The Crabtree pegmatite, Spruce Pine District, North Carolina: Mineralization and host rock relationships

Southeastern Geology

Volumn 41, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 201-223

  Tappen, Christine M ^a   Smith, Michael S ^b  

^a DIVISION OF INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA WILMINGTON   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BERYL; EMERALD; GEOCHEMISTRY; HOST ROCK; MINERALIZATION; PEGMATITE; SCHIST; TOURMALINE;

UNITED STATES;

EID: 0037355667     PISSN: 00383678     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Abbott, R.N., and Raymond, L.A., 1984, The Ashe Metamorphic suite, northwest North Carolina: metamorphism and observations on geologic history: American Journal of Science, v. 284, p. 350 - 375.
2. Abbott, R.N., and Raymond, L.A., 1997, Petrology of pelitic and mafic rocks in the Ashe and Alligator Back metamorphic suites, northeast of the Grandfather Mountain Window in Stewart, K.G., Adams, M.G., and Trupe, C.H., eds., Paleozoic Structure, Metamorphism, and Tectonics of the Blue Ridge of Western North Carolina, Carolina Geological Society 1997 Field Trip and Annual Meeting, p. 87-101.
3. Aurisicchio, C., Grubessi, O., Zecchini, P., 1994, Infrared spectroscopy and crystal chemistry of the beryl group: The Canadian Mineralogist, v. 32, p. 55 - 68.
4. Bank, H., 1974, The emerald occurrence of Miku, Zambia: The Journal of Gemology, v. 14, p. 8 - 15.
5. Barros, C., 1985, The chemistry of emeralds and associated beryl in the Poragatu deposit, Brazil: Memorias congreso Latinoamericano de geologia, v. 1, p. 415 - 424.
6. Brobst, D.A., 1962, Geology of the Spruce Pine district, Avery, Mitchell and Yancey Counties, North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1122-A, 26p.
7. Broughton, P.L., 1974, Emerald deposits of western North Carolina: Earth Science, v. 27, p. 222 - 228.
8. Brown, P.L., Ellis, J. and Sylva, R.N. 1983, The hydrolysis of metal ions, 7, Beryllium II: Journal of Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions. p. 2001-2004.
9. Brown, Z.A., Aruscavage, P.J., Brown, F.W., Mei-Leung, Hearn P.P., Philpotts, J.A., 1985, Some compositional aspects of Mesozoic diabase sheets from the Durham area, North Carolina in Robinson G.R, and Froelich A.J. (eds), Proceedings of the Second U.S. Geological Survey workshop on the early Mesozoic basins of the Eastern United States: Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey, p. 103 - 106.
10. Cerny, P., 1975, Alkali variations in pegmatitic beryl and their petrogenetic implications: Neus Jahrbuch feur Mineralogie Abhanlungen, v. 123, p. 198 - 212.
11. Cerny, P., 1991, Rare-element granitic pegmatites Part 1: Anatomy and Internal evolution of pegmatite deposits: Geoscience Canada, v. 18, p. 49 - 81.
12. Dymek, R.F., and Smith, M.S., 1990, Geochemistry and origin of Archaean quartz-cordierite gneisses from the Godtabsfjord region, West Greenland: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 105, p. 715 - 730.
13. Furbish, W., 1972, Unusual quartz inclusions in North Carolina emerald: Gems and Gemology, v. 14, p. 34-37.
14. Garstone, J.D., 1981, The geological setting and origin of emerald deposits at Menzies, Western Australia: Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia, v. 64. p. 53 - 64.
15. Goldberg, S.A., and Dallmeyer, 1997, Chronology of Paleozoic metamorphism and deformation in the Blue Ridge thrust complex, North Carolina and Tennessee: American Journal of Science, v. 297, p. 488 - 526.
16. Graziani, G., Gubelin, E., Lucchesi, S., 1983, The genesis of an emerald from the Kitwe District, Zambia: Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Monatschefte, v. 4, p. 175 - 186.
17. Hammarstrom, J.M., 1989, Mineral chemistry of emeralds and some associated minerals from Pakistan and Afghanistan: An electron microprobe study in Kazmi, A.H., Snee, L.W., eds., Emeralds of Pakistan: Geology, gemology and genesis, New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, p. 125 - 150.
18. Hatcher, R.D., 1978a. Tectonics of the western Piedmont and the Blue Ridge, southern Appalachians: Review and speculation, American Journal of Science, v. 278, p. 276-304.
19. Heinrich, E.W., 1953, Zoning in pegmatite districts: American Mineralogist, v. 38: 1-2, p. 68-87.
20. Heinrich, E.W., 1962, Pegmatites in Rhys Sweden - examples of fluorite exomorphism: American Mineralogist, v. 47, p. 924 - 931.
21. Jahns, R.H., Griffitts, W.R., and Heinrich, E.W., 1952, Mica Deposits of the Southeastern Piedmont, Part I, General Features, U.S.G.S. Professional Paper 248-A 99 p.
22. Johnson, B.S., Miller, B., and Stewart, K., 2001, The nature and timing of Acadian deformation in the Southern Appalachian Blue Ridge constrained by the Spruce Pine Plutonic Suite, Western North Carolina: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 33, p. 30.
23. Kazmi, A.H., and Snee, L.W., eds., 1989, Emeralds of Pakistan: Geology, gemology and genesis: New York, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, 269 p.
24. Kish, S.A., 1989, Paleozoic thermal history of the Blue Ridge in southwestern North Carolina - constraints based upon mineral cooling ages and the ages of intrusive rocks: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 21, p. 45.
25. Laurs, B.M., 1995, Emerald mineralization and amphibolite wall-rock alteration at the Khaltaro pegmatite-hydrothermal vein system, Haramosh mountains, northern Pakistan: [M.S., Thesis], Oregon, Oregon State University, 131p.
26. Laurs, B.M., Dilles, B.M. and Snee, L.W., 1996, Emerald mineralization and metasomatism of amphibolite, Khaltaro granitic pegmatite-hydrothermal vein system, Haramosh Mountains, Northern Pakistan: The Canadian Mineralogist, v. 34, p. 1253-1286.
27. Laurs, B.M., Dilles, J.H., Wairrach, Y., Kausar, A.B., and Snee, L.W., 1998, Geological setting of symmetrically zone, miarolitic granitic pegmatites at Stak Nala, Nanga Parbat-Haramosh massif, northern Pakistan: The Canadian Mineralogist, v. 36, p. 1 - 47.
28. Lesure, F.G., 1968, Mica deposits of the Blue Ridge in North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 577, 124 p.
29. Lesure, F.G., 1992, Whole-rock and trace-element analyses of some alumina rich gneiss and schist from the Blue Ridge, North Carolina and Georgia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-429, 4 p.
30. London, D., 1986, Holmquistite as a guide to pegmatitic rare metal deposits: Economic Geology, v. 81, p. 704 - 712.
31. London, D., 1990, Internal Differentiation of rare-element pegmatites: A synthesis of recent research in Eds., Hannah. J.L., and Stein, H.J., Ore-bearing Granite Systems: Petrogenesis and Mineralizing Processes, Geological Society of America Special Paper 246, p. 35 - 50.
32. London, D., 1992, The application of experimental petrology to the genesis and crystallization of granitic pegmatites: The Canadian Mineralogist, v. 30, p. 499-540.
33. Misra, K.C, and Conte, J.A., 1991, Amphibolites of the Ashe and Alligator Back Formations, North Carolina: Samples of late Proterozoic-early Paleozoic Oceanic Crust: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 103, p. 737 - 750.
34. Nesse, 1991, Introduction to Optical Mineralogy: New York, Oxford University Press, 333 p.
35. Page, L.R., et al., 1953, Pegmatite Investigations 1942 - 1945: U.S.G.S. Professional Paper 247, 1-228.
36. Rankin, D.W., Espenshade, G.H., and Shaw, K.W., 1973, Stratigraphy and structure of the metamorphic belt in northwestern North Carolina and southwestern Virginia; a study from the Blue Ridge across the Brevard fault zone to the Sauratown Mountains anticlinorium: American Journal of Science, v. 273-A, p. 1-40.
37. Raymond, L.A., 1998, Geology of the Blue Ridge Belt of Northwestern North Carolina in Deposits and Landforms on the Piedmont Slopes of Roan, Rich, and Snake Mountains, Northwestern North Carolina and Northwestern Tennessee, Southeastern Friends of the Pleistocene 1998 Field Trip, p. 1 - 7.
38. Tappen, C., 1998, Beryl and tourmaline mineralization of the Crabtree pegmatite, Spruce Pine District, North Carolina: [M.S. Thesis]: Wilmington, North Carolina, The University of North Carolina at Wilmington, 115 pp.
39. Schwarz, D., 1991, Australian emeralds: Australian Gemologist, v. 17, p. 488 - 497.
40. Shearer, C.K., Papike, J.J., Simon, S.B., Laul J.C. and Christian R.P., 1984, Pegmatite/wallrock interactions, Black Hills, South Dakota: Progressive boron metasomatism adjacent to the Tip Top pegmatite: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 48, p. 2563 - 2579.
41. Shearer, C.K., Papike, J.J., Simon, S.B., and Laul, J.C., 1986, Pegmatite wall rock interactions, Black Hills, South Dakota: Interaction between pegmatite derived fluids and quartz-mica schist wall rock: American Mineralogist, v. 71, p. 518 - 539.
42. Sinkankas, J., 1981, Emerald and other beryls: Pennsylvania, Chilton, 665 p.
43. Snee, L.W., and Kazmi, A.H., 1989, Origin and classification of Pakistani and world emerald deposits in Kazmi, A.H., and Snee, L.W., eds., Emeralds of Pakistan: Geology, gemology and genesis: New York, Van Nostrand Reinhold, p. 229 - 236.
44. Staatz, M.H., Griffits, W.R., Barnett, P.R., 1965, Differences in the minor element composition of beryl of various environments: American Mineralogist, v. 50, p. 1783 - 1795.
45. Wiener, L.S., and Merschat, C.E., 1990, Field guidebook to the geology of the Central Blue Ridge of North Carolina and the Spruce Pine mining district: North Carolina Geological Survey, Division of Land Resources, 24 p.
46. Wood, D.L., and Nassau, K., 1968, Infrared spectra of foreign molecules in beryl: American Mineralogist, v. 53, p. 777 - 800.
47. Wood, P.A., 1996, Petrogenesis of the Spruce Pine pegmatites, North Carolina: [M.S. Thesis]: Blacksburg, VA., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 99 p.
48. Wood, S.A., 1992, Theoretical prediction of speciation and solubility of beryllium in Hydrothermal solution to 300°C at saturated vapor pressure: Application to bertrandite/phenakite deposits: Ore Geology Reviews, v. 7, p. 249-278.