메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 30, Issue 2, 2003, Pages 277-296

Primary plant succession on recently deglaciated terrain in the Canadian High Arctic

Author keywords

Deglaciated terrain; Ellesmere Island; Glacier forelands; High Arctic; Little Ice Age; Primary succession; Tundra plants

Indexed keywords

ARCTIC ENVIRONMENT; LITTLE ICE AGE; PLANT COMMUNITY; PRIMARY SUCCESSION;

EID: 0037293919     PISSN: 03050270     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2699.2003.00818.x     Document Type: Conference Paper
Times cited : (98)

References (82)
  • 1
    • 0025682772 scopus 로고
    • List of the mosses of North America north of Mexico
    • Anderson, L.E., Crum, H.A. & Buck, W.R. (1990) List of the mosses of North America north of Mexico. Bryologist, 93, 448-499.
    • (1990) Bryologist , vol.93 , pp. 448-499
    • Anderson, L.E.1    Crum, H.A.2    Buck, W.R.3
  • 2
    • 0001050555 scopus 로고
    • Effects of physical disturbance on high arctic vegetation in the Queen Elizabeth Islands
    • Babb, T.A. & Bliss, L.C. (1974) Effects of physical disturbance on high arctic vegetation in the Queen Elizabeth Islands. Journal of Applied Ecology, 11, 549-562.
    • (1974) Journal of Applied Ecology , vol.11 , pp. 549-562
    • Babb, T.A.1    Bliss, L.C.2
  • 3
    • 0012328123 scopus 로고
    • Disturbance and the successional response of arctic plants on polar desert habitats
    • Barrett, P. & Schulten, R. (1975) Disturbance and the successional response of arctic plants on polar desert habitats. Arctic, 28, 70-73.
    • (1975) Arctic , vol.28 , pp. 70-73
    • Barrett, P.1    Schulten, R.2
  • 4
    • 0003287598 scopus 로고
    • Plant reproduction in a high arctic environment
    • Bell, K.L. & Bliss, L.C. (1980) Plant reproduction in a high arctic environment. Arctic and Alpine Research, 12, 1-10.
    • (1980) Arctic and Alpine Research , vol.12 , pp. 1-10
    • Bell, K.L.1    Bliss, L.C.2
  • 5
    • 0002329061 scopus 로고
    • Entombed plant communities released by a retreating glacier at Alexandra Fjord
    • Bergsma, B.M., Svoboda, J. & Freedman, B. (1984) Entombed plant communities released by a retreating glacier at Alexandra Fjord. Arctic, 37, 49-52.
    • (1984) Arctic , vol.37 , pp. 49-52
    • Bergsma, B.M.1    Svoboda, J.2    Freedman, B.3
  • 7
    • 0000134534 scopus 로고
    • The ecology of arctic and alpine plants
    • Billings, W.D. & Mooney, H.A. (1968) The ecology of arctic and alpine plants. Biological Review, 43, 481-529.
    • (1968) Biological Review , vol.43 , pp. 481-529
    • Billings, W.D.1    Mooney, H.A.2
  • 8
    • 0012238856 scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen fixation in a black spruce (Picea mariana [Mill] B.S.P.) forest in Alaska
    • ed. U. Granhall. Ecological Bulletins, Stockholm
    • Billington, M. & Alexander, V. (1978) Nitrogen fixation in a black spruce (Picea mariana [Mill] B.S.P.) forest in Alaska. Environmental role of nitrogen-fixing blue-green algae and asymbiotic bacteria (ed. U. Granhall), vol. 26, pp. 209-215. Ecological Bulletins, Stockholm.
    • (1978) Environmental Role of Nitrogen-Fixing Blue-Green Algae and Asymbiotic Bacteria , vol.26 , pp. 209-215
    • Billington, M.1    Alexander, V.2
  • 9
    • 0019788332 scopus 로고
    • Neoglacial fluctuations of glaciers, southeastern Ellesmere Island, Canadian Arctic, Archipelago
    • Blake, W. (1981) Neoglacial fluctuations of glaciers, southeastern Ellesmere Island, Canadian Arctic, Archipelago. Geogr. Ann., 63, 201-218.
    • (1981) Geogr. Ann. , vol.63 , pp. 201-218
    • Blake, W.1
  • 12
    • 0028165188 scopus 로고
    • The patterning of plant communities and edaphic factors along a high arctic coastline: Implications for succession
    • Bliss, L.C. & Gold, W.G. (1994) The patterning of plant communities and edaphic factors along a high arctic coastline: implications for succession. Can. J. Bot., 72, 1095-1107.
    • (1994) Can. J. Bot. , vol.72 , pp. 1095-1107
    • Bliss, L.C.1    Gold, W.G.2
  • 13
    • 0012276521 scopus 로고
    • Revegetation in the High Arctic: Its role in reclamation of surface disturbances
    • ed. G.P. Kershaw. Boreal Institute for Northern Studies, University of Alberta, Edmonton
    • Bliss, L.C. & Grulke, N.E. (1988) Revegetation in the High Arctic: its role in reclamation of surface disturbances. Northern environmental disturbances (ed. G.P. Kershaw), pp. 43-55. Boreal Institute for Northern Studies, University of Alberta, Edmonton.
    • (1988) Northern Environmental Disturbances , pp. 43-55
    • Bliss, L.C.1    Grulke, N.E.2
  • 14
    • 0002321531 scopus 로고
    • Plant succession, competition and the physiological constraints of species in the Arctic
    • eds F.S. Chapin III, R.L. Jefferies, J.F. Reynolds, G.R. Shaver and J. Svoboda. Academic Press, San Diego, CA
    • Bliss, L.C. & Peterson, K.M. (1992) Plant succession, competition and the physiological constraints of species in the Arctic. Arctic ecosystems in a changing climate, an ecological perspective (eds F.S. Chapin III, R.L. Jefferies, J.F. Reynolds, G.R. Shaver and J. Svoboda), pp. 111-136. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
    • (1992) Arctic Ecosystems in a Changing Climate, an Ecological Perspective , pp. 111-136
    • Bliss, L.C.1    Peterson, K.M.2
  • 15
    • 0025603926 scopus 로고
    • Changes in productivity and distribution of nutrients in a chronosequence at Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska
    • Bormann, B.T. & Sidle, R.C. (1990) Changes in productivity and distribution of nutrients in a chronosequence at Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska. Jouranl of Ecology, 78, 561-578.
    • (1990) Jouranl of Ecology , vol.78 , pp. 561-578
    • Bormann, B.T.1    Sidle, R.C.2
  • 16
    • 84936617402 scopus 로고
    • Determination of total, organic, and available forms of phosphorous in soils
    • Bray, R.H. & Kurtz, L.T. (1945) Determination of total, organic, and available forms of phosphorous in soils. Soil Science, 59, 39-45.
    • (1945) Soil Science , vol.59 , pp. 39-45
    • Bray, R.H.1    Kurtz, L.T.2
  • 17
    • 0025658485 scopus 로고
    • Alpine seedling establishment: The influence of disturbance type
    • Chambers, J.C., MacMahon, J.A. & Brown, R.W. (1990) Alpine seedling establishment: the influence of disturbance type. Ecology, 71, 1323-1341.
    • (1990) Ecology , vol.71 , pp. 1323-1341
    • Chambers, J.C.1    MacMahon, J.A.2    Brown, R.W.3
  • 18
    • 0023490953 scopus 로고
    • Environmental controls over growth of tundra plants
    • Chapin, F.S. III (1987) Environmental controls over growth of tundra plants. Ecological Bulletins, 38, 69-76.
    • (1987) Ecological Bulletins , vol.38 , pp. 69-76
    • Chapin F.S. III1
  • 19
    • 0024192262 scopus 로고
    • Productivity and nutrient cycling in Alaskan tundra: Enhancement by flowing soil water
    • Chapin, F.S. III, Fetcher, N., Kielland, K., Everett, K.R. & Linkins, A.E. (1988) Productivity and nutrient cycling in Alaskan tundra: enhancement by flowing soil water. Ecology, 69, 693-702.
    • (1988) Ecology , vol.69 , pp. 693-702
    • Chapin F.S. III1    Fetcher, N.2    Kielland, K.3    Everett, K.R.4    Linkins, A.E.5
  • 20
    • 0027975183 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of primary succession following deglaciation at Glacier Bay, Alaska
    • Chapin, F.S. III, Walker, L.R., Fastie, C.L. & Sharman, L.C. (1994) Mechanisms of primary succession following deglaciation at Glacier Bay, Alaska. Ecological Monographs, 64, 149-175.
    • (1994) Ecological Monographs , vol.64 , pp. 149-175
    • Chapin F.S. III1    Walker, L.R.2    Fastie, C.L.3    Sharman, L.C.4
  • 21
    • 0001997737 scopus 로고
    • The development of moss-peat banks in relation to changing climate and ice cover on Signy Island in the maritime Antarctic
    • Collins, N.J. (1976) The development of moss-peat banks in relation to changing climate and ice cover on Signy Island in the maritime Antarctic. British Antarctic Survey Bulletin, 43, 85-102.
    • (1976) British Antarctic Survey Bulletin , vol.43 , pp. 85-102
    • Collins, N.J.1
  • 22
    • 0000337222 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of succession in natural communities and their role in community stability and organization
    • Connell, J.H. & Slatyer, R.O. (1977) Mechanisms of succession in natural communities and their role in community stability and organization. American Naturalist 111, 1119-1144.
    • (1977) American Naturalist , vol.111 , pp. 1119-1144
    • Connell, J.H.1    Slatyer, R.O.2
  • 23
    • 84944661914 scopus 로고
    • Rank transformations as a bridge between parametric and nonparametric statistics
    • Conover, W.J. & Iman, R.L. (1981) Rank transformations as a bridge between parametric and nonparametric statistics. The American Statistician, 35, 124-129.
    • (1981) The American Statistician , vol.35 , pp. 124-129
    • Conover, W.J.1    Iman, R.L.2
  • 25
    • 0024932298 scopus 로고
    • Regional congruence of vegetation and summer climate patterns in the Queen Elizabeth Islands, Northwest Territories, Canada
    • Edlund, S.A. & Alt, B.T. (1989) Regional congruence of vegetation and summer climate patterns in the Queen Elizabeth Islands, Northwest Territories, Canada. Arctic, 42, 3-23.
    • (1989) Arctic , vol.42 , pp. 3-23
    • Edlund, S.A.1    Alt, B.T.2
  • 26
    • 34250588206 scopus 로고
    • Vegetation science concepts I. Initial floristic composition, a factor in old-field vegetation development
    • Egler, F.E. (1954) Vegetation science concepts I. Initial floristic composition, a factor in old-field vegetation development. Vegetatio, 4, 412-417.
    • (1954) Vegetatio , vol.4 , pp. 412-417
    • Egler, F.E.1
  • 27
    • 0002633092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Algal diversity, seasonality and abundance in, and along glacial stream in Sverdrup Pass, 79°N, Central Ellesmere Island, Canada
    • Elster, J. & Svoboda, J. (1996) Algal diversity, seasonality and abundance in, and along glacial stream in Sverdrup Pass, 79°N, Central Ellesmere Island, Canada. Memoirs of the National Institute of Polar Research, Special Issue, 51, 99-118.
    • (1996) Memoirs of the National Institute of Polar Research, Special Issue , vol.51 , pp. 99-118
    • Elster, J.1    Svoboda, J.2
  • 28
    • 0012245224 scopus 로고
    • In situ simulation and manipulation of a glacial stream ecosystem in the Canadian High Arctic
    • Ecosystem manipulation experiments: scientific approaches, experimental design and relevant results (eds A. Jenkins, R.C. Ferrier and C. Kirby, 16-21 October 1994, jointly organized by: Commission of the European Communities, Institute of Hydrology, U.K. and Environment Canada. Ecosystem Research Report No. 20. Brussels, Luxemburg
    • Elster, J. & Svoboda, J. (1995) In situ simulation and manipulation of a glacial stream ecosystem in the Canadian High Arctic. Ecosystem manipulation experiments: scientific approaches, experimental design and relevant results (eds A. Jenkins, R.C. Ferrier and C. Kirby), pp. 254-263. Proceedings of a Symposium at Bowness-on-Windermere, Lake District, England, 16-21 October 1994, jointly organized by: Commission of the European Communities, Institute of Hydrology, U.K. and Environment Canada. Ecosystem Research Report No. 20. Brussels, Luxemburg.
    • (1995) Proceedings of a Symposium at Bowness-on-Windermere, Lake District, England , pp. 254-263
    • Elster, J.1    Svoboda, J.2
  • 29
    • 0012240181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Algal and cyanoprocaryote communities in a glacial stream, Sverdrup Pass. 79°N, Central Ellesmere, Canada
    • Elster, J., Svoboda, J., Komárek, J. & Marvan, P. (1997) Algal and cyanoprocaryote communities in a glacial stream, Sverdrup Pass. 79°N, Central Ellesmere, Canada. Algological Studies, 85, 57-93.
    • (1997) Algological Studies , vol.85 , pp. 57-93
    • Elster, J.1    Svoboda, J.2    Komárek, J.3    Marvan, P.4
  • 30
    • 0002014458 scopus 로고
    • Dispersal and primary establishment of vegetation
    • ed. F.E. Wielgolaski. Springer-Verlag, Berlin
    • Elven, R. & Ryvarden, L. (1975) Dispersal and primary establishment of vegetation. Fennoscandian tundra ecosystems, Part I (ed. F.E. Wielgolaski), pp. 81-85. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
    • (1975) Fennoscandian Tundra Ecosystems, Part I , pp. 81-85
    • Elven, R.1    Ryvarden, L.2
  • 31
    • 0000991787 scopus 로고
    • Preservation of vegetation and patterned ground under a thin ice body in northern Baffin Island
    • Falconer, G. (1966) Preservation of vegetation and patterned ground under a thin ice body in northern Baffin Island, N.W.T. Geographical Bulletin, 8, 194-200.
    • (1966) N.W.T. Geographical Bulletin , vol.8 , pp. 194-200
    • Falconer, G.1
  • 32
    • 0020398616 scopus 로고
    • Vegetation re-exposed after burial by ice and its relationship to changing climate in the South Orkney Islands
    • Fenton, J.H.C. (1982) Vegetation re-exposed after burial by ice and its relationship to changing climate in the South Orkney Islands. British Antarctic Survey Bulletin, 51, 247-255.
    • (1982) British Antarctic Survey Bulletin , vol.51 , pp. 247-255
    • Fenton, J.H.C.1
  • 34
    • 0001931603 scopus 로고
    • Alexandra Fjord - An ecological oasis in the polar desert
    • eds J. Svoboda and B. Freedman. Captus University Publications, Toronto
    • Freedman, B., Svoboda, J. & Henry, G.H.R. (1994) Alexandra Fjord - an ecological oasis in the polar desert. Ecology of a Polar Oasis, Alexandra Fjord, Ellesmere Island, Canada (eds J. Svoboda and B. Freedman), pp. 1-9. Captus University Publications, Toronto.
    • (1994) Ecology of a Polar Oasis, Alexandra Fjord, Ellesmere Island, Canada , pp. 1-9
    • Freedman, B.1    Svoboda, J.2    Henry, G.H.R.3
  • 35
    • 0041535744 scopus 로고
    • U.S. Army Snow, Ice and Permafrost Research Establishment (SIPRE), Technical Report 39
    • Goldthwait, R.D. (1960) Study of an ice-cliff in Nunatarsuag, Greenland. U.S. Army Snow, Ice and Permafrost Research Establishment (SIPRE), Technical Report 39.
    • (1960) Study of an Ice-Cliff in Nunatarsuag, Greenland
    • Goldthwait, R.D.1
  • 36
    • 0001052838 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for the existence of three primary strategies in plants and its relevance to ecological and evolutionary theory
    • Grime, J.P. (1977) Evidence for the existence of three primary strategies in plants and its relevance to ecological and evolutionary theory. American Naturalist, 111, 1169-1194.
    • (1977) American Naturalist , vol.111 , pp. 1169-1194
    • Grime, J.P.1
  • 37
    • 0028981672 scopus 로고
    • Little Ice Age temperature reduction measured by reduced growth of an arctic heather
    • Havström, M., Callaghan, T.V., Jonasson, S. & Svoboda, J. (1995) Little Ice Age temperature reduction measured by reduced growth of an arctic heather. Functional Ecology, 9, 650-654.
    • (1995) Functional Ecology , vol.9 , pp. 650-654
    • Havström, M.1    Callaghan, T.V.2    Jonasson, S.3    Svoboda, J.4
  • 38
    • 0000734559 scopus 로고
    • Survey of vegetated areas and muskox populations in east central Ellesmere Island
    • Henry, G.H.R., Svoboda, J. & Freedman, B. (1986) Survey of vegetated areas and muskox populations in east central Ellesmere Island. Arctic, 39, 78-81.
    • (1986) Arctic , vol.39 , pp. 78-81
    • Henry, G.H.R.1    Svoboda, J.2    Freedman, B.3
  • 39
    • 0022856890 scopus 로고
    • Dinitrogen fixation (acetylene reduction) in high arctic sedge meadows
    • Henry, G.H.R. & Svoboda, J. (1986) Dinitrogen fixation (acetylene reduction) in high arctic sedge meadows. Arctic and Alpine Research, 18, 181-187.
    • (1986) Arctic and Alpine Research , vol.18 , pp. 181-187
    • Henry, G.H.R.1    Svoboda, J.2
  • 40
    • 0031909565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental influences on the structure of sedge meadows in the Canadian High Arctic
    • Henry, G.H.R. (1998) Environmental influences on the structure of sedge meadows in the Canadian High Arctic. Plant Ecology, 134, 119-129.
    • (1998) Plant Ecology , vol.134 , pp. 119-129
    • Henry, G.H.R.1
  • 44
    • 0031450584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retrospective analysis of growth and reproduction in Cassiope tetragona and relations to climate in the Canadian High Arctic
    • Johnstone, J.F. & Henry, G.H.R. (1997) Retrospective analysis of growth and reproduction in Cassiope tetragona and relations to climate in the Canadian High Arctic. Arctic and Alpine Research, 29, 459-469.
    • (1997) Arctic and Alpine Research , vol.29 , pp. 459-469
    • Johnstone, J.F.1    Henry, G.H.R.2
  • 45
    • 0025599056 scopus 로고
    • The mycorrhizal status of plants at Alexandra Fjord, Ellesmere Island, Canada, a high-arctic site
    • Kohn, L.M. & Stasovski, E. (1990) The mycorrhizal status of plants at Alexandra Fjord, Ellesmere Island, Canada, a high-arctic site. Mycologia, 82, 23-35.
    • (1990) Mycologia , vol.82 , pp. 23-35
    • Kohn, L.M.1    Stasovski, E.2
  • 48
    • 0002858768 scopus 로고
    • Glaciers and vegetation in southeast Alaska
    • Lawrence, D.B. (1958) Glaciers and vegetation in southeast Alaska. American Scientist, 46, 89-122.
    • (1958) American Scientist , vol.46 , pp. 89-122
    • Lawrence, D.B.1
  • 50
    • 0029660138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minimum area and cover-abundance scales as applied to polar desert vegetation
    • Lévesque, E. (1996) Minimum area and cover-abundance scales as applied to polar desert vegetation. Arctic and Alpine Research, 28, 156-162.
    • (1996) Arctic and Alpine Research , vol.28 , pp. 156-162
    • Lévesque, E.1
  • 51
    • 0012286558 scopus 로고
    • Resource allocation in high-arctic vascular plants of differing growth form
    • eds J. Svoboda and B. Freedman. Captus University Publications, Toronto
    • Maessen, O., Freedman, B., Nares, M.L.N. & Svoboda, S. (1994) Resource allocation in high-arctic vascular plants of differing growth form. Ecology of a Polar Oasis, Alexandra Fjord, Ellesmere Island, Canada (eds J. Svoboda and B. Freedman), pp. 113-121. Captus University Publications, Toronto
    • (1994) Ecology of a Polar Oasis, Alexandra Fjord, Ellesmere Island, Canada , pp. 113-121
    • Maessen, O.1    Freedman, B.2    Nares, M.L.N.3    Svoboda, S.4
  • 53
    • 84984214874 scopus 로고
    • Plant colonization patterns on a gletschervorfeld, southern Norway: A meso-scale geographical approach to vegetation change and phytometric dating
    • Matthews, J.A. (1978) Plant colonization patterns on a gletschervorfeld, southern Norway: a meso-scale geographical approach to vegetation change and phytometric dating. Boreas, 7, 155-178.
    • (1978) Boreas , vol.7 , pp. 155-178
    • Matthews, J.A.1
  • 56
    • 0020436462 scopus 로고
    • Mycorrhizae, mycorrhizal fungi, and fungal biomass in subalpine tundra near Eagle Summit, Alaska
    • Miller, O.K. (1982) Mycorrhizae, mycorrhizal fungi, and fungal biomass in subalpine tundra near Eagle Summit, Alaska. Holarctic Ecology, 5, 125-134.
    • (1982) Holarctic Ecology , vol.5 , pp. 125-134
    • Miller, O.K.1
  • 57
    • 0002503470 scopus 로고
    • The use of vital attributes to predict successional change in plant communities subject to recurrent disturbances
    • Noble, I.R. & Slatyer, R.O. (1980) The use of vital attributes to predict successional change in plant communities subject to recurrent disturbances. Vegetatio, 43, 5-21.
    • (1980) Vegetatio , vol.43 , pp. 5-21
    • Noble, I.R.1    Slatyer, R.O.2
  • 58
    • 0020419010 scopus 로고
    • Effect of water potential on seed germination
    • Oberbauer, S. & Miller, P.C. (1982) Effect of water potential on seed germination. Holarctic Ecology, 5 218-220.
    • (1982) Holarctic Ecology , vol.5 , pp. 218-220
    • Oberbauer, S.1    Miller, P.C.2
  • 60
    • 0012242944 scopus 로고
    • Diversity of biomass and nitrogen distribution among plant species in arctic and alpine tundra ecosystems
    • eds F.S. Chapin III and C. Körner. Ecological Studies 113, Springer-Verlag, Berlin
    • Pastor, J. (1995) Diversity of biomass and nitrogen distribution among plant species in arctic and alpine tundra ecosystems. Arctic and Alpine Biodiversity (eds F.S. Chapin III and C. Körner), pp. 225-269. Ecological Studies 113, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
    • (1995) Arctic and Alpine Biodiversity , pp. 225-269
    • Pastor, J.1
  • 62
    • 0000504250 scopus 로고
    • On the rate of succession
    • Prach, K. (1993) On the rate of succession. Oikos, 66, 343-345.
    • (1993) Oikos , vol.66 , pp. 343-345
    • Prach, K.1
  • 63
    • 0001441409 scopus 로고
    • Blue ice fields, moraine features and glacier fluctuations. Scientific results, Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition 1949-1952
    • Schyatt, V. (1961) Blue ice fields, moraine features and glacier fluctuations. Scientific results, Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition 1949-1952. Glaciology II, IV, 183-204.
    • (1961) Glaciology II , vol.4 , pp. 183-204
    • Schyatt, V.1
  • 64
    • 0002969798 scopus 로고
    • Phenology, resource allocation, and growth of arctic vascular plants
    • eds F.S. Chapin III, R.L. Jefferies, J.F. Reynolds, G.R. Shaver and J. Svoboda. Academic Press, San Diego, CA
    • Shaver, G.R. & Kummerow, J. (1992) Phenology, resource allocation, and growth of arctic vascular plants. Arctic ecosystems in a changing climate, an ecological perspective (eds F.S. Chapin III, R.L. Jefferies, J.F. Reynolds, G.R. Shaver and J. Svoboda), pp. 193-211. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
    • (1992) Arctic Ecosystems in a Changing Climate, an Ecological Perspective , pp. 193-211
    • Shaver, G.R.1    Kummerow, J.2
  • 65
    • 0020413983 scopus 로고
    • Plant succession and re-exposed moss banks on a deglaciated headland in Arthur Harbour, Anvers Island
    • Smith, R.I.L. (1982) Plant succession and re-exposed moss banks on a deglaciated headland in Arthur Harbour, Anvers Island. British Antarctic Survey Bulletin, 51, 193-199.
    • (1982) British Antarctic Survey Bulletin , vol.51 , pp. 193-199
    • Smith, R.I.L.1
  • 66
    • 0001092716 scopus 로고
    • Investigation of shear zones in the ice sheet margin, Thule area, Greenland
    • Swinzow, G.K. (1962) Investigation of shear zones in the ice sheet margin, Thule area, Greenland. Journal of Glaciology, 4, 215-229.
    • (1962) Journal of Glaciology , vol.4 , pp. 215-229
    • Swinzow, G.K.1
  • 67
    • 0021568943 scopus 로고
    • Microscale patterns of vascular plant distribution in two high-arctic communities
    • Sohlberg, E. & Bliss, L.C. (1984) Microscale patterns of vascular plant distribution in two high-arctic communities. Canadian Journal of Botany, 62, 2033-2042.
    • (1984) Canadian Journal of Botany , vol.62 , pp. 2033-2042
    • Sohlberg, E.1    Bliss, L.C.2
  • 68
    • 0023556186 scopus 로고
    • Succession in marginal arctic environments
    • Svoboda, J. & Henry, G.H.R. (1987) Succession in marginal arctic environments. Arctic and Alpine Research, 19, 373-384.
    • (1987) Arctic and Alpine Research , vol.19 , pp. 373-384
    • Svoboda, J.1    Henry, G.H.R.2
  • 70
    • 0002206872 scopus 로고
    • Phosphorous transformations in a chronosequence of soils developed on a windblown sand in New Zealand. I. Total and organic phosphorous
    • Syers, J.K. & Walker, T.W. (1969) Phosphorous transformations in a chronosequence of soils developed on a windblown sand in New Zealand. I. Total and organic phosphorous. Journal of Soil Science, 20, 57-64.
    • (1969) Journal of Soil Science , vol.20 , pp. 57-64
    • Syers, J.K.1    Walker, T.W.2
  • 73
    • 0000416281 scopus 로고
    • Primary succession in arctic tundra on the west coast of Spitsbergen (Svalbard)
    • Tishkov, R.J. (1986) Primary succession in arctic tundra on the west coast of Spitsbergen (Svalbard). Polar Geography and Geology, 10, 148-156.
    • (1986) Polar Geography and Geology , vol.10 , pp. 148-156
    • Tishkov, R.J.1
  • 74
    • 0022823124 scopus 로고
    • Physiological controls over seedling growth in primary succession on an Alaskan floodplain
    • Walker, L.R. & Chapin, F.S. III (1986) Physiological controls over seedling growth in primary succession on an Alaskan floodplain. Ecology, 67, 1508-1523.
    • (1986) Ecology , vol.67 , pp. 1508-1523
    • Walker, L.R.1    Chapin F.S. III2
  • 75
    • 0002907511 scopus 로고
    • Interactions among processes controlling successional change
    • Walker, L.R. & Chapin, F.S. III (1987) Interactions among processes controlling successional change. Oikos, 50, 131-155.
    • (1987) Oikos , vol.50 , pp. 131-155
    • Walker, L.R.1    Chapin F.S. III2
  • 76
    • 0022843597 scopus 로고
    • The role of life history processes in primary succession on an Alaskan floodplain
    • Walker, L.R., Zasada, J.C. & Chapin, F.S. III (1986) The role of life history processes in primary succession on an Alaskan floodplain. Ecology, 67, 1243-1253.
    • (1986) Ecology , vol.67 , pp. 1243-1253
    • Walker, L.R.1    Zasada, J.C.2    Chapin F.S. III3
  • 78
    • 0024928254 scopus 로고
    • The vegetation of the Storbreen gletschervorfeld, Jotunheimen, Norway. III. Vegetation-environment relationships
    • Whittaker, R.J. (1989) The vegetation of the Storbreen gletschervorfeld, Jotunheimen, Norway. III. Vegetation-environment relationships. Journal of Biogeography, 16, 413-433.
    • (1989) Journal of Biogeography , vol.16 , pp. 413-433
    • Whittaker, R.J.1
  • 79
    • 0025993286 scopus 로고
    • The vegetation of the Storbreen gletschervorfeld, Jotunheimen, Norway. IV Short-term vegetation changes
    • Whittaker, R.J. (1991) The vegetation of the Storbreen gletschervorfeld, Jotunheimen, Norway. IV Short-term vegetation changes. Journal of Biogeography, 18, 41-52.
    • (1991) Journal of Biogeography , vol.18 , pp. 41-52
    • Whittaker, R.J.1
  • 80
    • 0021607102 scopus 로고
    • Dinitrogen fixation in alpine tundra, Niwot Ridge, Front Range, Colorado, U.S.A.
    • Wojciechowski, M.F. & Heimbrook, M.E. (1984) Dinitrogen fixation in alpine tundra, Niwot Ridge, Front Range, Colorado, U.S.A. Arctic and Alpine Research, 16, 1-10.
    • (1984) Arctic and Alpine Research , vol.16 , pp. 1-10
    • Wojciechowski, M.F.1    Heimbrook, M.E.2
  • 81
    • 0012343156 scopus 로고
    • Plant colonization of recent "annual" moraine ridges at Austre Okstindbreen, North Norway
    • Worsley, P. & Ward, M.R. (1974) Plant colonization of recent "annual" moraine ridges at Austre Okstindbreen, North Norway. Arctic and Alpine Research, 6, 217-230.
    • (1974) Arctic and Alpine Research , vol.6 , pp. 217-230
    • Worsley, P.1    Ward, M.R.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.