The clinical practice impact of the Women's Health Initiative: Political vs biologic correctness

Maturitas

Volumn 44, Issue 1, 2003, Pages 3-9

  Notelovitz, Morris ^a  

^a Adult Women's Health and Medicine   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ESTROGEN; PROGESTERONE;

ANTICOAGULATION; ATHEROMA; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CLINICAL PRACTICE; DRUG ACTIVITY; EDITORIAL; ENDOMETRIUM CANCER; ENDOMETRIUM HYPERPLASIA; ESTROGEN THERAPY; FEMALE; HEALTH; HEALTH HAZARD; HUMAN; MENOPAUSE; OSTEOPOROSIS; SIDE EFFECT;

AGED; CORONARY DISEASE; ESTROGENS; FEMALE; HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY; HUMANS; MENOPAUSE; MIDDLE AGED; POSTMENOPAUSE; PROGESTERONE; WOMEN'S HEALTH;

EID: 0037472856     PISSN: 03785122     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0378-5122(02)00333-X     Document Type: Editorial

References (21)

1. Risks and Benefits of Estrogen plus Progestin in Healthy Postmenopausal Women. Principal results from the Women's Health Initiative Randomized Controlled Trial. JAMA. 288:2002;321-333.
2. Stevenson J.C., Whitehead M.I. Hormone replacement therapy findings of Women's Health Initiative trial need not alarm users. BMJ. 325:2002;113-114.
3. Gruber C.J., Tschugguel W., Schneeberger C., Huber J.C. Production and action of estrogens. N. Engl. Med. 3446:2002;340-352.
4. Clemons M., Goss P. Estrogen and the risk of breast cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 344:2001;276-285.
5. Cummings S.R., Duong T., Kenyon E., et al. Serum estradiol level and risk of breast cancer during treatment with raloxifene. JAMA. 287:2002;216-220.
6. Cummings S.R., Browne W.S., Bauer D., et al. Endogenous hormones and the risk of hip and vertebral fracture among older women. N. Engl. J. Med. 338:1998;733-738.
7. Pines A. Hormone therapy and the cardiovascular system. Maturitas 2002; 43(suppl. 1); S.3-S.10.
8. Davidson M.H., Maki K.C., Marx P., et al. Effects of continuous estrogen and estrogen-progestin replacement regimens on cardiovascular risk markers in post-menopausal women. Arch. Int. Med. 160:2000;3315-3325.
9. Pradhan D., Mannon J.E., Roussouw J.E., et al. Inflammatory biomarkers, hormone replacement therapy and incident coronary heart disease. Prospective analysis from the Women's Health Initiative observational study. JAMA. 28:2002;980-987.
10. Miyagawa K., Rosch, Stanczyk F., Hermsmeyer K. Medroxyprogesterone interferes with ovarian steroid protection against coronary vasospasm. Nat. Med. 3:1997;324-327.
11. Smit T.H., Burger E.H. Is BMU-coupling a strain-regulated phenomenon? A finite element analysis. J. Bone Miner. Res. 15:2002;301-317.
12. Notelovitz M. Estrogen therapy and osteoporosis: principles and practice. Am. J. Med. Sci. 313:1999;2-12.
13. Lindsay R., Gallagher J.C., Kleerekoper M., Pickar J.H. Effect of lower doses of conjugated estrogen with and without medroxyprogesterone acetate on bone in early post-menopausal women. JAMA. 287:2002;2668-2676.
14. Delmas P.D. Treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Lancet. 359:2002;2018-2026.
15. Nachtigall L.E., Raju U., Bannerjee S., et al. Serum estradiol-binding profiles in postmenopausal women undergoing three common estrogen replacement therapies:association with sex hormone-binding globulin, estradiol and estrone levels. Menopause. 7:2000;243-250.
16. Lobo R.A., Bush T., Carr B.R., Pickar J.H. Effects of lower doses of conjugate equine estrogen and medroxyprogesterone acetate on plasma lipids and lipoproteins, coagulation factors, and carbohydrate metabolism. Fertil. Steril. 76:2001;13-24.
17. Stanczyk F. Structure-function relationship, potency and pharmacokinetics of progestogens. Lobo R.A. Treatment of the postmenopausal woman: basic and clinical aspects. 1994;69-89 Raven Press, New York, NY.
18. Adams M.R., Register T.C., Golden D.L., et al. Medroxyprogesterone acetate antagonizes inhibitory effects of conjugated equine estrogens on coronary atherosclerosis. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 17:1997;217-221.
19. Seeger H., Wallweiner D., Mueck A.O. Effect of medroxyprogesterone acetate and norethindrone on serum-stimulated and estradiol-inhibited proliferation of human coronary artery smooth muscle cells. Menopause. 8:2001;5-9.
20. Herbert O., Kuhl H., Sandow J., et al. Sex steroids used in hormonal treatment increase vascular procoagulant activity by inducing thrombin receptor (part-1) expression: role of the glucocorticoid receptor. Circulation. 104:2001;2826-2831.
21. Gambacciani M., Monteleone P., Vitale C., et al. Dyprogesterone does not reverse the effects of estradiol on endothelium-dependant vasodilation in post-menopausal women: a randomized clinical trial. Maturitas. 43:2002;117-123.