On the dyadosphere of black holes

Journal of the Korean Physical Society

Volumn 42, Issue SUPPL.1, 2003, Pages

  Preparata, Giuliano ^a   Ruffini, Remo ^b   Xue, She Sheng ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MILAN   (Italy)

^b ICRANET   (Italy)

Author keywords

Black holes; Dyadosphere; Gamma ray burst

Indexed keywords

EID: 0037310913     PISSN: 03744884     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (46)

1. R. Ruffini and J. A. Wheeler, Physics Today January, 178 (1971).
2. B. Carter, Proceeding of the Eighth Marcel Grossmann Meeting, edited by T. Piran (World Scientific, Singapore, 1988).
3. D. Christodoulou and R. Ruffini, Phys. Rev. D 4, 3552 (1971).
4. R. Penrose, Nuovo Cimento 1 special issue (1969); The fist specific example of energy extraction see R. Ruffini and J. A. Wheeler, as quoted in D. Christodoulou Phys. Rev. Lett. 25, 1596 (1970); See also R. Penrose and R. Floyd, Nature 229, 193 (1971).
5. R. Penrose, Nuovo Cimento 1 special issue (1969); The fist specific example of energy extraction see R. Ruffini and J. A. Wheeler, as quoted in D. Christodoulou Phys. Rev. Lett. 25, 1596 (1970); See also R. Penrose and R. Floyd, Nature 229, 193 (1971).
6. R. Penrose, Nuovo Cimento 1 special issue (1969); The fist specific example of energy extraction see R. Ruffini and J. A. Wheeler, as quoted in D. Christodoulou Phys. Rev. Lett. 25, 1596 (1970); See also R. Penrose and R. Floyd, Nature 229, 193 (1971).
7. R. Ruffini and J. Wilson Phys. Rev. D 17, 1518 (1978); R. D. Blandford and R. Znajek, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 179, 433 (1977); see also Ref. 14 and T. Damour. R. S. Hanni, R. Ruffini and J. Wilson Phys. Rev. D 17, 1518 (1978); and K. Thorne, R. M. Price and D. A. MacDonald, Black Holes: The Membrane Paradigm (Yale University Press, New Haven, 1986).
8. R. Ruffini and J. Wilson Phys. Rev. D 17, 1518 (1978); R. D. Blandford and R. Znajek, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 179, 433 (1977); see also Ref. 14 and T. Damour. R. S. Hanni, R. Ruffini and J. Wilson Phys. Rev. D 17, 1518 (1978); and K. Thorne, R. M. Price and D. A. MacDonald, Black Holes: The Membrane Paradigm (Yale University Press, New Haven, 1986).
9. R. Ruffini and J. Wilson Phys. Rev. D 17, 1518 (1978); R. D. Blandford and R. Znajek, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 179, 433 (1977); see also Ref. 14 and T. Damour. R. S. Hanni, R. Ruffini and J. Wilson Phys. Rev. D 17, 1518 (1978); and K. Thorne, R. M. Price and D. A. MacDonald, Black Holes: The Membrane Paradigm (Yale University Press, New Haven, 1986).
10. R. Ruffini and J. Wilson Phys. Rev. D 17, 1518 (1978); R. D. Blandford and R. Znajek, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 179, 433 (1977); see also Ref. 14 and T. Damour. R. S. Hanni, R. Ruffini and J. Wilson Phys. Rev. D 17, 1518 (1978); and K. Thorne, R. M. Price and D. A. MacDonald, Black Holes: The Membrane Paradigm (Yale University Press, New Haven, 1986).
11. W. Heisenberg and H. Euler, Zeits. Phys. 69, 742 (1931).
12. J. Schwinger, Phys. Rev. 82, 664 (1951).
13. T. Damour and R. Ruffini, Phys. Rev. Lett. 35, 463 (1975).
14. E. Costa, et al., Nature 387, 783 (1997); J. Van Paradijs, et al., Nature 386, 686 (1997).
15. E. Costa, et al., Nature 387, 783 (1997); J. Van Paradijs, et al., Nature 386, 686 (1997).
16. S. R. Kulkarni, et al., Nature 393, 35 (1998); J. P. Halpern, et al., Nature 393, 41 (1998).
17. S. R. Kulkarni, et al., Nature 393, 35 (1998); J. P. Halpern, et al., Nature 393, 41 (1998).
18. A. N. Ramaprakash, et al., Nature 393, 43 (1998).
19. The concept of the Dyadosphere (from the Greek word duas-duados for pairs) has been presented by R. Ruffini at the XLIXth Yamada Conference on "Black Holes and High- Energy Astrophysics", edited by H. Sato (Univ. Acad. Press. Tokyo, 1998).
20. T. Damour and R. Ruffini, in preparation.
21. R. Ruffini in "Physics and Astrophysics of Neutron Stars and Black Holes'', edited by R. Giacconi and R. Ruffini (North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1978).
22. R. Jantzen and R. Ruffini, submitted for publication.
23. C. Rhoades and R. Ruffini, Phys. Rev. Lett. 32, 324 (1974).
24. D. Christodoulou, Ph.D. thesis of the Princeton University (1970) unpublished.
25. G. Preparata, R. Ruffini and S.-S. Xue, Astron. & Astrophys. 337, L3 (1998).
26. B. Paczyński, Astrophys. J. 363, 218 (1990); R. Narayan, B. Paczyński and T. Piran, Astrophys. J. 395, L83 (1992); R. Narayan, T. Piran and A. Shemi, Astrophys. J. 379, L17 (1991); P. Mészáros and M. J. Rees, Astrophys. J. 482, L29 (1997) and references therein.
27. B. Paczyński, Astrophys. J. 363, 218 (1990); R. Narayan, B. Paczyński and T. Piran, Astrophys. J. 395, L83 (1992); R. Narayan, T. Piran and A. Shemi, Astrophys. J. 379, L17 (1991); P. Mészáros and M. J. Rees, Astrophys. J. 482, L29 (1997) and references therein.
28. B. Paczyński, Astrophys. J. 363, 218 (1990); R. Narayan, B. Paczyński and T. Piran, Astrophys. J. 395, L83 (1992); R. Narayan, T. Piran and A. Shemi, Astrophys. J. 379, L17 (1991); P. Mészáros and M. J. Rees, Astrophys. J. 482, L29 (1997) and references therein.
29. B. Paczyński, Astrophys. J. 363, 218 (1990); R. Narayan, B. Paczyński and T. Piran, Astrophys. J. 395, L83 (1992); R. Narayan, T. Piran and A. Shemi, Astrophys. J. 379, L17 (1991); P. Mészáros and M. J. Rees, Astrophys. J. 482, L29 (1997) and references therein.
30. M. Ruffert, H. -Th. Janka, K. Takahashi and G. Schäfer, Astron. & Astrophys. 319, 122 (1997).
31. G. Cavallo and M. F. Rees, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 183, 359 (1978); see however. P. Mészáros and M.J. Rees, Astrophys. J. 397, 570 (1992); B. Paczyński, Astrophys. J. 308, L51 (1986): J. Goodman, Astrophys. J. 308, L47 (1986); P. Mészáros, P. Laguna and M.J. Rees, Astrophys. J. 415, 181 (1993); P. Mészáros, M.J. Rees and H. Papathanassiou, Astrophys. J. 432, 181 (1994); R. Sari and T. Piran, Astrophys. J. 455, L143 (1995); P. Mészáros and M.J. Rees, Astrophys. J. 430, L931 (1994); ibid. 476, 232 (1997) and references therein.
32. G. Cavallo and M. F. Rees, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 183, 359 (1978); see however. P. Mészáros and M.J. Rees, Astrophys. J. 397, 570 (1992); B. Paczyński, Astrophys. J. 308, L51 (1986): J. Goodman, Astrophys. J. 308, L47 (1986); P. Mészáros, P. Laguna and M.J. Rees, Astrophys. J. 415, 181 (1993); P. Mészáros, M.J. Rees and H. Papathanassiou, Astrophys. J. 432, 181 (1994); R. Sari and T. Piran, Astrophys. J. 455, L143 (1995); P. Mészáros and M.J. Rees, Astrophys. J. 430, L931 (1994); ibid. 476, 232 (1997) and references therein.
33. G. Cavallo and M. F. Rees, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 183, 359 (1978); see however. P. Mészáros and M.J. Rees, Astrophys. J. 397, 570 (1992); B. Paczyński, Astrophys. J. 308, L51 (1986): J. Goodman, Astrophys. J. 308, L47 (1986); P. Mészáros, P. Laguna and M.J. Rees, Astrophys. J. 415, 181 (1993); P. Mészáros, M.J. Rees and H. Papathanassiou, Astrophys. J. 432, 181 (1994); R. Sari and T. Piran, Astrophys. J. 455, L143 (1995); P. Mészáros and M.J. Rees, Astrophys. J. 430, L931 (1994); ibid. 476, 232 (1997) and references therein.
34. G. Cavallo and M. F. Rees, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 183, 359 (1978); see however. P. Mészáros and M.J. Rees, Astrophys. J. 397, 570 (1992); B. Paczyński, Astrophys. J. 308, L51 (1986): J. Goodman, Astrophys. J. 308, L47 (1986); P. Mészáros, P. Laguna and M.J. Rees, Astrophys. J. 415, 181 (1993); P. Mészáros, M.J. Rees and H. Papathanassiou, Astrophys. J. 432, 181 (1994); R. Sari and T. Piran, Astrophys. J. 455, L143 (1995); P. Mészáros and M.J. Rees, Astrophys. J. 430, L931 (1994); ibid. 476, 232 (1997) and references therein.
35. G. Cavallo and M. F. Rees, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 183, 359 (1978); see however. P. Mészáros and M.J. Rees, Astrophys. J. 397, 570 (1992); B. Paczyński, Astrophys. J. 308, L51 (1986): J. Goodman, Astrophys. J. 308, L47 (1986); P. Mészáros, P. Laguna and M.J. Rees, Astrophys. J. 415, 181 (1993); P. Mészáros, M.J. Rees and H. Papathanassiou, Astrophys. J. 432, 181 (1994); R. Sari and T. Piran, Astrophys. J. 455, L143 (1995); P. Mészáros and M.J. Rees, Astrophys. J. 430, L931 (1994); ibid. 476, 232 (1997) and references therein.
36. G. Cavallo and M. F. Rees, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 183, 359 (1978); see however. P. Mészáros and M.J. Rees, Astrophys. J. 397, 570 (1992); B. Paczyński, Astrophys. J. 308, L51 (1986): J. Goodman, Astrophys. J. 308, L47 (1986); P. Mészáros, P. Laguna and M.J. Rees, Astrophys. J. 415, 181 (1993); P. Mészáros, M.J. Rees and H. Papathanassiou, Astrophys. J. 432, 181 (1994); R. Sari and T. Piran, Astrophys. J. 455, L143 (1995); P. Mészáros and M.J. Rees, Astrophys. J. 430, L931 (1994); ibid. 476, 232 (1997) and references therein.
37. G. Cavallo and M. F. Rees, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 183, 359 (1978); see however. P. Mészáros and M.J. Rees, Astrophys. J. 397, 570 (1992); B. Paczyński, Astrophys. J. 308, L51 (1986): J. Goodman, Astrophys. J. 308, L47 (1986); P. Mészáros, P. Laguna and M.J. Rees, Astrophys. J. 415, 181 (1993); P. Mészáros, M.J. Rees and H. Papathanassiou, Astrophys. J. 432, 181 (1994); R. Sari and T. Piran, Astrophys. J. 455, L143 (1995); P. Mészáros and M.J. Rees, Astrophys. J. 430, L931 (1994); ibid. 476, 232 (1997) and references therein.
38. G. Cavallo and M. F. Rees, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 183, 359 (1978); see however. P. Mészáros and M.J. Rees, Astrophys. J. 397, 570 (1992); B. Paczyński, Astrophys. J. 308, L51 (1986): J. Goodman, Astrophys. J. 308, L47 (1986); P. Mészáros, P. Laguna and M.J. Rees, Astrophys. J. 415, 181 (1993); P. Mészáros, M.J. Rees and H. Papathanassiou, Astrophys. J. 432, 181 (1994); R. Sari and T. Piran, Astrophys. J. 455, L143 (1995); P. Mészáros and M.J. Rees, Astrophys. J. 430, L931 (1994); ibid. 476, 232 (1997) and references therein.
39. G. Cavallo and M. F. Rees, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 183, 359 (1978); see however. P. Mészáros and M.J. Rees, Astrophys. J. 397, 570 (1992); B. Paczyński, Astrophys. J. 308, L51 (1986): J. Goodman, Astrophys. J. 308, L47 (1986); P. Mészáros, P. Laguna and M.J. Rees, Astrophys. J. 415, 181 (1993); P. Mészáros, M.J. Rees and H. Papathanassiou, Astrophys. J. 432, 181 (1994); R. Sari and T. Piran, Astrophys. J. 455, L143 (1995); P. Mészáros and M.J. Rees, Astrophys. J. 430, L931 (1994); ibid. 476, 232 (1997) and references therein.
40. R. Ruffini, J. Salmonson, J. Wilson and S. -S. Xue, submitted for publication.
41. M. Vietri, Astrophys. J. 478. L9 (1997).
42. R. Ruffini and S. -S. Xue, in preparation.
43. J. Wilson, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 262, 123 (1975); Proc. of the First Marcel Grossmann Meeting on General Relativity, edited by R. Ruffini (North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1977), p. 393.
44. J. Wilson, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 262, 123 (1975); Proc. of the First Marcel Grossmann Meeting on General Relativity, edited by R. Ruffini (North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1977), p. 393.
45. R. Ruffini and T. Treves, Astrophysics Lett. 13, 109 (1973).
46. F. Fraschetti, J. Korean Phys. Soc. 42, S24 (2003).