Metabolic and cardiovascular response to shallow water exercise in young and older women

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise

Volumn 35, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 675-681

  Campbell, Jennifer A ^a   D'Acquisto, Leo J ^b   D'Acquisto, Debra M ^b   Cline, Michael G ^c  

^a Providence Alaska Medical Center   (United States)

^b CENTRAL WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c Silver Mountain Sports Club   (United States)

Author keywords

AQUATIC EXERCISE; COLLEGE AGE; MET LEVEL; OLDER WOMEN

Indexed keywords

WATER;

ADULT; AGE; AGED; ARTICLE; CALORIMETRY; CARDIOVASCULAR RESPONSE; CLINICAL TRIAL; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENERGY METABOLISM; EXERCISE; FEMALE; HEART RATE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; KINESIOTHERAPY; METABOLIC RATE; PHYSICAL STRESS; PHYSIOLOGY; TASK PERFORMANCE;

ADULT; AGE FACTORS; AGED; ENERGY METABOLISM; EXERCISE; EXERCISE THERAPY; FEMALE; HEART RATE; HUMANS; MIDDLE AGED; PHYSICAL ENDURANCE; WATER;

EID: 0037387347     PISSN: 01959131     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1249/01.MSS.0000058359.87713.99     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SPORTS MEDICINE. Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription, 6th Ed. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2000, pp. 145-150.
2. BORG, G. V. Perceived exertion as an indicator of somatic stress. Scand. J. Rehabil. Med. 2:92-98, 1970.
3. CASE, L. Fitness Aquatics. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 1997, pp. 1-10.
4. D'ACQUISTO, L., D. D'ACQUISTO, and D. RENNE. Metabolic and cardiovascular responses in older women during shallow water exercise. J. Strength Cond. Res. 15:12-19, 2000.
5. DANIELS, J. T. Portable respiratory gas collection equipment. J. Appl. Physiol. 31:164-167, 1971.
6. ECKERSON, J., and T. ANDERSON. Physiological response to water aerobics. J. Sports Med. Phys. Fitness 32:255-261, 1992.
7. GASPARD, C. G. The effects of a seven week aqua step aerobic training program on aerobic capacity of college-aged females. Adult Fitness/Card. Rehabil. 2:10, 1989.
8. GLEIM, G. W., and J. A. NICHOLAS. Metabolic costs and heart rate responses to treadmill walking in water at different depths and temperatures. Am. J. Sports Med. 17:248-252, 1989.
9. GREEN, J. H., N. T. CABLE, and N. ELMS. Heart rate and oxygen consumption during walking on land and in deep water. J. Sports Med. Phys. Fitness 30:49-52, 1990.
10. HOMER, I. Energy cost of arm stroke, leg kick, and the whole stroke in competitive swimming style. J. Appl. Physiol. 33:105-118, 1974.
11. HUEY, L., and FORESTER, R. The Complete Waterpower Workout Book. New York: Random House, 1993, pp. 17-29.
12. INFERENTIAL STATISTICS. An Introduction to the ANOVA. New York: McGraw Hill, 1995, pp. 79-88.
13. JACKSON, A. S., and M. L. POLLOCK. Practical assessment of body composition. Physician Sportsmed. 13:76-80, 1985.
14. KIRWAN, J. P., D. L. COSTILL, M. G. FLYNN. Physiological responses to successive days of intense training in competitive swimmers. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 20:255-259, 1988.
15. KNECHT, S. Physical and psychological changes accompanying a 10 week aquatic exercise program. Nokomis, FL: Aquatic Exercise Association, 1991, 6 pp.
16. KRAVITZ, L., and J. J. MAYO. The physiological effects of aquatic exercise: a brief review by the aquatic research board, Nokomis, FL: Aquatic Exercise Association, 1997.
17. MANJONE, J., and P. L. MIRANDY. Deep water workout as a physical education activity. JOPERD 1:75-78, 1993.
18. MONTPETIT, R., A. DUVALLET, G. CAZORLA, and H. SMITH. The relative stability of maximal aerobic power in elite swimmers and its relation to training performance. J. Swim. Res. 3:15-18, 1987.
19. POLLOCK, M. L., A. S. JACKSON, and C. FOSTER. The use of the perception scale for exercise prescription. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 14:161-176, 1988,
20. ROUTI, R., J. TROUP, and R. BERGER. The effects of nonswimming water exercises on older adults. J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. 19:140-145, 1994.
21. SANDERS, M. E. Water fitness for older adults. IDEA Health Fitness Source 17:23-29, 1999.
22. SANDERS, M. E. Water exercise for seniors improves living on land. IDEA Health and Fitness Source 19:46-54, 2001.
23. SANDERS, M. E., and RIPPEE, N. E. The introduction to the Speedo aquatic fitness instructor training course. Aquatic Fitness Instructor's Training Manual, 1994, pp. 11.
24. SINDEY, K. H., and R. J. SHEPHARD. Perception of exertion in the elderly, effects of aging, mode of exercise, and physical training. Percept. Mot. Skills 44:999-1010, 1977.
25. SIRI, W. E. Body composition from fluid spaces and density: analysis of methods in techniques for measuring body composition. In: Techniques for Measuring Body Composition, J. Brozek and A. Henschel (Eds.). Washington, DC: National Academy of Science, National Research Council, 1961.
26. SVENDENHAG, and J. SEGER. Running on land and in water: comparative exercise physiology. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 24:1155-1160, 1992.
27. TANAKA, H., and D. R. SEALS. Age and gender interactions in physiological functional capacity: insight from swimming performance. J. Appl. Physiol. 82:846-851, 1997.
28. TOURRSAINT, H. M., K. WAKAYASHL, A. P. HOLLANDER, and F. OGITA. Simulated front crawl swimming performance related to critical speed and critical power. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 30:144-151, 1998.
29. WILLIAMS, D. P., S. B. GOING, T. G. LOHMAN, M. J. HEWITT, and A. E. HABER. Estimation of body fat from skinfold thickness in middle-aged and older men and women: a multiple component approach. Am. J. Hum. Biochem. 4:595-605, 1992.