Effects of oral creatine-pyruvate supplementation in cycling performance

International Journal of Sports Medicine

Volumn 24, Issue 2, 2003, Pages 144-150

  Van Schuylenbergh, R ^a   Van Leemputte, M ^a   Hespel, Peter ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LEUVEN   (Belgium)

^b Fac of Phys Educ and Physiother   (Belgium)

Author keywords

Ergogenics; Intermittent sprints; Time trial

Indexed keywords

CREATINE; LACTIC ACID; PLACEBO; PYRUVIC ACID;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BICYCLE ERGOMETER; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; CYCLING; DIET SUPPLEMENTATION; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG EFFECT; ENDURANCE; HEART RATE; HUMAN; LACTATE BLOOD LEVEL; MALE; NORMAL HUMAN; NUTRITIONAL SUPPORT; PERFORMANCE; TIME SERIES ANALYSIS; WORKLOAD;

BICYCLING; CREATINE; DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS; DOUBLE-BLIND METHOD; EXERCISE TEST; HUMANS; LACTIC ACID; MALE; PYRUVIC ACID; TASK PERFORMANCE AND ANALYSIS;

EID: 0037305260     PISSN: 01724622     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-38400     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Bagby GJ, Green HJ, Katsuta S, Gollnick PD. Glycogen depletion in exercising rats infused with glucose, lactate, or pyruvate. J Appl Physiol 1978; 45: 425-429
2. Balsom PD, Ekblom B, Söderlund K, Sjödin B, Hultman E. Creatine supplementation and dynamic high-intensity intermittent exercise. Scand J Med Sci Sports 1993; 3: 143-149
3. Balsom PD, Harridge SDR, Söderlund K, Sjödin B. Creatine supplementation per se does not enhance endurance exercise performance. Acta Physiol Scand 1993; 149: 521-523
4. Balsom PD, Söderlund K, Sjödin B, Ekblom B. Skeletal muscle metabolism during short duration high-intensity exercise: influence of creatine supplementation. Acta Physiol Scand 1995; 154: 303-310
5. Becque MD, Lochmann JD, Melrose DR. Effects of oral creatine supplementation on muscular strength and body composition. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2000; 32: 654-658
6. Bellinger BM, Bold A, Wilson GR, Noakes TD, Myburgh KH. Oral creatine supplementation decreases plasma markers of adenine nucleotide degradation during a 1-h cycle test. Acta Physiol Scand 2000; 170: 217-224
7. Birch R, Noble D, Greenhaff PL. The influence of dietary creatine supplementation on performance during repeated bouts of maximal isokinetic cycling in man. Eur J Appl Physiol 1994; 69: 268-276
8. Chavarren J, Calbet JA. Cycling efficiency and pedalling frequency in road cyclists. Eur J Appl Physiol 1999; 80: 555-563
9. Greenhaff PL, Bodin K, Söderlund K, Hultman E. Effect of oral creatine supplementation on skeletal muscle phosphocreatine resynthesis. Am J Physiol 1994; 266: E725-E730
10. Greenhaff PL, Casey A, Short AH, Harris R, Söderlund K. Influence of oral creatine supplementation on muscle torque during repeated bouts of maximal voluntary exercise in man. Clin Sci 1993; 84: 565-571
11. Harris RC, Söderlund K, Hultman E. Elevation of creatine in resting and exercised muscle of normal subjects by creatine supplementation. Clin Sci 1992; 83: 367-374
12. Hintzy F, Belli A, Grappe F, Rouillon JD. Optimal pedalling velocity characteristics during maximal and submaximal cycling in humans. Eur J Appl Physiol 1999; 79: 426-432
13. Hopkins WG, Schabort EJ, Hawley JA. Reliability of power in physical performance tests. Sports Med 2001; 31: 211-234
14. Hultman E, Söderlund K, Timmons JA, Cederblad G, Greenhaff PL. Muscle creatine loading in men. J Appl Physiol 1996; 81: 232-237
15. Ivy JL. Effect of pyruvate and dihydroxyacetone on metabolism and aerobic endurance capacity. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1998; 30: 837-843
16. Ivy JL, Cortez MY, Chandler RM, Byrne HK, Miller RH. Effects of pyruvate on the metabolism and insulin resistance of obese Zucker rats. Am J Clin Nutr 1994; 59: 331-337
17. Jeukendrup A, Saris WHM, Brouns F, Kester ADM. A new validated endurance performance test. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1996; 28: 266-270
18. Jones S, Constantin-Teodosiu D, Hultman E, Greenhaff PL. The creatine-mediated increase in muscle phosphocreatine resynthesis during recovery from maximal exercise in humans is associated with increased mitochondrial acetyl group utilisation. J Physiol 2001; 531: 66
19. Juhn MS, Tarnopolsky M. Oral creatine supplementation and athletic performance: a critical review. Clin J Sports Med 1998; 8: 286-297
20. Kamber M, Koster M, Kreis R, Walker G, Boesch C, Hoppeler H. Creatine supplementation - part 1: performance, clinical chemistry, and muscle volume. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999; 31: 1763-1769
21. Kreider RB, Ferreira M, Wilson M, Grinstaff P, Plisk S, Reinardy J, Cantier E, Almada AL. Effects of creatine supplementation on body composition, strength, and sprint performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1998; 30: 73-82
22. Lucia A, Hoyos AJ, Chicharro JL. Preferred pedalling cadence in professional cycling. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2001; 33: 1361-1366
23. Morrison MA, Spriet LL, Dyck DJ. Pyruvate ingestion for 7 days does not improve aerobic performance in well-trained individuals. J Appl Physiol 2000; 89: 549-556
24. Sherman WM, Costill DL, Fink W, Miller JM. Effect of exercise-diet manipulation on muscle glycogen and its subsequent utilization during performance. Int J Sports Med 1981; 2: 114-118
25. Stanko RT, Adibi SA. Inhibition of lipid accumulation and enhancement of energy expenditure by the addition of pyruvate and dihydroxyacetone to a rat diet. Metabolism 1986; 35: 182-186
26. Stanko RT, Mitrakou A, Greenawalt K, Gerich J. Effect of dihydroxyacetone and pyruvate on plasma glucose concentration and turnover in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Clin Physiol Biochem 1990; 8: 283-288
27. Stanko RT, Reynolds HR, Hoyson R, Janosky JE, Wolf R. Pyruvate supplementation of a low-cholesterol, low-fat diet: effects on plasma lipid concentrations and body composition in hyperlipidemic patients. Am J Clin Nutr 1994; 59: 423-427
28. Stanko RT, Robertson RJ, Galbreath RW, Reilly JJ Jr, Greenawalt KD, Goss FL. Enhanced leg exercise endurance with a high-carbohydrate diet and dihydroxyacetone and pyruvate. J Appl Physiol 1990; 69: 1651-1656
29. Stanko RT, Robertson RJ, Spina RJ, Reilly JJ, Greenawalt KD, Goss FL. Enhancement of arm exercise endurance capacity with dehydroxyacetone and pyruvate. J Appl Physiol 1990; 68: 119-124
30. Stanko RT, Tietze DL, Arch JE. Body composition, energy utilization, and nitrogen metabolism with a severely restricted diet supplemented with dihydroxyacetone and pyruvate. Am J Clin Nutr 1992; 55: 771-776
31. Stone MH, Sanborn K, Smith LL, O'Bryant HS, Hoke T, Utter AC, Johnson RL, Boros R, Hruby J, Pierce KC, Stone ME, Garner B. Effects of in-season (5 weeks) creatine and pyruvate supplementation on anaerobic performance and body composition in American football players. Int J Sport Nutr 1999; 9: 146-165
32. Stroud MA, Holliman D, Bell D, Green AL, Macdonald IA, Greenhaff PL. Effect of oral creatine supplementation on respiratory gas exchange and blood lactate accumulation during steady-state incremental treadmill exercise and recovery in man. Clin Sci 1994; 87: 707-710
33. Swain DP, Wilcox JP. Effect of cadence on the economy of uphill cycling. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1992; 24: 1123-1127
34. Terjung RL, Clarkson PM, Eichner ER, Greenhaff PL, Hespel P, Israel RG, Kraemer WJ, Meyer RA, Spriet LL, Tarnopolsky MA, Wagenmakers AJM, Williams MH. The physiological and health effects of oral creatine supplementation. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2000; 32: 706-717
35. van Leemputte M, Vandenberghe K, Hespel P. Shortening of muscle relaxation time after creatine loading. J Appl Physiol 1999; 86: 840-844
36. Vandebuerie F, Vanden Eynde B, Vandenberghe K, Hespel P. Effect of creatine loading on endurance capacity and sprint power in cyclists. Int J Sports Med 1998; 19: 490-495
37. Vandenberghe K, Gillis N, van Leemputte M, van Hecke P, Vanstapel F, Hespel P. Caffeine counteracts the ergogenic action of muscle creatine loading. J Appl Physiol 1996; 80: 452-457
38. Vandenberghe K, Goris M, van Hecke P, van Leemputte M, Vangerven L, Hespel P. Long-term creatine intake is beneficial to muscle performance during resistance training. J Appl Physiol 1997; 83: 2055-2063
39. Volek JS, Duncan ND, Mazzetti SA, Staron RS, Putukian M, Gómez AL, Pearson DR, Fink WJ, Kraemer WJ. Performance and muscle fiber adaptations to creatine supplementation and heavy resistance training. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999; 31: 1147-1156
40. Woolford SM, Withers RT, Craig NP, Bourdon PC, Stanef T, McKenzie I. Effect of pedal cadence on the accumulated oxygen deficit, maximal aerobic power and blood lactate transition thresholds of high-performance junior endurance cyclists. Eur J Appl Physiol 1999; 80: 285-291