The role of inflammation in respiratory impairment during Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia

Seminars in Respiratory Infections

Volumn 18, Issue 1, 2003, Pages 40-47

  Hahn, Peter Y ^a   Limper, Andrew H ^a  

^a MAYO CLINIC   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CYTOKINE; GAMMA INTERFERON INDUCIBLE PROTEIN 10; INTERLEUKIN 1; INTERLEUKIN 8; LUNG SURFACTANT; MACROPHAGE INFLAMMATORY PROTEIN 2; MONOCYTE CHEMOTACTIC PROTEIN 1; RANTES; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA;

HOST RESISTANCE; HUMAN; IMMUNE RESPONSE; INFLAMMATION; LUNG ALVEOLUS MACROPHAGE; NONHUMAN; PNEUMOCYSTIS CARINII; PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA; PNEUMONIA; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SCID MOUSE; T LYMPHOCYTE;

HUMANS; PNEUMONIA; PNEUMONIA, PNEUMOCYSTIS; RESPIRATORY INSUFFICIENCY;

EID: 0037349997     PISSN: 08820546     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1053/srin.2003.50004     Document Type: Review

References (67)

1. Sepkowitz KA: Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients without AIDS. Clin Infect Dis 17:S416-S422, 1993
2. Limper AH, Offord KP, Smith TF, et al: Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Differences in lung parasite number and inflammation in patients with and without AIDS. Am Rev Respir Dis 140:1204-1209, 1989
3. Ezekowitz RA, Williams DJ, Koziel H, et al: Uptake of Pneumocystis carinii mediated by the macrophage mannose receptor. Nature 351:155-158, 1991
4. Limper AH, Pottratz ST, Martin WJD: Modulation of Pneumocystis carinii adherence to cultured lung cells by a mannose-dependent mechanism. J Lab Clin Med 118:492-499, 1991
5. O'Riordan DM, Standing JE, Limper AH: Pneumocystis carinii glycoprotein A binds macrophage mannose receptors. Infect Immun 63:779-784, 1995
6. Pottratz ST, Martin WJD: Mechanism of Pneumocystis carinii attachment to cultured rat alveolar macrophages. J Clin Invest 86:1678-1683, 1990
7. Limper AH, Hoyte JS, Standing JE: The role of alveolar macrophages in Pneumocystis carinii degradation and clearance from the lung. J Clin Invest 99:2110-2117, 1997
8. Koziel H, Eichbaum Q, Kruskal BA, et al: Reduced binding and phagocytosis of Pneumocystis carinii by alveolar macrophages from persons infected with HIV-1 correlates with mannose receptor downregulation. J Clin Invest 102:1332-1344, 1998
9. Hoffman OA, Standing JE, Limper AH: Pneumocystis carinii stimulates tumor necrosis factor-α release from alveolar macrophages through a β-glucan-mediated mechanism. J Immunol 150:3932-3940, 1993
10. Chen W, Havell EA, Harmsen AG: Importance of endogenous tumor necrosis factor α and γ interferon in host resistance against Pneumocystis carinii infection. Infect Immun 60:1279-1284, 1992
11. Kolls JK, Lei D, Vazquez C, et al: Exacerbation of murine Pneumocystis carinii infection by adenoviral-mediated gene transfer of a TNF inhibitor. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 16:112-118, 1997
12. Yu ML, Limper AH: Pneumocystis carinii induces ICAM-1 expression in lung epithelial cells through a TNF-αmediated mechanism. Am J Physiol 273:L1103-1111, 1997
13. Ulich TR, Watson LR, Yin SM, et al: The intratracheal administration of endotoxin and cytokines. I. Characterization of LPS-induced IL-1 and TNF mRNA expression and the LPS-, IL-1-, and TNF-induced inflammatory infiltrate. Am J Pathol 138:1485-1496, 1991
14. Matsumoto Y, Matsuda S, Tegoshi T: Yeast glucan in the cyst wall of Pneumocystis carinii. J Protozool 36:21S-22S, 1989
15. Kollar R, Petrakova E, Ashwell G, et al: Architecture of the yeast cell wall. The linkage between chitin and beta(1→3)glucan. J Biol Chem 270:1170-1178, 1995
16. Abel G, Czop JK: Stimulation of human monocyte β-glucan receptors by glucan particles induces production of TNF-α and IL-1 β. Int J Immunopharmacol 14:1363-1373, 1992
17. Castro M, Morgenthaler TI, Hoffman OA, et al: Pneumocystis carinii induces the release of arachidonic acid and its metabolites from alveolar macrophages. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 9:73-81, 1993
18. Vassallo R, Standing JE, Limper AH: Isolated Pneumocystis carinii cell wall glucan provokes lower respiratory tract inflammatory responses. J Immunol 164:3755-3763, 2000
19. Yan J, Vetvicka V, Xia Y, et al: β-glucan, a "specific" biologic response modifier that uses antibodies to target tumors for cytotoxic recognition by leukocyte complement receptor type 3 (CD11b/CD18). J Immunol 163:3045-3052, 1999
20. Vetvicka V, Thornton BP, Ross GD: Soluble β-glucan polysaccharide binding to the lectin site of neutrophil or natural killer cell complement receptor type 3 (CD11b/CD18) generates a primed state of the receptor capable of mediating cytotoxicity of iC3b-opsonized target cells. J Clin Invest 98:50-61, 1996
21. Brown GD, Gordon S: Immune recognition. A new receptor for β-glucans. Nature 413:36-37, 2001
22. Benfield TL, van Steenwijk R, Nielsen TL, et al: Interleukin-8 and eicosanoid production in the lung during moderate to severe Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS: A role of interleukin-8 in the pathogenesis of P. carinii pneumonia. Respir Med 89:285-290, 1995
23. Benfield TL, Vestbo J, Junge J, et al: Prognostic value of interleukin-8 in AIDS-associated Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 151:1058-1062, 1995
24. Gupta S, Feng L, Yoshimura T, et al: Intra-alveolar macrophage-inflammatory peptide 2 induces rapid neutrophil localization in the lung. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 15:656-663, 1996
25. Schmal H, Shanley TP, Jones ML, et al: Role for macrophage inflammatory protein-2 in lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury in rats. J Immunol 156:1963-1972, 1996
26. Hahn PY, Limper AH: Pneumocystis beta-glucan induces release of macrophage inflammatory protein-2 from primary rat alveolar epithelial cells via a receptor distinct from CD11b/CD1b. J Eukaryot Microbiol 141S, 2001 (suppl)
27. Phair J, Munoz A, Detels R, et al: The risk of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia among men infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study Group [see comments]. N Engl J Med 322:161-165, 1990
28. Shellito J, Suzara VV, Blumenfeld W, et al: A new model of Pneumocystis carinii infection in mice selectively depleted of helper T lymphocytes. J Clin Invest 85:1686-1693, 1990
29. Roths JB, Marshall JD, Allen RD, et al: Spontaneous Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in immunodeficient mutant SCID mice. Natural history and pathobiology. Am J Pathol 136:1173-1186, 1990
30. Wright TW, Gigliotti F, Finkelstein JN, et al: Immunemediated inflammation directly impairs pulmonary function, contributing to the pathogenesis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. J Clin Invest 104:1307-1317, 1999
31. Roths JB, Sidman CL: Both immunity and hyperresponsiveness to Pneumocystis carinii result from transfer of CD4+ but not CD8+ T cells into severe combined immunodeficiency mice. J Clin Invest 90:673-678, 1992
32. Harmsen AG, Stankiewicz M: Requirement for CD4+ cells in resistance to Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in mice. J Exp Med 172:937-945, 1990
33. Beck JM, Harmsen AG: Lymphocytes in host defense against Pneumocystis carinii. Semin Respir Infect 13:330-338, 1998
34. Kelner GS, Kennedy J, Bacon KB, et al: Lymphotactin: A cytokine that represents a new class of chemokine. Science 266:1395-1399, 1994
35. Wright TW, Johnston CJ, Harmsen AG, et al: Chemokine gene expression during Pneumocystis carinii-driven pulmonary inflammation. Infect Immun 67:3452-3460, 1999
36. Beck JM, Liggitt HD, Brunette EN, et al: Reduction in intensity of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in mice by aerosol administration of γ interferon. Infect Immun 59:3859-3862, 1991
37. Downing JF, Kachel DL, Pasula R, et al: Gamma interferon stimulates rat alveolar macrophages to kill Pneumocystis carinii by L-arginine- and tumor necrosis factor-dependent mechanisms. Infect Immun 67:1347-1352, 1999
38. Wright TW, Gigliotti F, Finkelstein JN, et al: Immunemediated inflammation directly impairs pulmonary function, contributing to the pathogenesis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. J Clin Invest 104:1307-1317, 1999
39. Beck JM, Warnock ML, Curtis JL, et al: Inflammatory responses to Pneumocystis carinii in mice selectively depleted of helper T lymphocytes. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 5:186-197, 1991
40. Beck JM, Newbury RL, Palmer BE, et al: Role of CD8+ lymphocytes in host defense against Pneumocystis carinii in mice. J Lab Clin Med 128:477-487, 1996
41. Luo Y, Laning J, Devi S, et al: Biologic activities of the murine β-chemokine TCA3. J Immunol 153:4616-4624, 1994
42. Standiford TJ, Kunkel SL, Phan SH, et al: Alveolar macrophage-derived cytokines induce monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression from human pulmonary type II-like epithelial cells. J Biol Chem 266:9912-9918, 1991
43. Standiford TJ, Kunkel SL, Basha MA, et al: Interleukin-8 gene expression by a pulmonary epithelial cell line. A model for cytokine networks in the lung. J Clin Invest 86:1945-1953, 1990
44. Vassallo R, Kottom TJ, Standing JE, et al: Vitronectin and fibronectin function as glucan binding proteins augmenting macrophage responses to Pneumocystis carinii. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 25:203-211, 2001
45. Xavier AM, Isowa N, Cai L, et al: Tumor necrosis factor-α mediates lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage inflammatory protein-2 release from alveolar epithelial cells. Autoregulation in host defense. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 21: 510-520, 1999
46. McKee CM, Penno MB, Cowman M, et al: Hyaluronan (HA) fragments induce chemokine gene expression in alveolar macrophages. The role of HA size and CD44. J Clin Invest 98:2403-2413, 1996
47. Benfield TL, Prento P, Junge J, et al: Alveolar damage in AIDS-related Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Chest 111: 1193-1199, 1997
48. Pottratz ST, Martin WJD: Role of fibronectin in Pneumocystis carinii attachment to cultured lung cells. J Clin Invest 85:351-356, 1990
49. Limper AH, Standing JE, Hoffman OA, et al: Vitronectin binds to Pneumocystis carinii and mediates organism attachment to cultured lung epithelial cells. Infect Immun 61:4302-4309, 1993
50. Limper AH, Martin WJD: Pneumocystis carinii: Inhibition of lung cell growth mediated by parasite attachment. J Clin Invest 85:391-396, 1990
51. Beck JM, Preston AM, Wagner JG, et al: Interaction of rat Pneumocystis carinii and rat alveolar epithelial cells in vitro. Am J Physiol 275:L118-L125, 1998
52. Tran Van Nhieu J, Vojtek AM, Bernaudin JF, et al: Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis associated with Pneumocystis carinii. Ultrastructural identification in bronchoalveolar lavage in AIDS and immunocompromised non-AIDS patients. Chest 98:801-805, 1990
53. Phelps DS, Umstead TM, Rose RM, et al: Surfactant protein-A levels increase during Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the rat. Eur Respir J 9:565-570, 1996
54. Limper AH, O'Riordan DM, Vuk-Pavlovic Z, et al: Accumulation of surfactant protein D in the lung during Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. J Eukaryot Microbiol 1994;41:98S
55. Crouch EC: Collectins and pulmonary host defense. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 19:177-201, 1998
56. Limper AH, Crouch EC, O'Riordan DM, et al: Surfactant protein-D modulates interaction of Pneumocystis carinii with alveolar macrophages [see comments]. J Lab Clin Med 126:416-422, 1995
57. Williams MD, Wright JR, March KL, et al: Human surfactant protein A enhances attachment of Pneumocystis carinii to rat alveolar macrophages. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 14:232-238, 1996
58. O'Riordan DM, Standing JE, Kwon KY, et al: Surfactant protein D interacts with Pneumocystis carinii and mediates organism adherence to alveolar macrophages. J Clin Invest 95:2699-2710, 1995
59. Zimmerman PE, Voelker DR, McCormack FX, et al: 120-kD surface glycoprotein of Pneumocystis carinii is a ligand for surfactant protein A. J Clin Invest 89:143-149, 1992
60. Koziel H, Phelps DS, Fishman JA, et al: Surfactant protein-A reduces binding and phagocytosis of Pneumocystis carinii by human alveolar macrophages in vitro. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 18:834-843, 1998
61. Limper AH, O'Riordan DM, Standing JE, et al: Surfactant protein D modulates macrophage release of TNF-α in response to Pneumocystis carinii and LPS. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 149:A982, 1994
62. Sheehan PM, Stokes DC, Yeh YY, et al: Surfactant phospholipids and lavage phospholipase A2 in experimental Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Am Rev Respir Dis 134:526-531, 1986
63. Wright TW, Notter RH, Wang Z, et al: Pulmonary inflammation disrupts surfactant function during Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Infect Immun 69:758-764, 2001
64. Robertson B, Kobayashi T, Ganzuka M, et al: Experimental neonatal respiratory failure induced by a monoclonal antibody to the hydrophobic surfactant-associated protein SP-B. Pediatr Res 30:239-243, 1991
65. Kobayashi T, Nitta K, Takahashi R, et al: Activity of pulmonary surfactant after blocking the associated proteins SP-A and SP-B. J Appl Physiol 71:530-536, 1991
66. Beers MF, Atochina EN, Preston AM, et al: Inhibition of lung surfactant protein B expression during Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in mice [see comments]. J Lab Clin Med 133:423-433, 1999
67. Pryhuber GS, Bachurski C, Hirsch R, et al: Tumor necrosis factor-α decreases surfactant protein B mRNA in murine lung. Am J Physiol 270:L714-L721, 1996