Near-field turbulence effects on quantum-key distribution

Physical Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics

Volumn 67, Issue 2, 2003, Pages

  Shapiro, Jeffrey H ^a  

^a MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC TURBULENCE; DECOMPOSITION; ERROR ANALYSIS; NUMERICAL METHODS; OPTICAL COMMUNICATION; PROBABILITY;

FREE SPACE; OPTICAL PATH; QUANTUM KEY DISTRIBUTION;

QUANTUM OPTICS;

EID: 0037627527     PISSN: 10502947     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (30)

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23. We will neglect optics losses within Bob's receiver; they can be accounted for by regarding η as the overall detection efficiency, i.e. the product of optics transmission and detector quantum efficiency.
24. We could also address the detection probability, but, because Bob's receiver makes a random polarization-basis choice on each photon it measures, the detection probability is exactly twice the sift probability.
25. Because Bob's receiver will employ a narrow field of view - to minimize background light shot noise - it will collect only the turbulence-modified extinguished direct beam from Alice's transmitter, i.e., no scattered light will be collected. Moreover, for bit durations that are appreciably shorter than 1 ms and appreciably longer than 1 ps, we can neglect time-dependent fading and multipath spread, and, because atmospheric turbulence is nondepolarizing, we then have that attenuation by the capture fraction γ is the only propagation effect incurred by Alice's transmitted pulse en route to Bob's receiver.
26. x≥1, for x∈{0°,90°,-45°,45°}. We shall employ the conditionally-Poisson statistics without such a replacement, i.e., we are assuming a multiphoton detection capability at each detection port in Fig. 2.
27. Ldzα(z)/2] in Eq. (7), where α(z) is the z-dependent extinction coefficient along the path from the transmitter to the receiver.
28. Adaptive optics would, in general, be required for the turbulent case to achieve this resolution.
29. 5/3.
30. It is worth mentioning that an adaptive optics QKD implementation will require pilot-beam transmission to provide a strong signal for atmospheric wave-front sensing.