of Diseases of Birds of Prey , pp. 45-51
    • Hoefle, U.1    Blanco, J.M.2    Palma, L.3
  • 57
    • 0011037675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Candidiasis
    • Samour JH, editor. London, UK: Mosby
    • Silvanose C. Candidiasis. In: Samour JH, editor. Avian medicine. London, UK: Mosby; 2000. p. 287-9.
    • (2000) Avian Medicine , pp. 287-289
    • Silvanose, C.1
  • 58
    • 0036623887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis and therapeutic management of candidiasis in falcons in Saudi Arabia
    • Samour JH, Naldo JL. Diagnosis and therapeutic management of candidiasis in falcons in Saudi Arabia. J Avian Med Surg 2002;16:129-32.
    • (2002) J. Avian Med. Surg. , vol.16 , pp. 129-132
    • Samour, J.H.1    Naldo, J.L.2
  • 59
    • 0003110091 scopus 로고
    • Ocular candidiasis in ornamental ducks
    • Crispen SM, Barnett KC. Ocular candidiasis in ornamental ducks. Vet Pathol 1978;7:49-59.
    • (1978) Vet. Pathol. , vol.7 , pp. 49-59
    • Crispen, S.M.1    Barnett, K.C.2
  • 60
    • 0038624943 scopus 로고
    • Clinical treatment regimes with fluconazole
    • Proceedings of the Association of Avian Veterinarians, Chicago, IL
    • Parrott T. Clinical treatment regimes with fluconazole. Proceedings of the Association of Avian Veterinarians, Chicago, IL, 1991;15-9.
    • (1991) , pp. 15-19
    • Parrott, T.1
  • 63
    • 0038286044 scopus 로고
    • Fungal meningoencephalitis in a hand-raised snowy owl chick Nyctea scandiaca
    • Proceedings of the Conference of American Association of Zoo Veterinarians, Greensboro, NC
    • Danneman PJ, Borkowski GL, Griffith JW, et al. Fungal meningoencephalitis in a hand-raised snowy owl chick Nyctea scandiaca. Proceedings of the Conference of American Association of Zoo Veterinarians, Greensboro, NC, 1989;208.
    • (1989) , pp. 208
    • Danneman, P.J.1    Borkowski, G.L.2    Griffith, J.W.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.