Assessment of safety/risk vs. public health concerns: Aflatoxins and hepatocarcinoma

Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine

Volumn 7, Issue 6, 2003, Pages 235-238

  Lu, Frank C ^a  

^a NONE   (United States)

Author keywords

Aflatoxins; Biomarkers; Carcinogenesis; Primary hepatocarcinoma; Risk assessment

Indexed keywords

AFLATOXIN; AFLATOXIN B1; CARCINOGEN; DNA; PROTEIN P53;

ANIMAL MODEL; ASPERGILLUS; CANCER RISK; FEMALE; FOOD CONTAMINATION; GENOTOXICITY; HEALTH HAZARD; HEPATITIS B VIRUS; HUMAN; LIVER CANCER; LIVER CARCINOGENESIS; LIVER CELL CARCINOMA; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NONHUMAN; RAT; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT;

ANIMALIA; ASPERGILLUS; HEPATITIS B VIRUS; PRIMATES;

EID: 0037278432     PISSN: 1342078X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1265/ehpm.2003.235     Document Type: Review

References (38)

1. National Cancer Office of the Ministry of Public Health, PRC, Studies on Mortality Rates of Cancer in China, People's Publishing House, Beijing, PRC, 1980.
2. Blount WP. Turkey "X" disease. J. Brit. Turkey Fed. 1961; 9: 52-54.
3. Asao T, Buchi G, Abdel-Kader MM, Chang SB, Wick EL, Wogan GN. Aflatoxins B and G. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1963; 85: 1706-1707.
4. IARC. Some naturally occurring substances: food items and constituents, heterocyclic aromatic amines and mycotoxin. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks of Chemicals to Humans, 1993, Volume 56., Lyon.
5. Dragan YP, Pitot HC. Aflatoxin carcinogenesis in the context of the multistage nature of cancer. Eaton DL and Groopman JD ed. The toxicology of aflatoxins: Human health, veterinary, and agricultural significance. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, 1994, 179-198.
6. Busby WF, Wogan GN. Aflatoxins. In CE Searle (ed) Chemical Carcinogens, Washington DC, American Chemical Society, 1985; 945-1136.
7. 1 in vivo in rats. Carcinogenesis 1987; 8: 819-824.
8. 1 in vitro. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1977; 74: 1870-1874.
9. 1-DNA adduct formed in vivo in rat liver. Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 1979; 20: 182.
10. Wang JS, Groopman JD. DNA damage by mycotoxins. Mutat. Res. 1999; 424: 167-181.
11. Sugimura T, Ushijima T. Genetic and epigenetic alterations in carcinogenesis. Mutat. Res. 2000; 462: 235-246.
12. Bressac B, Kew M, Wands J, Ozturk M. Selective G to T mutations of p53 gene in hepatocellular carcinoma from Southern Africa. Nature, London, 1991; 350: 429-431.
13. Hsu IC, Metcalf RA, Sun T, Wesh JA, Wang NJ, Harris CC. Mutational hotspot in the p53 gene in human hepatocellular carcinomas. Nature 1991; 350: 427-428.
14. Li D, Gao Y, He L, Wang NJ, Gu J. Aberrations of p53 gene in human hepatocellular carcinoma from China. Carcinogenesis 1993; 14: 169-173.
15. Williams GM, Weisburger JH. Chemical carcinogenesis. In: Amdur MO, Doull J, and Klaassen CD, eds. Casarett and Doull's Toxicology, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993; 127-200.
16. Lu FC. Basic Toxicology: Fundamentals, Target Organ, and Risk Assessment. 3rd edition. Washington, DC, Taylor & Francis, 1996.
17. Toskulkao C, Yoshida T, Glinsukon T, Kuroiwa Y. Potentiation of aflatoxin B induced hepatotoxicity in male wistar rats with ethanol pretreatment. J. Toxicol. Sci. 1986; 11: 41-51.
18. Carnaghan RBA. Hepatic tumors in ducks fed a low level of toxic ground nut meal. Nature 1965; 208: 308.
19. Svoboda D, Grady H, Higginson. In: Aflatoxin B1 injury in rat and monkey livers. Am. J. Pathol. 1966; 49: 1023-1051.
20. Wogan GN. Mycrotoxins and other naturally occurring carcinogens. In: Kraybill HF, Mehlman MA, editors, Environmental Cancer, Washington: Hemisphere, 1977; 263-290.
21. Bruce RD. Risk assessment for aflatoxin: II. Implications of human epidemiology data. Risk Anal. 1990; 10: 561-569.
22. 7-guanine and other aflatoxin metabolites by multiple monoclonal antibody affinity chromatography and immunoaffinity/high performance liquid chromatography. Cancer Res. 1992; 52: 267-274.
23. Wang LY, Hatch M, Chen CJ, Levin B, You SL, Lu SN, Wu MH, Wu WP, Wang LW, Wang Q, Huany GT, Yang PM, Lee HS, Santella RM. Aflatoxin exposure and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in Taiwan. Int. J. Cancer 1996; 67: 620-625.
24. IARC. Hepatitis viruses, International Agency for Research on Cancer, (IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks of Chemicals to Humans, 1994, Volume 59, Lyon.
25. Eaton DL, Gallagher EP. Mechanisms of aflatoxin carcinogenesis. Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 1994; 34: 135-172.
26. Wang JS, Qian GS, Zarba A, He X, Zhu YR, Zhang BC, Jacobson L, Gange SJ, Munoz A, Kensler TW, Groopman JD. Temporal patterns of aflatoxin-albumin adducts in hepatitis B surface antigen-positive and antigen-negative residents of Daxin, Qidong County, People's Republic of China. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 1996; 5: 253-261.
27. Kirk GD, Camus-Randon AM, Mendy M, Goedert JJ, Merle P, Trepo C, Brechot C, Hainaut P, Montesano R. Ser-249 p53 mutations in plasma DNA of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma from The Gambia. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 2000; 92: 148-153.
28. Food Safety Council Proposed system for food safety assessment. Food Cosmet. Toxicol. 1980; 16, Suppl. 2.
29. Hoseyni MS. Risk assessment for aflatoxin: III. Modeling the relative risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Risk Anal. 1992; 12: 123-126.
30. Groopman JD. Molecular dosimetry methods for assessing human aflatoxin exposures. In: Eaton DL, Groopman JD, eds. The Toxicology of Aflatoxins Human Health, Veterinary, and Agricultural Significance, San Diego, Academic Press, 1994; 259-279.
31. Ross RK, Yuan JM, Yu MC, Wogan GN, Qian GS, Tu JT, Groopman JD, Gao YT, Henderson BE. Urinary aflatoxin biomarkers and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Lancet 1992; 339: 943-946.
32. WHO. Safety evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants, Food Additives Series 40, Geneva: World Health Organization, 1998.
33. Qian GS, Ross RK, Yu MC, Yuan JM, Gao YT, Henderson BE, Wogan GN, Groopman JD. A follow-up study of urinary markers of aflatoxin exposure and liver cancer risk in Shanghai, People's Republic of China. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1994; 3: 3-10.
34. 1. Hepatology 1999; 30: 379-383.
35. FDA. Action levels for poisonous or deleterious substances in human food and animal feed, Washington DC: Food and Drug Administration, 2000.
36. Wang JS, Shen X, He X, Zhu YR, Zhang BC, Wang WB, Qian GS, Kuang SY, Zarba Z, Egner P, Jacobson LP, Munoz A, Helzlsouer KJ, Groopman JD, Kensler TW. Protective alterations in phase 1 and phase 2 metabolism of aflatoxin B1 by oltipraz in residents of Qidong, People's Republic of China. J. Nat. Cancer Inst. 1999; 91: 347-354.
37. Oda T. Viral hepatitis and hepatocarcinoma prevention strategy in Japan. Jpn. Cancer Res. 1999; 90: 1051-1060.
38. Lei DN, Wang LQ, Ruebner BH, Hsieh DPH, Wu BF, Zhu CR, Du MJ. Effect of selenium on aflatoxin hepatocarcinogenesis in the rat. Biomed. Environ. Sci. 1990; 3: 65-80.