St. Paul as a public relations practitioner: A metatheoretical speculation on messianic communication and symmetry

Public Relations Review

Volumn 29, Issue 1, 2003, Pages 1-12

  Brown, R E ^a  

^a SALEM STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0037373766     PISSN: 03638111     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0363-8111(02)00199-6     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. James M. Grunig (Ed.), Excellence in Public Relations and Communications Management, Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ, 1992;
2. See James M. Grunig, Jon White, The Effect of Worldviews on Public Relations, pp. 31-64;
3. The historical foundations of symmetrical theory are discussed in detail in James M. Grunig, Todd Hunt, Managing Public Relations, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Forth Worth, 1984, pp. 21-45;
4. For theory's inseparability from historical premises, see historical sociologist Margaret Somers, We're no angels: realism, rational choice and relationality in social science: a response to Edgar Kiser and Michael Hechter, American Journal of Sociology 104 (3), p. 722; Somers argues that theory cannot escape history and both misunderstands itself and introduces potential distortions into its work if it tries to do so.
5. D. Newsom, J. VanSlyke Turk, D. Kruckeberg, This is PR, Wadsworth, Belmont, CA, 2000, p. 8.
6. R.E. Brown, A.S. Rancer, Congruence of orientations toward public relations: a cross-cultural comparison of British and American practitioners, World Communication 22 (1) (1993), pp. 1-6.
7. D. Newsom, et al., op. cit., p. 30. In 1921, Bernays became the first practitioner to identify himself as a public relations counsel.
8. James M. Grunig, Todd Hunt, Managing Public Relations, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Forth Worth, 1984, p. 15.
9. Edgar F. Borgatta, Marie L. Borgatta (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Sociology, Vol. 2, Macmillan, New York, 1992, p. 838.;
10. Vincent Hazelton Jr., Carl H. Botan, The role of theory in public relations, in: Carl H. Botan, Vincent Hazelton Jr. (Eds.), Public Relations Theory, Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ, 1989, pp. 3-15.
11. A.N. Wilson, Paul: The Mind of the Apostle, W.W. Norton, New York, 1997, p. 14.
12. Ibid, p. 23.
13. Donald Harman Akenson, Saint Saul: A Skeletal Key to the Historical Jesus, Oxford, New York, 2000, passim.
14. A.N. Wilson, op. cit., p. 28.
15. E.P. Sanders, Paul: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford, New York, 1991, p. 9.
16. A.N. Wilson, op. cit., p. 6.
17. Jeffrey Hart, Smiling Through the Cultural Apocalypse: Toward the Revival of Higher Education, Yale University, New Haven, 2001, p. 111.
18. O.P. Jerome, Murphy-O'Connor, Paul: A Critical Life, Oxford, New York, p. 53.
19. Jeffrey Hart, op. cit., p. 107.
20. E.P. Sanders, op. cit., p. 10.
21. Donald Harman Akenson, op. cit., p. 109; see also pp. 321-328.
22. A.N. Wilson, op. cit., p. 94.
23. E.P. Sanders, op. cit., p. 37.
24. A.N. Wilson, op. cit., p. 86.
25. E.P. Sanders, op. cit., p. 14.
26. A.N. Wilson, op. cit., p. 13.
27. Henry Chadwick, The Enigma of Paul, Athlone Press, London, 1969, p. 19.
28. Donald Harman Akenson, op. cit., p. 142.
29. Aristotle, The Art of Rhetoric, Penguin Books, London, 2001, p. 75 (H.C. Lawson-Tancred, Trans.).
30. E.P. Sanders, op. cit., pp. 11-13.
31. Donald Harman Akenson, op. cit., pp. 148-149.
32. A.N. Wilson, op. cit., p. 77.
33. Donald Harman Akenson, op. cit., p. 8.
34. E.P. Sanders, op. cit., p. 30.
35. A.N. Wilson, op. cit., p. 92.
36. E.P. Sanders, op. cit., p. 13.
37. Ibid, p. 13.
38. Bruce W. Winter, Philo and Paul Among the Sophists, Cambridge University Press, New York, p. 13.
39. S.V. Johan, Paul's argumentation in Galatians 1-2, Harvard Theological Review 87 (1) (1994), p. 1.
40. Winter, op. cit., p. 215.
41. H.C. Lawson-Tancred, Aristotle: The Art of Rhetoric, Penguin Books, London, 1997, p. 2.
42. James E. Grunig, Jon White, op. cit., p. 40. At a conference on public relations theory at Illinois State University in 1989, Grunig argued that the asymmetrical worldview steers public relations practitioners toward actions that are unethical, socially irresponsible and ineffective.
43. Jerry A. Hendrix, Public Relations Cases, Belmont, CA, 2000. See the author's discussion of objectives in Chapter 1.
44. Wilson, op. cit., p. 20.
45. H. Gregory Snyder, Teachers and Texts in the Ancient World: Philosophers, Jews and Christians, Routledge, London, 2000, p. 195.
46. Murphy-O'Connor, op. cit., p. 131. The author argues that Luke "manipulates" the Pauline journeys to maintain the consistency of Luke's own narrative and gospel message.
47. Wilson, op. cit, pp. 17-43.
48. Ibid, p. 20.
49. Donald Harman Akenson, op. cit., p. 45.
50. H. Gregory Snyder, op. cit., p. 195.
51. David M. Dozier, Larissa A. Grunig, The organization of the public relations function, passim, in: James E. Grunig (Ed.), Excellence in Public Relations and Communication Management, Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ, 1992, pp. 395-417.
52. H. Gregory Snyder, op. cit., p. 166.
53. Ibid, p. 166.
54. Ibid, p. 196.
55. Ibid, p. 195.
56. Ibid, p. 197.
57. Ibid, p. 197.
58. Ibid, p. 197.
59. Ibid, p. 197.
60. Ibid, pp. 195-200.
61. Ibid, p. 197.
62. Ibid, p. 195.
63. Donald Harman Akenson, op. cit., p. 10. Thus, Yeshua of Nazareth, who appears to have been privately a religious teacher, is transformed by Saul into a divinity.