Ocean freshening, sea level rising

Science

Volumn 300, Issue 5628, 2003, Pages 2041-2043

  Munk, Walter ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ICE; SEA WATER;

OCEANOGRAPHY; SEA LEVEL CHANGE;

CLIMATE; ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT; OCEANIC REGIONS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SEA; TEMPERATURE; WARMING;

EID: 0037595573     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.1085534     Document Type: Review

References (16)

1. IPCC, Climate Change 1995: The Science of Climate Change, J. T. Houghton et al., Eds. (Cambridge Univ. Press, New York, 1995).
2. IPCC, Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis, J. T. Houghton et al., Eds. (Cambridge Univ. Press, New York, 2001).
3. B. C. Douglas, M. S. Kearney, S. P. Leatherman, Sea Level Rise: History and Consequences (Academic Press, New York, 2001).
4. S. Levitus, J. I. Antonov, T. P. Boyer, C. Stephens, Science 287, 2225 (2000).
5. S. Levitus et al., Science 292, 267 (2001).
6. W. Munk, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99, 6550 (2002).
7. J. I. Antonov, S. Levitus, T. P. Boyer, J. Geophys. Res. 107(C12), 14-1 (2002).
8. -1 at 10°C.
9. P. Wadhams, Ice in the Ocean (Gordon and Breach, Sydney, 2000).
10. O. M. Johannessen et al., Arctic Climate Change-Observed and Modeled Temperature and Sea Ice, Nansen Technical Report 218 (Bergen, Norway, 2003).
11. A. P. Nagurnyi, V. G. Korostelev, V. V. Ivanov, Meteor. Hydrol. 3, 72 (1999).
12. C. Cabanes, A. Cazenave, C. Le Provost, Science 294, 840 (2001).
13. L. Miller, B. D. Douglas, paper presented at the EGS-AGU-EUG joint assembly, Nice, France, 6 to 11 April 2003.
14. D. P. Chambers, J. Chen, R. S. Nerem, B. D. Tapley, Geophys. Res. Lett. 27, 3073 (2000).
15. A. Cazenave, paper presented at WOCE and Beyond, San Antonio, TX, 21 November 2002 (www.woce2002. tamu.edu/cazenave.ppt).
16. I thank C. Wunsch, C. J. R. Garrett, J. Antonov, T. Barnett, J. Gregory, D. Pierce, P. Wadhams, and P. Woodworth for helpful suggestions. The author holds the Secretary of the Navy Chair in Oceanography.