Effects of dietary protein and fermentable fiber on nitrogen excretion patterns and plasma urea in grower pigs

Journal of Animal Science

Volumn 80, Issue 12, 2002, Pages 3247-3256

  Zervas, S ^a,b   Zijlstra, R T ^a,c  

^a PRAIRIE SWINE CENTRE INC   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SASKATCHEWAN   (Canada)

^c NONE   (Canada)

Author keywords

Excretion; Fibers; Nitrogen; Pigs; Protein; Urea

Indexed keywords

BETA VULGARIS SUBSP. VULGARIS; SUS SCROFA;

NITROGEN; UREA;

ANIMAL; ARTICLE; BLOOD; CHEMISTRY; DIETARY FIBER; DOSE RESPONSE; FECES; FERMENTATION; METABOLISM; PROTEIN INTAKE; SWINE; URINE;

ANIMALS; DIETARY FIBER; DIETARY PROTEINS; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; FECES; FERMENTATION; NITROGEN; SWINE; UREA;

EID: 0037504377     PISSN: 00218812     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2527/2002.80123247x     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Aarnink, A. J. A. 1997. Ammonia emission from houses for growing pigs as affected by pen design, indoor climate and behaviour. Ph.D. Thesis, Agric. Univ. Wageningen, The Netherlands.
2. AOAC. 1990. Official Methods of Analysis. 15th ed. Assoc. Offic. Anal. Chem., Arlington, VA.
3. AOAC. 1995. Official Methods of Analysis. 16th ed. Assoc. Offic. Anal. Chem., Arlington, VA.
4. Batterham, E. S. 1984. Utilisation of free lysine by pigs. Pig News Info. 5:85-88.
5. Brown, J. A., and T. R. Cline. 1974. Urea excretion in the pig: an indicator of protein quality and amino acid requirements. J. Nutr. 104:542-545.
6. CCAC. 1993. Guide to the Care and Use of Experimental Animals. Vol. 1. Canadian Council on Animal Care, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
7. Canh, T. T., A. J. A. Aarnink, J. B. Schutte, A. Button, D. J. Langhout, and M. W. A. Verstegen. 1998a. Dietary protein affects nitrogen excretion and ammonia emission from slurry of growing-finishing pigs. Livest. Prod. Sci. 56:181-191.
8. Canh, T. T., A. L. Sutton, A. J. A. Aarnink, M. W. A. Verstegen, J. W. Schrama, and G. C. Bakker. 1998b. Dietary carbohydrates alter the fecal composition and pH and the ammonia emission from slurry of growing pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 76:1887-1895.
9. Canh, T. T., A. J. A. Aarnink, M. W. A. Verstegen, and J. W. Schrama. 1998c. Influence of dietary factors on the pH and ammonia emission of slurry from growing-finishing pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 76:1123-1130.
10. Canh, T. T., M. W. A. Verstegen, A. J. A. Aarnink, and J. W. Schrama. 1997. Influence of dietary factors on nitrogen partitioning and composition of urine and feces of fattening pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 75:700-706.
11. Chabeauti, E., J. Noblel, and B. Carre. 1991. Digestion of plant cell walls from four different sources in growing pigs. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 32:207-213.
12. Critser, D. J., P. S. Miller, and A. J. Lewis. 1995. The effects of dietary protein concentration on compensatory growth in barrows and gilts. J. Anim. Sci. 73:3376-3383.
13. Dourmad, J. Y., Y. Henry, D. Bourdon, N. Quiniou, and D. Guillou. 1993. Effect of growth potential and dietary protein input on growth performance, carcass characteristics and nitrogen output in growing-finishing pigs. Pages 206-211 in Proc. 1st Int. Symp. Nitrogen Flow in Pig Prod. Environ. Consequences. EAAP Publ. No. 69. Pudoc, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
14. Fenton, T. W., and M. Fenton. 1979. An improved procedure for the determination of chromic oxide in feed and feces. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 59:631-634.
15. Gatel, F., and F. Grosjean. 1992. Effect of protein content of the diet on nitrogen excretion by pigs. Livest. Prod. Sci. 31:109-120.
16. Kreuzer, M., A. Machmuller, M. M. Gerdemann, H. Hanneken, and M. Wittmann. 1998. Reduction of gaseous nitrogen from pig manure using feeds rich in easily fermentable non-starch polysaccharides. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 73:1-19.
17. Kyriazakis, I., and G. C. Emmans. 1995. The voluntary feed intake of pigs given feeds based on wheat bran, dried citrus pulp and grass meal, in relation to measurements of feed bulk. Br. J. Nutr. 73:191-207.
18. Le Bellego, L., J. van Milgen, S. Dubois, and J. Noblet. 2001. Energy utilization of low-protein diets in growing pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 79:1259-1271.
19. Lenis, N. P., H. T. M. van Diepen, P. Bikker, A. W. Jongbloed, and J. van der Meulen. 1999. Effect of the ratio between essential and nonessential amino acids in the diet on utilization of nitrogen and amino acids by growing pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 77:1777-1787.
20. Lopez, J., R. D. Goodband, G. L. Allee, G. W. Jesse, J. L. Nelssen, M. D. Tokach, D. Spiers, and B. A. Becker. 1994. The effects of diets formulated on an ideal protein basis on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and thermal balance of finishing gilts housed in a hot, diurnal environment. J. Anim. Sci. 72:367-379.
21. Morgan, C. A., and C. T. Whittemore. 1988. Dietary fibre and nitrogen excretion and retention by pigs. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 19:185-189.
22. Mosenthin, R., W. C. Sauer, H. Henkel, F. Ahrens, and C. F. M. de Lange. 1992. Tracer studies of urea kinetics in growing pigs. II. The effect of starch infusion at the distal ileum on urea recycling and bacterial nitrogen excretion. J. Anim. Sci. 70:3467-3472.
23. Mroz, Z., A. J. Moeser, K. Vreman, J. T. M. van Diepen, T. van Kempen, T. T. Canh, and A. W. Jongbloed. 2000. Effects of dietary carbohydrates and buffering capacity on nutrient digestibility and manure characteristics in finishing pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 78:3096-3106.
24. Noblet, J., Y. Henry, and S. J. Dubois. 1987. Effect of protein and lysine levels in the diet on body gain composition and energy utilization in growing pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 65:717-726.
25. NRC. 1998. Nutrient Requirements of Swine. 10th ed. Natl. Acad. Press, Washington, DC.
26. Partridge, I. G., A. G. Low, and H. D. Keal. 1985. A note on the effect of feeding frequency on nitrogen use in growing boars given diets with varying levels of free lysine. Anim. Prod. 40:375-377.
27. Roth, F. X., and M. Kirchgessner. 1985. Digestibility and intestinal rate of passage in pigs in response to feeding level and crude fiber content of the diet. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. 53:254-264.
28. Stanogias, G., and G. R. Pearce. 1985. The digestion of fibre by pigs. 1. The effects of amount and type of fibre on apparent digestibility, nitrogen balance and rate of passage. Br. J. Nutr. 53:513-530.
29. Stevens, R. J., R. J. Laughlin, and J. P. Frost. 1989. Effect of acidification with sulphuric acid on the volatilization of ammonia from cow and pig slurry. J. Agric. Sci. 113:389-395.
30. Younes, H., K. Garleb, S. Behr, C. Remesy, and C. Demigne. 1993. Fermentable fibers or oligosaccharides reduce urinary nitrogen excretion by increasing urea disposal in the rat cecum. J. Nutr. 125:1010-1016.
31. Zervas, S., and R. T. Zijlstra. 2002. Effects of dietary protein and oathull fiber on nitrogen excretion patterns and postprandial plasma urea profiles in grower pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 80:3238-3246.