Correlation of lower-middle Llandovery sections in central and southern Estonia and sedimentation cycles of lime muds

Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences: Geology

Volumn 52, Issue 1, 2003, Pages 3-27

  Nestor, Heldur ^a   Einasto, Rein ^a   Männik, Peep ^a   Nestor, Viiu ^a  

^a TALLINN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Estonia)

Author keywords

Biostratigraphy; Chitinozoans; Conodonts; Correlation; Estonia; Llandovery; Sedimentation

Indexed keywords

BIOSTRATIGRAPHY; BIOZONATION; CONODONT; CYCLIC SEDIMENTATION; LITHOSTRATIGRAPHY; LLANDOVERIAN; MUD; PALEOECOLOGY; STRATIGRAPHIC CORRELATION;

ESTONIA;

ANCYROCHITINA; BELONECHITINA POSTROBUSTA; CHITINOZOA; CONOCHITINA; CONODONTA; DISTOMODUS; MALLEUS;

EID: 0037361657     PISSN: 14060132     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Aaloe, A., Kaljo, D., Klaamann, E., Nestor, H. & Einasto, R. 1976. Stratigraphical classification of the Estonian Silurian. ENSV TA Toim. Keemia Geol., 25, 38-45 (in Russian).
2. Ainsaar, L., Meidla, T., Martma, T. & Tinn, O. 2001. Upper Ordovician stable isotope correlation across the facies belts in the East Baltic. In WOGOGOB-2001 Abstracts (Harper, D. A. T. & Stouge, S., eds. , pp. 5-6. Copenhagen.
3. Armstrong, H. A. 1990. Conodonts from the Upper Ordovician-Lower Silurian carbonate platform of North Greenland. Grønlands Geol. Unders., 159.
4. Bickert, T., Pätzold, J., Samtleben, C. & Munnecke, A. 1997. Paleoenvironmental changes in the Silurian indicated by stable isotopes in brachiopod shells from Gotland, Sweden. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 61, 2717-2730.
5. Bischoff, G. C. O. 1986. Early and middle Silurian conodonts from midwestern New South Wales. Cour. Forschungsinst. Senckenberg, 89.
6. Caputo, M. V. 1998. Ordovician-Silurian glaciations and global sea-level changes. In Silurian Cycles. Linkages of Dynamic Stratigraphy with Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Tectonic Changes (Landing, E. & Johnson, M. E., eds.). New York State Mus. Bull., 491, 15-25.
7. Dufka, P. 1992. Lower Silurian chitinozoans of the Prague Basin (Barrandian Czechoslovakia) - preliminary results. Rev. Micropaleont., 35, 117-126.
8. Frakes, L. A., Francis, J. & Syktus, J. I. 1992. Climate Modes of the Phanerozoic: the History of the Earth's Climate Over the Past 600 Million Years. Cambridge University Press.
9. Jenkins, C. J. 1978. Llandovery and Wenlock stratigraphy of the Panuara area, central New South Wales. Limestone Soc. N.S.W. Proc., 102, 109-130.
10. Jeppsson, L. 1990. An oceanic model for lithological and faunal changes tested on the Silurian record. J. Geol. Soc. London, 147, 663-674.
11. Jeppsson, L. 1998. Silurian oceanic events: a summary of general characteristics. In Silurian Cycles. Linkages of Dynamic Stratigraphy with Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Tectonic Changes (Landing, E. & Johnson, M. E., eds.). New York State Mus. Bull., 491, 239-257.
12. Kaljo, D. 1970. Graptolites. In The Silurian of Estonia (Kaljo, D., ed.), pp. 179-185. Valgus, Tallinn (in Russian).
13. Kaljo, D. 1977. Structural and facial subdivisions of the East Baltic Silurian basin. In Facies and Fauna of the Baltic Silurian (Kaljo, D., ed.), pp. 6-13. Academy of.Sciences of the Estonian SSR, Tallinn (in Russian).
14. Kaljo, D. & Martma, T. 2000. Carbon isotopic composition of Llandovery rocks (East Baltic Silurian) with environmental interpretation. Proc. Estonian Acad. Sci. Geol., 49, 267-283.
15. Kaljo, D. & Vingisaar, P. 1969. On the sequence of the Raikküla Stage in southernmost Estonia. ENSV TA Toim. Keemia Geol., 18, 270-277 (in Russian).
16. Kaljo, D., Paškevičius, J. & Ulst, R. 1984. Graptolite zones of the East Baltic Silurian. In Stratigrafiya drevnepaleozojskikh otlozhenii Pribaltiki (Männil, R. & Mens, K., eds.), pp. 94-118. Akademiya nauk ESSR, Tallinn (in Russian).
17. Kaljo, D., Nestor, H., Polma, L. & Einasto, R. 1992. Late Ordovician glaciation and its reflection on sedimentation in Paleobaltic basin. In Major Biological Events in Earth History (Kaljo, D., Modzalevskaya, T. & Bogdanova, T., eds.), pp. 68-78. Tallinn (in Russian).
18. Loydell, D. K., Männik, P. & Nestor, V. Integrated biostratigraphy of the lower Silurian of the Aizputc-41 core, Latvia. Geol. Mag. (in press).
19. Männik, P. 1992. Upper Ordovician and lower Silurian conodonts in Estonia. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, University of Tartu, Estonia (in Russian).
20. Männik, P. 1994. Conodonts from the Pusku Quarry, lower Llandovery, Estonia. Proc. Estonian Acad. Sci. Geol., 43, 183-191.
21. Männik, P. 2001. Evolution of Early Silurian conodont faunas, and high-resolution stratigraphy. In Evolution of Life on the Earth: Proceedings of the II International Symposium "Evolution of Life on the Earth" November 12-15, 2001, Tomsk (Podobina, V. M., Rodygin, S. A., Savina, N. I. & Tatianin, G. M., eds.), pp. 202-205. NTL, Tomsk.
22. Miagkova, E. I., Nestor, H. E. & Einasto, R. E. 1977. Ordovician and Silurian Sequence of the Moiero River. Nauka Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk (in Russian).
23. Nestor, H. 1993. Catalogue of Silurian Stratigraphic Units and Stratotypes in Estonia and Latvia. Tallinn.
24. Nestor, H. 1997. Silurian. In Geology and Mineral Resources of Estonia (Raukas, A. & Teedumäe, A., eds.), pp. 89-106. Estonian Academy Publishers, Tallinn.
25. Nestor, H. & Einasto, R. 1977. Facies-sedimentary model of the Silurian Paleobaltic pericontinental basin. In Facies and Fauna of the Baltic Silurian (Kaljo, D., ed.), pp. 89-121. Academy of Sciences of the Estonian SSR, Tallinn (in Russian).
26. Nestor, H. & Einasto, R. 1997. Ordovician and Silurian carbonate sedimentation basin. In Geology and Mineral Resources of Estonia (Raukas, A. & Teedumäe, A., eds.), pp. 89-106. Estonian Academy Publishers, Tallinn.
27. Nestor, H. & Kala, E. 1968. A stratigraphic revision of the lowermost Silurian in the northern East Baltic area. In Stratigraphy of the Baltic Lower Paleozoic and Its Correlation with Other Areas (Grigelis, A., ed.), pp. 188-214. Mintis, Vilnius (in Russian).
28. Nestor, H. & Nestor, V. 2002. Upper Llandovery to middle Wenlock (Silurian) lithostratigraphy and chitinozoan biostratigraphy in southwestern Estonia and northernmost Latvia. Proc. Estonian Acad. Sci. Geol., 51, 67-87.
29. Nestor, H., Einasto, R., Nestor, V., Märss, T. & Viira, V. 2001. Type section, cyclicity, and correlation of the Riksu Formation (middle Wenlock, Estonia). Proc. Estonian Acad. Sci. Geol., 50, 149-173.
30. Nestor, V. 1994. Early Silurian Chitinozoans of Estonia and North Latvia. Academia, 4. Estonian Academy Publishers, Tallinn.
31. Nestor, V. 1998. Chitinozoan biofacies of late early Llandovery (Coronograptus cyphus) age. Proc. Estonian Acad. Sci. Geol., 47, 219-228.
32. Polma, L. 1982. Comparative Lithology of the Ordovician Carbonate Rocks in Northern and Middle East Baltic. Valgus, Tallinn.
33. Pratt, B. R. 2001. Calcification of cyanobacterial filaments: Girvanella and the origin of lower Paleozoic lime mud. Geology, 29, 763-766.
34. Rubel, M. 1977. Evolution of the genus Stricklandia (Pentamerida, brach.) in the Llandovery of Estonia. In Facies and Fauna of the Baltic Silurian (Kaljo, D., ed.), pp. 193-212. Academy of Sciences of the Estonian SSR, Tallinn (in Russian).
35. Verniers, J., Nestor, V., Paris, F., Dufka, P., Sutherland, S. & Van Grootel, G. 1995. A global Chitinozoa biozonation for the Silurian. Geol. Mag., 132, 651-666.