Rosalind Franklin and the Double Helix

Physics Today

Volumn 56, Issue 3, 2003, Pages 42-48

  Elkin, Lynne Osman ^a  

^a CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BIOGRAPHIES; DNA SEQUENCES; MOLECULAR STRUCTURE; RESEARCH; RNA; VIRUSES;

HELIX STRUCTURE (DNA); SCIENTISTS;

DNA;

EID: 0037343558     PISSN: 00319228     EISSN: None     Source Type: Trade Journal    
DOI: 10.1063/1.1570771     Document Type: Review

References (27)

1. J. D. Bernal, Nature 182, 154 (1958).
2. S. Furberg, Acta Crystallogr. 3, 325 (1950); Acta Chem. Scand. 6, 634 (1952).
3. S. Furberg, Acta Crystallogr. 3, 325 (1950); Acta Chem. Scand. 6, 634 (1952).
4. These figures are quoted in Franklin's 1952 Medical Research Council report and her unpublished 17 March 1953 draft paper. The draft was discovered many years later and written about by A. Klug in Nature 219, 808 (1968); 219, 843 (1968); 248, 787 (1974).
5. These figures are quoted in Franklin's 1952 Medical Research Council report and her unpublished 17 March 1953 draft paper. The draft was discovered many years later and written about by A. Klug in Nature 219, 808 (1968); 219, 843 (1968); 248, 787 (1974).
6. These figures are quoted in Franklin's 1952 Medical Research Council report and her unpublished 17 March 1953 draft paper. The draft was discovered many years later and written about by A. Klug in Nature 219, 808 (1968); 219, 843 (1968); 248, 787 (1974).
7. W. T. Astbury, F. O. Bell, Nature 141, 747 (1938); Cold Spring Harb. Symp. Quant. Biol. 6, 112 (1938).
8. W. T. Astbury, F. O. Bell, Nature 141, 747 (1938); Cold Spring Harb. Symp. Quant. Biol. 6, 112 (1938).
9. R. E. Franklin, R. G. Gosling, Acta Crystallogr. 6, 673 (1953); 6, 678 (1953).
10. R. E. Franklin, R. G. Gosling, Acta Crystallogr. 6, 673 (1953); 6, 678 (1953).
11. J. Broomhead, Acta Crystallogr. 4, 92 (1951).
12. A. Klug, Nature 219, 808 (1968); 219, 843 (1968); 248, 787 (1974).
13. A. Klug, Nature 219, 808 (1968); 219, 843 (1968); 248, 787 (1974).
14. A. Klug, Nature 219, 808 (1968); 219, 843 (1968); 248, 787 (1974).
15. M. Bailey, American Women in Science: A Biographical Dictionary, ABC-CLIO, Santa Barbara, Calif. (1994); G. Kass-Simon, P. Farnes, eds., Women of Science: Righting the Record Indiana U. Press, Bloomington, Ind. (1990); M. B. Ogilvie, Women in Science: Antiquity Through the Nineteenth Century. A Biographical Dictionary With Annotated Bibliography, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass. (1986); M. W. Rossiter, Women Scientists in America: Struggles and Strategies to 1940, Johns Hopkins U. Press, Baltimore, Md. (1982); M. W. Rossiter, Women Scientists in America: Before Affirmative Action, 1940-1972, Johns Hopkins U. Press, Baltimore, Md. (1995).
16. M. Bailey, American Women in Science: A Biographical Dictionary, ABC-CLIO, Santa Barbara, Calif. (1994); G. Kass-Simon, P. Farnes, eds., Women of Science: Righting the Record Indiana U. Press, Bloomington, Ind. (1990); M. B. Ogilvie, Women in Science: Antiquity Through the Nineteenth Century. A Biographical Dictionary With Annotated Bibliography, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass. (1986); M. W. Rossiter, Women Scientists in America: Struggles and Strategies to 1940, Johns Hopkins U. Press, Baltimore, Md. (1982); M. W. Rossiter, Women Scientists in America: Before Affirmative Action, 1940-1972, Johns Hopkins U. Press, Baltimore, Md. (1995).
17. M. Bailey, American Women in Science: A Biographical Dictionary, ABC-CLIO, Santa Barbara, Calif. (1994); G. Kass-Simon, P. Farnes, eds., Women of Science: Righting the Record Indiana U. Press, Bloomington, Ind. (1990); M. B. Ogilvie, Women in Science: Antiquity Through the Nineteenth Century. A Biographical Dictionary With Annotated Bibliography, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass. (1986); M. W. Rossiter, Women Scientists in America: Struggles and Strategies to 1940, Johns Hopkins U. Press, Baltimore, Md. (1982); M. W. Rossiter, Women Scientists in America: Before Affirmative Action, 1940-1972, Johns Hopkins U. Press, Baltimore, Md. (1995).
18. M. Bailey, American Women in Science: A Biographical Dictionary, ABC-CLIO, Santa Barbara, Calif. (1994); G. Kass-Simon, P. Farnes, eds., Women of Science: Righting the Record Indiana U. Press, Bloomington, Ind. (1990); M. B. Ogilvie, Women in Science: Antiquity Through the Nineteenth Century. A Biographical Dictionary With Annotated Bibliography, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass. (1986); M. W. Rossiter, Women Scientists in America: Struggles and Strategies to 1940, Johns Hopkins U. Press, Baltimore, Md. (1982); M. W. Rossiter, Women Scientists in America: Before Affirmative Action, 1940-1972, Johns Hopkins U. Press, Baltimore, Md. (1995).
19. M. Bailey, American Women in Science: A Biographical Dictionary, ABC-CLIO, Santa Barbara, Calif. (1994); G. Kass-Simon, P. Farnes, eds., Women of Science: Righting the Record Indiana U. Press, Bloomington, Ind. (1990); M. B. Ogilvie, Women in Science: Antiquity Through the Nineteenth Century. A Biographical Dictionary With Annotated Bibliography, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass. (1986); M. W. Rossiter, Women Scientists in America: Struggles and Strategies to 1940, Johns Hopkins U. Press, Baltimore, Md. (1982); M. W. Rossiter, Women Scientists in America: Before Affirmative Action, 1940-1972, Johns Hopkins U. Press, Baltimore, Md. (1995).
20. See for example, W. Sullivan in J. D. Watson's The Double Helix: A Personal Account of the Discovery of the Structure of DNA, Norton Critical Edition, G. S. Stent, ed., W. W. Norton, New York (1980). Copies of original letters are in the Norman Collection on the History of Molecular Biology in Novato, Calif.
21. F. H. Portugal, J. S. Cohen, A Century of DNA: A History of the Discovery of the Structure and Function of the Genetic Substance, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass. (1977); H. F. Judson, The Eighth Day of Creation: Makers of the Revolution in Biology, CSHL Press, Plainview, N.Y. (1996).
22. F. H. Portugal, J. S. Cohen, A Century of DNA: A History of the Discovery of the Structure and Function of the Genetic Substance, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass. (1977); H. F. Judson, The Eighth Day of Creation: Makers of the Revolution in Biology, CSHL Press, Plainview, N.Y. (1996).
23. R. C. Olby, The Path to the Double Helix: The Discovery of DNA, Dover, New York (1994).
24. B. Maddox, Rosalind Franklin: The Dark Lady of DNA, HarperCollins, New York (2002).
25. The original letter is in the Anne Sayre Collection of the Microbiological Society Archives at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County. See also ref. 12.
26. The original 5 March 1976 letter is in the Anne Sayre Collection of the Microbiological Society Archives at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County. See also ref. 12.
27. H. R. Wilson. Trends Biochem. Sci. 13, 275 (1988).