Winter at the alpine timberline. Why does embolism occur in Norway spruce but not in stone pine?

Plant Physiology

Volumn 131, Issue 2, 2003, Pages 780-792

  Mayr, Stefan ^a   Schwienbacher, Franziska ^a   Bauer, Helmut ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF INNSBRUCK   (Austria)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DEHYDRATION; DROUGHT; FROST EFFECTS; METEOROLOGY; NEEDLES; STRESS ANALYSIS;

EMBOLISM;

PLANTS (BOTANY);

ABIES; CONIFEROPHYTA; PICEA; PICEA ABIES; PINUS CEMBRA; PINUS CEMBROIDES;

EID: 0037321508     PISSN: 00320889     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1104/pp.011452     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Anfodillo T, DiBisceglie DP, Urso T (2002) Minimum cuticular conductance and cuticle features of Picea abies and Pinus cembra needles along an altitudinal gradient in the Dolomites (NE Italian Alps). Tree Physiol 22: 479-487
2. Baig MN, Tranquillini W (1976) Studies on upper timberline: morphology and anatomy of Norway spruce (Picea abies) and stone pine (Pinus cembra) needles from various habitat conditions. Can J Bot 54: 1622-1632
3. Baig MN, Tranquillini W (1980) The effects of wind and temperature on cuticular transpiration of Picea abies and Pinus cembra and their significance in dessication damage at the alpine timberline. Oecologia 47: 252-256
4. Baig MN, Tranquillini W, Havranek WM (1974) Cuticuläre Transpiration von Picea abies und Pinus cembra- Zweigen auf verschiedener Seehöhe und ihre Bedeutung für die winterliche Austrocknung der Bäume an der alpinen Waldgrenze. Centralbl Gesamte Forstw 4: 195-211
5. Boehm H (1893) Capillarität und Saftsteigen. Ber Dtsch Bot Ges 11: 203-212
6. Brodribb T, Hill RS (1999) The importance of xylem constraints in the distribution of conifer species. New Phytol 143: 365-372
7. Chiu S, Ewers FW (1993) The effect of segment length on conductance measurements in Lonicera fragrantissima. J Exp Bot 44: 175-181
8. Cochard H (1992) Vulnerability of several conifers to air embolism. Tree Physiol 11: 73-83
9. Davis SD, Sperry JS, Hacke UG (1999) The relationship between xylem conduit diameter and cavitation caused by freezing. Am J Bot 86: 1367-1372
10. Dixon HH, Joly J (1894) On the ascent of sap. Proc R Soc Lond 57: 3-5
11. Gross M, Rainer I, Tranquillini W (1991) Über die Frostresistenz der Fichte mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Zahl der Gefrierzyklen und der Geschwindigkeit der Temperaturänderung beim Frieren und Auftauen. Forstwiss Centralbl 110: 207-217
12. Hacke U, Sauter JJ (1996) Xylem dysfunction during winter and recovery of hydraulic conductivity in diffuse-porous and ring-porous trees. Oecologia 105: 435-439
13. Jackson GE, Grace J (1994) Cavitation and water transport in trees. Endeavour 18: 50-54
14. Jackson GE, Irvine J, Grace J (1995) Xylem cavitation in Scots pine and Sitka spruce saplings during water stress. Tree Physiol 15: 783-790
15. Katz C, Oren R, Schulze E-D, Milburn JA (1989) Uptake of water and solutes through twigs of Picea abies (L.) Karst. Trees 3: 33-37
16. Körner C (1994) Leaf diffuse conductances in the major vegetation types of the globe. In ED Schulze, MM Caldwell, eds, Ecophysiology of Photosynthesis. Ecological Studies 100. Springer, Berlin, pp 463-490
17. Larcher W (1972) Der Wasserhaushalt immergrüner Pflanzen im Winter. Ber Dtsch Bot Ges 85: 315-327
18. Lipp CC, Nilsen ET (1997) The impact of subcanopy light environment on the hydraulic vulnerability of Rhododendron maximum to freeze-thaw cycles and drought. Plant Cell Environ 20: 1264-1272
19. Lo Gullo MA, Salleo S (1993) Different vulnerabilities of Quercus ilex L. to freeze- and summer drought-induced xylem embolism: an ecological interpretation. Plant Cell Environ 16: 511-519
20. Magnani F, Borghetti M (1995) Interpretation of seasonal changes of xylem embolism and plant hydraulic resistance in Fagus sylvatica. Plant Cell Environ 18: 689-696
21. Mattes H (1982) Die Lebensgemeinschaft von Tannenhäher und Arve. Eidg Anst Forstl Versuchswes Ber 241: 1-74
22. Mayr S, Wolfschwenger M, Bauer H (2002) Winter-drought induced embolism in Norway spruce (Picea abies) at the Alpine timberline. Physiol Plant 115: 74-80
23. Michaelis P (1934) Ökologische Studien an der alpinen Baumgrenze: V. Osmotischer Wert und Wassergehalt während des Winters in verschiedenen Höhenlagen. Jahrb Wiss Bot 80: 337-362
24. Pammenter NW, Vander Willigen C (1998) A mathematical and statistical analysis of the curves illustrating vulnerability of xylem to cavitation. Tree Physiol 18: 589-593
25. Pisek A, Larcher W (1954) Zusammenhang zwischen Austrocknungsresistenz und Frosthärte bei Immergrünen. Protoplasma 44: 30-46
26. Richter H (1972) Wie entstehen Saugspannungsgradienten in Bäumen? Ber Dtsch Bot Ges 85: 341-351
27. Robson DJ, McHardy WJ, Petty JA (1988) Freezing in conifer xylem: II. Pit aspiration and bubble formation. J Exp Bot 39: 1617-1621
28. Robson DJ, Petty JA (1987) Freezing in conifer xylem: 1. Pressure changes and growth velocity of ice. J Exp Bot 38: 1901-1908
29. Sparks JP, Campbell GS, Black RA (2001) Water content, hydraulic conductivity, and ice formation in winter stems of Pinus contorta: a TDR case study. Oecologia 127: 468-475
30. Sperry JS, Donnelly JR, Tyree MT (1988) A method for measuring hydraulic conductivity and embolism in xylem. Plant Cell Environ 11: 35-40
31. Sperry JS, Nichols KL, Sullivan JEM, Eastlack SE (1994) Xylem embolism in ring-porous, diffuse-porous, and coniferous trees of northern Utah and interior Alaska. Ecology 75: 1736-1752
32. Sperry JS, Robson DJ (2001) Xylem cavitation and freezing in conifers. In FJ Bigras, SJ Colombo, eds, Conifer Cold Hardiness. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, pp 121-136
33. Sperry JS, Sullivan JEM (1992) Xylem embolism in response to freeze-thaw cycles and water stress in ring-porous, diffuse-porous and conifer species. Plant Physiol 100: 605-613
34. Sperry JS, Tyree MT (1990) Water-stress-induced xylem embolism in three species of conifers. Plant Cell Environ 13: 427-436
35. Sucoff E (1969) Freezing of conifer xylem and the cohesion-tension theory. Physiol Plant 22: 424-431
36. Tranquillini W (1974) Der Einfluβ von Seehöhe und Länge der Vegetationszeit auf das cuticuläre Transpirationsvermögen von Fichtensämlingen im Winter. Ber Dtsch Bot Ges 87: 175-184
37. Tranquillini W (1980) Winter desiccation as the cause for alpine timberline. N Z For Serv For Res Inst Tech Pap 70: 263-267
38. Tyree MT, Davis SD, Cochard H (1994) Biophysical perspectives of xylem evolution: Is there a tradeoff of hydraulic efficiency for vulnerability to dysfunction? IAWA J 15: 335-360
39. Utsumi Y, Sano Y, Fujikawa S, Funada R, Ohtani J (1998) Visualization of cavitated vessels in winter and refilled vessels in spring in diffuse-porous trees by cryo-scanning electron microscopy. Plant Physiol 117: 1463-1471
40. Vogt UK (2001) Hydraulic vulnerability, vessel refilling, and seasonal courses of stem water potential of Sorbus aucuparia L. and Sambucus nigra L. J Exp Bot 52: 1527-1536
41. Wieser G (2000) Seasonal variation of leaf conductance in a subalpine Pinus cembra during the winter months. Phyton 40: 185-190
42. Zimmermann MH (1983) Xylem structure and the ascent of sap. Springer Verlag, Berlin