Redistribution of energy available for ocean mixing by long-range propagation of internal waves

Nature

Volumn 423, Issue 6936, 2003, Pages 159-162

  Alford, Matthew H ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COMPUTATIONAL METHODS; GRAVITY WAVES; MARINE POLLUTION; WAVE PROPAGATION;

INTERNAL WAVES;

WATER WAVES;

ENERGY FLUX; INTERNAL WAVE; MIXING; OCEANIC CIRCULATION; WAVE PROPAGATION;

ARTICLE; CALCULATION; ENERGY; GLOBAL CLIMATE; GRAVITY; HYDRODYNAMICS; MOLECULAR MODEL; OCEAN ENVIRONMENT; OCEANOGRAPHY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; WATER POLLUTANT;

CLIMATE; GRAVITATION; OCEANS AND SEAS; TEMPERATURE; WATER MOVEMENTS;

EID: 0037653723     PISSN: 00280836     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nature01628     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Gregg, M. Diapycnal mixing in the thermocline. J. Geophys. Res. 92, 5249-5286 (1987).
2. Egbert, G. D. & Ray, R. D. Significant dissipation of tidal energy in the deep ocean inferred from satellite altimeter data. Nature 405, 775-778 (2000).
3. Alford, M. H. Improved global maps and 54-year history of wind-work on ocean inertial motions. Geophys. Res. Lett. 30(8), doi:10.1029/2002GL016614 (2000).
4. Manabe, S. & Stouffer, R. J. Two stable equilibria of a coupled ocean-atmosphere model. J. Clim. 1, 841-866 (1988).
5. Munk, W. & Wunsch, C. Abyssal recipes II: energetics of tidal and wind mixing. Deep-Sea Res. 145, 1977-2010 (1998).
6. Ganchaud, A. & Wunsch, C. Improved estimates of global ocean circulation, heat transport and mixing from hydrographic data. Nature 408, 453-456 (2000).
7. Webb, D. J. & Suginohara, N. Vertical mixing in the ocean. Nature 409, 37-39 (2001).
8. Wunsch, C. The work done by the wind on the oceanic general circulation. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 28, 2332-2340 (1998).
9. Alford, M. H. Internal swell generation: the spatial distribution of energy flux from the wind to mixedlayers near-inertial motions. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 31, 2359-2368 (2001).
10. Ledwell, J. R., Watson, A. J. & Law, C. S. Evidence for slow mixing across the pycnocline from an openocean tracer-release experiment. Nature 364, 701-703 (1993).
11. Polzin, K. L., Toole, J. M., Ledwell, G. R. & Schmitt, R. W. Spatial variability of turbulent mixing in the abyssal ocean. Science 276, 93-96 (1997).
12. Samelson, R. M. Large-scale circulation with locally enhanced vertical mixing. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 28, 712-726 (1998).
13. D'Asaro, E. The energy flux from the wind to near-inertial motions in the mixed layer. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 15, 943-959 (1985).
14. Gill, A. E. On the behavior of internal waves in the wake of a storm. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 14, 1129-1151 (1984).
15. D'Asaro, E. et al. Upper-ocean inertial currents forced by a storm, I, data and comparisons with linear theory. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 25, 2909-2936 (1995).
16. Alford, M. & Gregg, M. Near-inertial mixing: modulation of shear, strain and microstructure at low latitude. J. Geophys. Res. 106, 16947-16968 (2001).
17. Ray, R. D. & Mitchum, G. T. Surface manifestations of internal tides in the deep ocean: observations from altimetry and island gauges. Prog. Oceanogr. 40, 135-162 (1997).
18. Ray, R. D. & Cartwright, D. E. Estimates of internal tide energy fluxes from TOPEX/POSEIDON altimetry: central North Pacific. Geophys. Res. Lett. 28, 1259-1262 (2001).
19. D'Asaro, E. A. in Proc. Dynamics of Oceanic Internal Gravity Waves II (eds Müller, P. & Henderson, D.) 451-466 ('Aha Huliko'a Hawaiian Winter Workshop, Hawaii Institute of Geophysics, Honolulu, 1991).
20. Garrett, C. What is the "near-inertial" band and why is it different from the rest of the internal wave spectrum? J. Phys. Oceanogr. 31, 962-971 (2001).
21. Levitus, S. & Boyer, T. World Ocean Atlas 1994 (NOAA Atlas NESDIS4, US Department of Commerce, Washington DC, 1994).
22. Thorpe, S. A. On internal wave groups. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 29, 1085-1095 (1999).
23. Pingree, R. D. & New, A. L. Abyssal penetration and bottom reflection of internal tidal energy in the Bay of Biscay. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 21, 28-39 (1991).
24. Dushaw, B., Cornuelle, B., Worcester, P. F., Howe, B. & Luther, D. Barotropic and baroclinic tides in the Central North Pacific Ocean determined from long-range reciprocal acoustic transmissions. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 25, 631-647 (1995).
25. Doherty, K. W., Frye, D. E., Liberatore, S. P. & Toole, J. M. A moored profiling instrument. J. Atmos. Ocean Technol. 16, 1816-1829 (1999).
26. St Laurent, L. & Garrett, C. The role of internal tides in mixing the deep ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 32, 2882-2899 (2001).
27. 2 internal tide energetics at the Hawaiian Ridge. J. Geophys. Res. 107, doi:10.1029/2001JC000996 (2002).
28. Garrett, C. J. R. & Munk, W. H. Space-time scales of internal waves: a progress report. J. Geophys. Res. 80, 291-297 (1975).
29. Fu, L. L. Observations and models of inertial waves in the deep ocean. Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 19, 141-170 (1981).
30. Kunze, E., Rosenfield, L., Carter, G. & Gregg, M. C. Internal waves in Monterey submarine canyon. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 32, 1890-1913 (2002).