Snowpack and precipitation chemistry at high altitudes

Atmospheric Environment

Volumn 37, Issue 9-10, 2003, Pages 1231-1242

  Hidy, George M ^a  

^a Envair/Aerochem   (United States)

Author keywords

High altitude geochemistry; Precipitation chemistry; Snow chemistry; Sulfur and nitrogen oxides

Indexed keywords

PRECIPITATION (CHEMICAL); SNOW; SULFUR; TROPOSPHERE;

SNOWPACK CHEMISTRY;

ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY;

ION; SNOW;

ALTITUDE; ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; CHEMICAL COMPOSITION; PRECIPITATION QUALITY; SNOW;

ALTITUDE; ARTICLE; ATMOSPHERE; CHEMISTRY; EUROPE; GEOCHEMISTRY; POLAR ICE CAP; PRECIPITATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TROPOSPHERE; UNITED STATES; WET DEPOSITION;

ROCKY MOUNTAINS; UNITED STATES;

EID: 0037332370     PISSN: 13522310     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1352-2310(02)01024-5     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Baisden W.T., Blum J.D., Miller E.K., Friedland A.J. Elemental concentrations in fresh snowfall across a regional transect in the northeastern US. apparent sources and contribution to acidity Water, Air, and Soil Pollution. 84:1995;269-286.
2. Delmas R.J. Polar precipitation chemistry. Schwartz S., Slinn W.G.N. Precipitation Scavenging and Atmosphere-Surface exchange. Vol. 3:1992;1669-1689 Hemisphere Publ Corp, Washington, DC.
3. Dubowski Y., Colussi A.J., Hoffmann M. Nitrogen dioxide release in the 302. nm band photolysis of spray frozen aqueous nitrate solutions. Atmospheric implications Journal of Physical Chemistry A. 105:2001;4923-4932.
4. Fischer H., Wagenbach D., Kipfstuhl J. Sulfate and nitrate firn concentrations on the Greenland ice sheet. 1. Large scale geographical deposition changes. Journal of Geophysical Research. 103:1998;21927-21934.
5. Hackley K., Anderson T. Sulfur isotopic variations in low sulfur coals from the Rocky Mountain region. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. 50:1986;1703-1713.
6. Heuer K., Tonnessen K.A., Ingersoll G.P. Comparison of precipitation chemistry in the central Rocky Mountains, Colorado, USA. Atmospheric Environment. 34:2000;1713-1722.
7. Hidy, G.M., 1995. Acid deposition and air quality related values in the North-Central Colorado wilderness areas. Report TR-105192, EPRI, Palo Alto, CA.
8. Hidy, G.M., Bleck, R., Blifford Jr., I.H., Brown, P.M., Langer, G., Lodge Jr., J.P., Rosinski, J., Shedlovsky, J.P., 1970. Observations of Aerosols over Northeastern Colorado. Technical Note TN-49, National Center for Atmospheric Environment, Boulder, CO, 64pp.
9. Hidy G.M., Hansen D.A., Henry R.C., Ganesan K., Collins J. Trends in historical precursor emissions and their airborne and precipitation products. Journal of the Air Pollution Control Association. 31:1984;333-354.
10. x from sunlight-irradiated midlatitude snow. Geophysical Research Letters 27, 2237-2240.
11. Husar, R.B., Lodge Jr., J.P., Moore, D.J., 1978. Sulfur in the Atmosphere. Pergamon Press, London, 816pp.
12. Iida T., Ueki K., Tsukahara H., Kajihara A. Point physical model of movement of ions through natural snow cover. Journal of Hydrology. 235:2000;170-182.
13. Irving, P. (Ed.), 1991. State of Science and Technology, Vol. 1. National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program, Washington, DC, Report 6.
14. Junge C.E., Werby R.J. The concentration of chloride, sodium, potassium, calcium, sulfate in rainwater over the United States. Journal of Meteorology. 15:1958;417-425.
15. Laird L.B., Taylor H.E., Kennedy V.C. Snow chemistry of the Cascade-Sierra Nevada Mountains. Environmental Science and Technology. 20:1986;275-290.
16. Lewis W. Jr., Grant M., Sanders III J. Chemical patterns of bulk atmospheric deposition in the state of Colorado. Water Resources Research. 20:1984;1691-1704.
17. Lodge Jr., J.P., Pate, J.B., Basbergill, W., Swanson, G.S., Hill, K.C., Lorange, E., Lazrus, A.L., 1968. Chemistry of United States precipitation. Final Report of the National Precipitation Sampling Network, Boulder, CO, National Center for Atmospheric Research, 66pp.
18. Marinoni A., Polesello S., Smiraglia C., Valsecchi S. Chemical composition of fresh snow samples from the southern slope of Mt. Everest region (Khumbu-Himal region, Nepal). Atmospheric Environment. 35:2001;3183-3190.
19. Mast M.A., Turk J.T., Ingersoll G.P., Clow D.W., Kester C.L. Use of stable sulfur isotopes to identify sources of sulfate in Rocky Mountain snowpacks. Atmospheric Environment. 35:2001;3303-3313.
20. Mulvaney R., Wagenbach D., Wolff E.W. Postdepositional change in snowpack nitrate from observation of year-around near-surface snow in coastal Antarctica. Journal of Geophysical Research. 103:1998;11021-11031.
21. National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP), 1995. National Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network: a Descriptive Summary. NADP/NTN, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO (also Illinois Water Survey, Champagne, IL).
22. National Research Council (NRC), 1986. Acid Deposition: Long Term Trends. National Academy Press, Washington, DC, 506pp.
23. Nickus U., Kuhn M., Baltensperger U., Delmas R., Gaggeler H., Kasper A., Kromp-Kolb H., Maupetit F., Novo A., Pichmayer F., Seibert P., Staudinger M., Trockner V., Wagenbach D., Winiwarter W. SNOSP. ion deposition and concentration in high alpine snowpacks Tellus. 49B:1997;56-71.
24. Peden, M.E., 1986. Methods of collection and analysis of wet deposition. Report No. 381, Illinois Water Survey, Champaign, IL.
25. Sanders, F., Hidy, G., Snider, J., 1996. Evaluation of USGS Snowpack Data with Emphasis on the Mt. Zirkel Region of Colorado. Unpublished Report Prepared for Public Service Col of Colorado, and Tri State Generation and Transmission Assn., McCulley, Frick and Gilman, Inc., Boulder, CO.
26. Shrestha A.B., Wake C.P., Dibb J.E. Chemical composition of aerosol and snow in the High Himalaya during the summer monsoon season. Atmospheric Environment. 31:1997;2815-2826.
27. Stensland, G., Bowersox, V.E., 1984. Quality assurance in acid precipitation monitoring through the use of ion balance calculations. In: Transaction of the APCA International Specialty Conference on Quality Assurance in Air Pollution Measurements. Air Pollution Control Association (Air and Waste Management Association), Pittsburgh, PA, pp. 425-443.
28. Stottlemyer R., Troendle C.A., Markowitz D. Change in snowpack, soil water and streamwater chemistry with elevation during 1990, Fraser Experimental Forest, Colorado. Journal of Hydrology. 195:1997;114-136.
29. Turk, J., Campbell, D.H., Ingersoll, G.P., Clow, D.A., 1992. Initial findings of synoptic snowpack sampling in the Colorado Rocky Mountains. Open-File Report 92-645, US Geological Survey, Denver, CO.
30. Turk J.T., Campbell D.H., Spahr N.E. Use of chemistry and stable sulfur isotopes to determine sources of trends in sulfate of Colorado lakes. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution. 67:1993;415-431.
31. Turk J.T., Taylor H.E., Ingersoll G.P., Tonnessen K.A., Clow D.W., Mast M.A., Campbell D.H., Melack J.M. Major-ion chemistry of the Rocky Mountain snowpack, USA. Atmospheric Environment. 35:2001;3957-3966.
32. Valsecchi S., Smiraglia C., Tartari G., Polesello S. Chemical composition of monsoon deposition in the Everest region. Science of the Total Environment. 226:1999;187-199.
33. 2.5 chemical source profiles for vehicle exhaust, vegetative burning, geological material and coal burning in Northwestern Colorado during 1995. Chemosphere. 43:2001;1141-1151.
34. 2.5 in the Mount Zirkel Wilderness Energy and Fuels. 16:2002;311-324.
35. Whitlow S., Mayewski P.A., Dibb J.E. A comparison of major chemical species seasonal concentration and accumulation at the South Pole and Summit, Greenland. Atmospheric Environment. 26A:1992;2045-2054.
36. Williams M., Bardsley T., Rikkers M. Overestimation of snow depth and inorganic nitrogen wetfall using NADP data, Niwot Ridge, Colorado. Atmospheric Environment. 32:1998;3827-3833.
37. Yang Q., Mayewski P.A., Shitlow S., Twickler M., Morrison M., Talbot R., Dibb J., Linder E. Global perspective of nitrate flux in ice cores. Journal of Geophysical Research. 100:1995;5113-5121.
38. Young J.R., Ellis E.C., Hidy G.M. Deposition of airborne acidifiers in the western environment. Journal of Environmental Quality. 17:1988;1-26.