Are political parties necessary?

Electoral Studies

Volumn 22, Issue 2, 2003, Pages 287-299

  Holmberg, Sören ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GOTHENBURG   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Party identification; Party based democracy; Political party

Indexed keywords

DEMOCRACY; ELECTORAL SYSTEM; PARTY POLITICS; POLITICAL SYSTEM;

EID: 0037409614     PISSN: 02613794     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0261-3794(02)00016-1     Document Type: Article

References (20)

1. Budge, I., Crewe, I., Farlie, D. (Eds.), 1976. Party Identification and Beyond. Wiley, New York.
2. Campbell, A., Converse, P., Miller, W., Stokes, D., 1960. The American Voter. Wiley, New York.
3. Dalton, R., 1999. Political support in advanced industrial democracies. In: Norris, P. (Ed.), Critical Citizens. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
4. Duverger, M., 1954. Political Parties: Their Organization and Activity in the Modern State. Methuen, London.
5. Easton, D., 1965. A Systems Analysis of Political Life. Wiley, New York.
6. Easton, D., 1975. A reassessment of the concept of political support. British Journal of Political Science 5, 435-457.
7. Eyestone, R., 1977. Confusion, diffusion, and innovation. American Political Science Review 77, 441-447.
8. Holmberg, S., 1994. Party identification compared across the Atlantic. In: Jennings, K., Mann, T. (Eds.), Elections at Home and Abroad. Essays in Honor of Warren E. Miller. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor.
9. Katz, R., Mair, P., 1995. Changing models of party organization and party democracy: the emergence of the cartel party. Party Politics 1, 5-28.
10. Kirchheimer, O., 1966. The transformation of the Western European party systems. In: LaPalombara, J.,Weiner, M. (Eds.), Political Parties and Political Development. Princeton University Press, Princeton.
11. Lipset, S.M., 1996. American Exceptionalism. A Double-Edged Sword. Norton, New York.
12. Mair, P., van Biezen, I., 1999. Trends in Enrolment in Political Parties in European Polities, with Particular Reference to Youth Enrollment. Stockholm: International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (IDEA).
13. Miller, W., 1999. Temporal order and causal inference. Political Analysis 8, 119-140.
14. Miller, W., Shanks, M., 1996. The New American Voter. Harvard University Press, Cambridge.
15. Olson, D., 1998. Party formation and party system consolidation in the new democracies of Central Europe. In: Hofferbert, R. (Ed.), Parties and Democracy. Blackwell, Oxford.
16. Panebianco, A., 1988. Political Parties: Organization and Power. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
17. Rogers, E., Shoemaker, F., 1971. Communication of Innovations: A Cross-Cultural Approach. The Free Press, New York.
18. Schmitt, H., Holmberg, S., 1995. Political parties in decline? In: Klingeman, H.-D., Fuchs, D. (Eds.), Citizens and the State. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
19. The Comparative Study of Electoral Systems, 2000. CSES Office, Institute for Social Research, Ann Arbor.
20. Widfeldt, A., 1999. Linking Parties with People? Party Membership in Sweden 1960-1997. Ashgate, Aldershot.