메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 6, Issue 3, 2003, Pages 236-243

Microalgal metabolites

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTILLATOXIN; APLYSIATOXIN; AZASPIRACID; BATRACHOTOXIN; BREVETOXIN; CURACIN A; ETHER; GONYAUTOXIN; GYMNOCIN A; KALKITOXIN; LYNGBYATOXIN; NEUROTOXIN; POLYCYCLIC HYDROCARBON; POLYKETIDE; POLYKETIDE SYNTHASE; PROTEIN KINASE C ACTIVATOR; SAXITOXIN; SCORPION VENOM; SODIUM CHANNEL AFFECTING AGENT; SODIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; TOXIN; TUMOR PROMOTER; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

EID: 0037589952     PISSN: 13695274     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1369-5274(03)00064-X     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (153)

References (54)
  • 1
    • 0029843191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microalgal metabolites: A new perspective
    • Shimizu Y: Microalgal metabolites: a new perspective. Annu Rev Microbiol 1996, 50:431-465.
    • (1996) Annu Rev Microbiol , vol.50 , pp. 431-465
    • Shimizu, Y.1
  • 2
    • 0001377493 scopus 로고
    • Microalgal metabolites
    • Shimizu Y: Microalgal metabolites. Chem Rev 1993, 93:1685-1698.
    • (1993) Chem Rev , vol.93 , pp. 1685-1698
    • Shimizu, Y.1
  • 3
  • 4
    • 0001939209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microalgae as a drug source
    • Edited by Fusetani N., Basel: Karger
    • Shimizu Y: Microalgae as a drug source. In Drugs from the Sea. Edited by Fusetani N., Basel: Karger; 2000:30-45.
    • (2000) Drugs from the Sea , pp. 30-45
    • Shimizu, Y.1
  • 5
    • 0000269437 scopus 로고
    • Screening cultured marine microalgae for anticancer-type activity
    • Gerwick WH, Roberts MA, Proteau PJ, Chen JL: Screening cultured marine microalgae for anticancer-type activity. J Appl Phycol 1994, 6:143-149.
    • (1994) J Appl Phycol , vol.6 , pp. 143-149
    • Gerwick, W.H.1    Roberts, M.A.2    Proteau, P.J.3    Chen, J.L.4
  • 6
    • 0029962779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cyclic peptides and depsipeptides from cyanobacteria: A review
    • Moore RE: Cyclic peptides and depsipeptides from cyanobacteria: a review. J Ind Microbiol 1996, 16:134-143.
    • (1996) J Ind Microbiol , vol.16 , pp. 134-143
    • Moore, R.E.1
  • 7
    • 0035225541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen-containing metabolites from marine cyanobacteria
    • Edited by Cordell G. San Diego: Academic Press
    • Gerwick WH, Tan LT, Siachitta N: Nitrogen-containing metabolites from marine cyanobacteria. In The Alkaloids, vol 57. Edited by Cordell G. San Diego: Academic Press; 2001:75-184. This chapter in the alkaloids series gives a very good up-to-date review of nitrogen-containing metabolites of marine cyanobacteria, which covers most compounds found in the family.
    • (2001) The Alkaloids , vol.57 , pp. 75-184
    • Gerwick, W.H.1    Tan, L.T.2    Siachitta, N.3
  • 8
    • 0030484901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioactive compounds produced by cynanobacteria
    • Namikoshi M, Rinehart KL: Bioactive compounds produced by cynanobacteria. J Ind Microbiol 1996, 17:373-384.
    • (1996) J Ind Microbiol , vol.17 , pp. 373-384
    • Namikoshi, M.1    Rinehart, K.L.2
  • 9
    • 0033996619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Yanucamides A and B, two new depsipeptides from an assemblage of the marine cyanobacteria Lyngbya majuscula and Schizothrix spp
    • Sitachitta N, Williamson RT, Gerwick WH: Yanucamides A and B, two new depsipeptides from an assemblage of the marine cyanobacteria Lyngbya majuscula and Schizothrix spp. J Nat Prod 2000, 63:197-200.
    • (2000) J Nat Prod , vol.63 , pp. 197-200
    • Sitachitta, N.1    Williamson, R.T.2    Gerwick, W.H.3
  • 10
    • 0033758451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lyngbyabellin B, a toxic and antifungal secondary metabolite from the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula
    • Milligan KE, Marquez B, Williamson RT, Gerwick WH: Lyngbyabellin B, a toxic and antifungal secondary metabolite from the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula. J Nat Prod 2000, 63:1440-1443.
    • (2000) J Nat Prod , vol.63 , pp. 1440-1443
    • Milligan, K.E.1    Marquez, B.2    Williamson, R.T.3    Gerwick, W.H.4
  • 12
    • 0001177687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hermitamides A and B, toxic malyngamide-type natural products from the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula
    • Tan LT, Okino T, Gerwick WH: Hermitamides A and B, toxic malyngamide-type natural products from the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula. J Nat Prod 2000, 63:952-955.
    • (2000) J Nat Prod , vol.63 , pp. 952-955
    • Tan, L.T.1    Okino, T.2    Gerwick, W.H.3
  • 13
    • 0034909167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antillatoxin B, a neurotoxic lipopeptide from the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula
    • Nogle LM, Okino T, Gerwick WH: Antillatoxin B, a neurotoxic lipopeptide from the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula. J Nat Prod 2001, 64:983-985. A good summary of the new neurotoxin antillatoxin B.
    • (2001) J Nat Prod , vol.64 , pp. 983-985
    • Nogle, L.M.1    Okino, T.2    Gerwick, W.H.3
  • 14
    • 0037246295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three new malyngamides from a Papua New Guinea collection of the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula
    • McPhail K, Gerwick WH: Three new malyngamides from a Papua New Guinea collection of the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula. J Nat Prod 2003, 66:132-135.
    • (2003) J Nat Prod , vol.66 , pp. 132-135
    • McPhail, K.1    Gerwick, W.H.2
  • 15
    • 0037007739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Caylobolide A: A unique 36-membered macolactone from a Bahamian Lyngbya majuscula
    • MacMillan JB, Molinski TF: Caylobolide A: a unique 36-membered macolactone from a Bahamian Lyngbya majuscula. Org Lett 2002, 4:1535-1538.
    • (2002) Org Lett , vol.4 , pp. 1535-1538
    • MacMillan, J.B.1    Molinski, T.F.2
  • 16
    • 0037737752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel cyclic dodecapeptide from a Papua New Guinea Lyngbya majuscula
    • Nogle LM, Marquez BL, Gerwick WH: Novel cyclic dodecapeptide from a Papua New Guinea Lyngbya majuscula. Org Lett 2003, 5:3-6. This is the latest paper on the Lyngbya metabolites to report a spectacular structure.
    • (2003) Org Lett , vol.5 , pp. 3-6
    • Nogle, L.M.1    Marquez, B.L.2    Gerwick, W.H.3
  • 17
    • 0028258027 scopus 로고
    • Structure of curacin A, a novel antimiotic, antiproliferative, and brine shrimp toxic natural product from the marine cyanobaterium Lyngbya majuscula
    • Gerwick WH, Proteau PJ, Nagle DG, Hamel E, Blokhin A, Slate DL: Structure of curacin A, a novel antimiotic, antiproliferative, and brine shrimp toxic natural product from the marine cyanobaterium Lyngbya majuscula. J Org Chem 1994, 59:1243-1245.
    • (1994) J Org Chem , vol.59 , pp. 1243-1245
    • Gerwick, W.H.1    Proteau, P.J.2    Nagle, D.G.3    Hamel, E.4    Blokhin, A.5    Slate, D.L.6
  • 19
    • 0033231630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antillatoxin and kalkitoxin, ichthyotoxins from the tropical cynanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula, induce distinct temporal patterns of NMDA receptor-mediated neurotoxicity
    • Berman FW, Gerwick WH, Murray TF: Antillatoxin and kalkitoxin, ichthyotoxins from the tropical cynanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula, induce distinct temporal patterns of NMDA receptor-mediated neurotoxicity. Toxicon 1999, 37:1645-1648.
    • (1999) Toxicon , vol.37 , pp. 1645-1648
    • Berman, F.W.1    Gerwick, W.H.2    Murray, T.F.3
  • 20
    • 0035912710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antillatoxin is a marine cyanobacterial toxin that potently activates voltage-gated sodium channels
    • Li WI, Berma FW, Okino T, Yokokawa F, Shioiri T, Gerwick WH, Murray TF: Antillatoxin is a marine cyanobacterial toxin that potently activates voltage-gated sodium channels. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2001, 98:7599-7604. This is an important paper reporting a new type of sodium channel blocker and its pharmacology.
    • (2001) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.98 , pp. 7599-7604
    • Li, W.I.1    Berma, F.W.2    Okino, T.3    Yokokawa, F.4    Shioiri, T.5    Gerwick, W.H.6    Murray, T.F.7
  • 21
    • 0034800552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biosynthesis of natural products on modular peptide synthetases
    • Doekel S, Marahiel MA: Biosynthesis of natural products on modular peptide synthetases. Metab Eng 2001, 3:64-77. This article provides a good overview of the biosynthesis of nonribosomal peptides, including cyanobacterial peptides.
    • (2001) Metab Eng , vol.3 , pp. 64-77
    • Doekel, S.1    Marahiel, M.A.2
  • 23
    • 0032873121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic analysis of the peptide synthetase genes for a cyclic heptapeptide microcystin in Microcystis spp
    • Nishizawa T, Asayama M, Fujii K, Harada K, Shirai M: Genetic analysis of the peptide synthetase genes for a cyclic heptapeptide microcystin in Microcystis spp. J Biochem (Tokyo) 1999, 126:520-529.
    • (1999) J Biochem (Tokyo) , vol.126 , pp. 520-529
    • Nishizawa, T.1    Asayama, M.2    Fujii, K.3    Harada, K.4    Shirai, M.5
  • 24
    • 0037151788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The barbamide biosynthetic gene cluster: A novel marine cyanobacterial system of mixed polyketide synthase (PKS)-non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) origin involving an unusual trichloroleucyl starter unit
    • Chang Z, Flatt P, Gerwick WH, Nguyen V-H, Willis CL, Sherman DH: The barbamide biosynthetic gene cluster: a novel marine cyanobacterial system of mixed polyketide synthase (PKS)-non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) origin involving an unusual trichloroleucyl starter unit. Gene 2002, 296:235-247. This is a monumental paper, which, for the first time, elucidated the gene mechanism of a complex secondary metabolite found in cyanobacteria.
    • (2002) Gene , vol.296 , pp. 235-247
    • Chang, Z.1    Flatt, P.2    Gerwick, W.H.3    Nguyen, V.-H.4    Willis, C.L.5    Sherman, D.H.6
  • 25
    • 0034634643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biosynthetic pathway and origin of the chlorinated methyl group in barbamide and dechlorobarbamide, molluscicidal agnets from the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula
    • Sitachitta N, Marquez BL, Williamson RT, Rossi J, Roberts MA, Gerwick WH, Nguyen VA, Willis CL: Biosynthetic pathway and origin of the chlorinated methyl group in barbamide and dechlorobarbamide, molluscicidal agnets from the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula. Tetrahedron 2000, 46:9103-9114.
    • (2000) Tetrahedron , vol.46 , pp. 9103-9114
    • Sitachitta, N.1    Marquez, B.L.2    Williamson, R.T.3    Rossi, J.4    Roberts, M.A.5    Gerwick, W.H.6    Nguyen, V.A.7    Willis, C.L.8
  • 26
    • 0032484013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of syringamycin synthetase gene cluster. A link between prokaryotic and eukaryotic peptide synthetases
    • Guenzi E, Galli G, Grgurina I, Gross DC, Grandi G: Characterization of syringamycin synthetase gene cluster. A link between prokaryotic and eukaryotic peptide synthetases. J Biol Chem 1998, 273:32857-32863.
    • (1998) J Biol Chem , vol.273 , pp. 32857-32863
    • Guenzi, E.1    Galli, G.2    Grgurina, I.3    Gross, D.C.4    Grandi, G.5
  • 27
    • 0038130469 scopus 로고
    • Red tide toxins
    • Edited by Weber HH, Ruggieri GD. Washington, D.C.: Marine Technology Society
    • Shimizu Y, Alam M, Fallon WE: Red tide toxins. In Food and Drugs from the Sea Proceedings. Edited by Weber HH, Ruggieri GD. Washington, D.C.: Marine Technology Society; 1974:238-251.
    • (1974) Food and Drugs from the Sea Proceedings , pp. 238-251
    • Shimizu, Y.1    Alam, M.2    Fallon, W.E.3
  • 28
    • 0019790981 scopus 로고
    • Isolation and structure of brevetoxin B from the 'red tide' dinoflagellate Ptychodiscus brevis (Gymnodinium breve)
    • Lin YY, Risk M, Ray M, Van Engen D, Clardy J, Golik J, Jame JC, Nakanishi K: Isolation and structure of brevetoxin B from the 'red tide' dinoflagellate Ptychodiscus brevis (Gymnodinium breve). J Am Chem Soc 1981, 103:6773-6775.
    • (1981) J Am Chem Soc , vol.103 , pp. 6773-6775
    • Lin, Y.Y.1    Risk, M.2    Ray, M.3    Van Engen, D.4    Clardy, J.5    Golik, J.6    Jame, J.C.7    Nakanishi, K.8
  • 29
    • 33845374592 scopus 로고
    • Structure of brevetoxin A (GB-1), the most potent toxin in the Florida red tide organism Gymnodinium breve (Ptychodiscus brevis)
    • Shimizu Y, Chou H-N, Bando H, Van Dyne G, Clardy JC: Structure of brevetoxin A (GB-1), the most potent toxin in the Florida red tide organism Gymnodinium breve (Ptychodiscus brevis). J Am Chem Soc 1986, 108:514-515.
    • (1986) J Am Chem Soc , vol.108 , pp. 514-515
    • Shimizu, Y.1    Chou, H.-N.2    Bando, H.3    Van Dyne, G.4    Clardy, J.C.5
  • 30
    • 0037068182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gymnocin-A, a cytotoxic polyether from the notorious red tide dinoflagellate, Gymnodinium mikimotoi
    • Satake M, Shoji M, Oshima Y, Naoki H, Fujita T, Yasumoto T: Gymnocin-A, a cytotoxic polyether from the notorious red tide dinoflagellate, Gymnodinium mikimotoi. Tetrahedron Lett 2002, 43:5829-5832. This paper reports the long-sought toxic principle of Gymnodinium mikimotoi, which causes serious damage to aquaculture. It has wide implications.
    • (2002) Tetrahedron Lett , vol.43 , pp. 5829-5832
    • Satake, M.1    Shoji, M.2    Oshima, Y.3    Naoki, H.4    Fujita, T.5    Yasumoto, T.6
  • 31
    • 0035289355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structures of azaspiracid analogs, azaspiracid-4 and azaspiracid-5, cuasative toxins of azaspiracid poisoning in Euorpe
    • Ofuji K, Satake M, McMahon T, James KJ, Naoki H, Oshima Y, Yasumoto T: Structures of azaspiracid analogs, azaspiracid-4 and azaspiracid-5, cuasative toxins of azaspiracid poisoning in Euorpe. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2001, 65:740-742. This paper provides the latest overview of the shellfish toxins that are afflicting the Irish shellfish industry.
    • (2001) Biosci Biotechnol Biochem , vol.65 , pp. 740-742
    • Ofuji, K.1    Satake, M.2    McMahon, T.3    James, K.J.4    Naoki, H.5    Oshima, Y.6    Yasumoto, T.7
  • 34
    • 0023096034 scopus 로고
    • Biosynthesis of brevetoxins. Evidence of the mixed origin of the backbone carbon chain and the possible involvement of dicarboxylic acids
    • Chou H-N, Shimizu Y: Biosynthesis of brevetoxins. Evidence of the mixed origin of the backbone carbon chain and the possible involvement of dicarboxylic acids. J Am Chem Soc 1987, 109:2184-2185.
    • (1987) J Am Chem Soc , vol.109 , pp. 2184-2185
    • Chou, H.-N.1    Shimizu, Y.2
  • 35
    • 0024341511 scopus 로고
    • Biosynthetic studies of brevetoxins, potent neurotoxins produced by the dinoflagellate Gymnodinium breve
    • Lee MS, Qin G-W, Nakanishi K, Zagroski MG: Biosynthetic studies of brevetoxins, potent neurotoxins produced by the dinoflagellate Gymnodinium breve. J Am Chem Soc 1989, 111:6234-6241.
    • (1989) J Am Chem Soc , vol.111 , pp. 6234-6241
    • Lee, M.S.1    Qin, G.-W.2    Nakanishi, K.3    Zagroski, M.G.4
  • 36
    • 0001343405 scopus 로고
    • The biosynthesis of marine natural products
    • Garson MJ: The biosynthesis of marine natural products. Chem Rev 1993, 93:1699-1733.
    • (1993) Chem Rev , vol.93 , pp. 1699-1733
    • Garson, M.J.1
  • 38
    • 0001540497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biosynthesis of DTX-4: Confirmation of a polyketide pathway, proof of a Baeyer-Villiger oxidation step, and evidence for an unusual carbon deletion process
    • Wright JLC, Hu T, McLachlan J, Needham J, Walter JA: Biosynthesis of DTX-4: confirmation of a polyketide pathway, proof of a Baeyer-Villiger oxidation step, and evidence for an unusual carbon deletion process. J Am Chem Soc 1996, 118:8757-8758.
    • (1996) J Am Chem Soc , vol.118 , pp. 8757-8758
    • Wright, J.L.C.1    Hu, T.2    McLachlan, J.3    Needham, J.4    Walter, J.A.5
  • 39
    • 37049093527 scopus 로고
    • Biosynthesis of fungal metabolites: Asperlactone and its relationship to other metabolites of Aspergillus melleus
    • Brereton RG, Garson MJ, Staunton J: Biosynthesis of fungal metabolites: asperlactone and its relationship to other metabolites of Aspergillus melleus. J Chem Soc [Perkin] 1 1984 1:1027-1033.
    • (1984) J Chem Soc [Perkin] 1 , vol.1 , pp. 1027-1033
    • Brereton, R.G.1    Garson, M.J.2    Staunton, J.3
  • 40
    • 0344089094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Studies of the biosynthesis of DTX-5a and DTX-5b by the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum maculosum: Regiospecificity of the putative Baeyer-Villigerase and insertion of a single amino acid in a polyketide chain
    • Macpherson GR, Burton IW, LeBlanc P, Walter JA, Wright JLC: Studies of the biosynthesis of DTX-5a and DTX-5b by the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum maculosum: regiospecificity of the putative Baeyer-Villigerase and insertion of a single amino acid in a polyketide chain. J Org Chem 2003, 68:1659-1664. This is the full paper of the previous reference, [39], which describes the involvement of peroxidation and other intriguing aspects of the biosynthesis of the dinoflagellate metabolites.
    • (2003) J Org Chem , vol.68 , pp. 1659-1664
    • Macpherson, G.R.1    Burton, I.W.2    LeBlanc, P.3    Walter, J.A.4    Wright, J.L.C.5
  • 42
    • 0021860657 scopus 로고
    • The chemistry of brevetoxins: A review
    • Nakanishi K: The chemistry of brevetoxins: a review. Toxicon 1985, 23:473-479.
    • (1985) Toxicon , vol.23 , pp. 473-479
    • Nakanishi, K.1
  • 43
    • 0038130473 scopus 로고
    • Biosynthesis and biotransformation of marine invertebrate toxins
    • Edited by Harris JB. Oxford: Oxford Press
    • Shimizu Y: Biosynthesis and biotransformation of marine invertebrate toxins. In Natural Toxins. Edited by Harris JB. Oxford: Oxford Press; 1986:115-125.
    • (1986) Natural Toxins , pp. 115-125
    • Shimizu, Y.1
  • 44
    • 0026616380 scopus 로고
    • New 'phantom' dinoflagellate is the causative agent of major estuarine fish kills
    • Burkholder JM, Noga J, Hobbs CW, Glasgow HB, Smith SA: New 'phantom' dinoflagellate is the causative agent of major estuarine fish kills. Nature 1992, 358:407-410.
    • (1992) Nature , vol.358 , pp. 407-410
    • Burkholder, J.M.1    Noga, J.2    Hobbs, C.W.3    Glasgow, H.B.4    Smith, S.A.5
  • 45
    • 2642638790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pfiesteria piscicida and other toxic Pfiesteria-like dinoflagellates: Behavior, impacts, and environmental controls
    • Burkholder JM, Glasgow HB: Pfiesteria piscicida and other toxic Pfiesteria-like dinoflagellates: behavior, impacts, and environmental controls. Limnol Oceanogr 1997, 42:1052-1075.
    • (1997) Limnol Oceanogr , vol.42 , pp. 1052-1075
    • Burkholder, J.M.1    Glasgow, H.B.2
  • 46
    • 0037792744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deadly or dull? Uproar over a microbe
    • August 6
    • Wade N: Deadly or dull? Uproar over a microbe. New York Times 2002, August 6.
    • (2002) New York Times
    • Wade, N.1
  • 47
    • 0037194753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marine biology: Unveiling an ocean phantom
    • Trainer VL: Marine biology: unveiling an ocean phantom. Nature 2002, 418:925-926.
    • (2002) Nature , vol.418 , pp. 925-926
    • Trainer, V.L.1
  • 48
    • 0037063734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The science of Pfiesteria: Elusive, subtle, and toxic
    • Kaiser J: The science of Pfiesteria: elusive, subtle, and toxic. Science 2002, 298:346-349. This article is an objective, scientific chronicle of the controversial Pfiesteria research.
    • (2002) Science , vol.298 , pp. 346-349
    • Kaiser, J.1
  • 49
    • 0037143676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are Pfiesteria species toxicogenic? Evidence against production of ichthyotoxins by Pfiesteria shuwayae
    • Berry JP, Reece KS, Rein KS, Baden DG, Haas LW, Ribeiro WL, Shields JD, Snyder RV, Vogelbein WK, Gawley RE: Are Pfiesteria species toxicogenic? Evidence against production of ichthyotoxins by Pfiesteria shuwayae. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2002, 99:10970-10975. This joint contribution from several groups casts serious doubts on the claimed severity of Pfiesteria toxicity. It is also epoch-making in using gene information to speculate the toxicogenicity of microalgae.
    • (2002) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.99 , pp. 10970-10975
    • Berry, J.P.1    Reece, K.S.2    Rein, K.S.3    Baden, D.G.4    Haas, L.W.5    Ribeiro, W.L.6    Shields, J.D.7    Snyder, R.V.8    Vogelbein, W.K.9    Gawley, R.E.10
  • 50
    • 0034860616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overview and present status of the toxic Pfiesteria complex
    • Burkholder JM, Glasgow HB, Deamer-Melia NJ: Overview and present status of the toxic Pfiesteria complex. Phycologia 2001, 40:106-134. This paper defends the original claims made by the authors' group for Pfiesteria.
    • (2001) Phycologia , vol.40 , pp. 106-134
    • Burkholder, J.M.1    Glasgow, H.B.2    Deamer-Melia, N.J.3
  • 51
    • 0036829664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is sugary toxin the smoking gun?
    • Kaiser J: Is sugary toxin the smoking gun? Science 2002, 298:945-946.
    • (2002) Science , vol.298 , pp. 945-946
    • Kaiser, J.1
  • 52
    • 0036070467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life cycle of the heterotorophic dinoflagellate Pfiesteria piscicida (Dinophyceae)
    • Litaker RW, Vandersea MW, Kibler SR, Madden VJ, Noga EJ, Tester PA: Life cycle of the heterotorophic dinoflagellate Pfiesteria piscicida (Dinophyceae). J Phycol 2002, 38:442-463. This paper presents rather convincing evidence contradicting the claimed complex and unusual life cycle of Pfiesteria. It should be read in conjunction with Burkholder (2002) [53] and Litaker et al. [54].
    • (2002) J Phycol , vol.38 , pp. 442-463
    • Litaker, R.W.1    Vandersea, M.W.2    Kibler, S.R.3    Madden, V.J.4    Noga, E.J.5    Tester, P.A.6
  • 53
    • 0036916343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The life cycle and toxicity of Pfiesteria piscidida revisited
    • Burkholder JM, Glasgow HB: The life cycle and toxicity of Pfiesteria piscidida revisited. J Phycol 2002, 38:1261-1267.
    • (2002) J Phycol , vol.38 , pp. 1261-1267
    • Burkholder, J.M.1    Glasgow, H.B.2
  • 54
    • 0036910905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reply to comment on the life cycle and toxicity of Pfiesteria piscicida revisited
    • Litaker RW, Noga EJ, Tester PA: Reply to comment on the life cycle and toxicity of Pfiesteria piscicida revisited. J Phycol 2002, 38:1268-1272.
    • (2002) J Phycol , vol.38 , pp. 1268-1272
    • Litaker, R.W.1    Noga, E.J.2    Tester, P.A.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.