Leprosy affects facial nerves in a scattered distribution from the main trunk to all peripheral branches and neurolysis improves muscle function of the face

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

Volumn 68, Issue 1, 2003, Pages 81-88

  Turkof, Edvin ^a   Richard, Bruce ^b   Assadian, Ojan ^a   Khatri, Bharat ^b   Knolle, Erich ^a   Lucas, Sebastian ^c  

^a MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF VIENNA   (Austria)

^b Green Pasture Hospital   (Nepal)

^c KING'S COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FENTANYL; PROPOFOL;

ADULT; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; ELECTRODIAGNOSIS; ELECTRONEURODIAGNOSIS; FACE MUSCLE; FACIAL NERVE DISEASE; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HISTOPATHOLOGY; HUMAN; LAGOPHTHALMOS; LEPROSY; MALE; MUSCLE REINNERVATION; MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE; NERVE BIOPSY; NERVE CONDUCTION; NERVE POTENTIAL; NERVE STIMULATION; NEUROLYSIS; BORDERLINE LEPROSY; CLINICAL TRIAL; COHORT ANALYSIS; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY; ELECTROSTIMULATION; FACIAL NERVE; INNERVATION; INTRAOPERATIVE PERIOD; MIDDLE AGED; PATHOLOGY; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PERIPHERAL NERVE; PHYSIOLOGY; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

ACTINOBACTERIA (CLASS); MYCOBACTERIUM; MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE; UNCULTURED ACTINOMYCETE;

ADULT; COHORT STUDIES; ELECTRIC STIMULATION; ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY; FACIAL MUSCLES; FACIAL NERVE; FEMALE; HUMANS; INTRAOPERATIVE PERIOD; LEPROSY, BORDERLINE; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NEURAL CONDUCTION; PERIPHERAL NERVES; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 0037268050     PISSN: 00029637     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2003.68.81     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Turkof E, Tambwekar S, Kamal S, El-Dahrawi M, Mansukhani K, Soliman H, Ciovica R, Mayr N, 1998. Leprosy affects facial nerves at the main trunk: neurolysis can possibly avoid transfer procedures. Plast Reconstr Surg 102: 1565-1573.
2. Antia NH, Divekar SC, Dastur DK, 1966. The facial nerve in leprosy. I. Clinical and operative aspects. Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis 34: 103-117.
3. Job CK, Desikan KV, 1968. Pathologic changes and their distribution in peripheral nerves in lepromatous leprosy. Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis 36: 257-270.
4. Selby RC, 1974. Neurosurgical aspects of leprosy. Surg Neurol 2: 165-177.
5. Malaviya GN, Ramu G, 1981. Loss of taste and somatic sensations over the tongue in leprous facial palsy - a case report. Lepr India 53: 656-659.
6. Reichart PA, Srisuwan S, Metah D, 1982. Lesions of the facial and trigeminal nerve in leprosy. An evaluation of 43 cases. Int J Oral Surg 11: 14-20.
7. Hogeweg M, Kiran KU, Suneetha S, 1991. The significance of facial patches and type I reaction for the development of facial nerve damage in leprosy. A retrospective study among 1,226 paucibacillary leprosy patients. Lepr Rev 62: 143-149.
8. Lubbers WJ, Schipper A, Hogeweg M, de Soldenhoff R, 1994. Paralysis of facial muscles in leprosy patients with lagophthalmos. Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis 62: 220-224.
9. Ranney DA, Furness MA, Santhanakrishnan CK, 1973. Misreinnervation in leprous neuritis affecting the facial nerve. Lepr Rev 43: 151-158.
10. Anonymous, 1995. Leprosy. Report of a Meeting of Physicians and Scientists at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi. Lancet 345: 697-703
11. Miko TL, Le Maitre C, Kinfu Y, 1993. Damage and regeneration of peripheral nerves in advanced treated leprosy. Lancet 342: 521-525.
12. Miko TL, Gschmeissner SE, Le Maitre C, Kinfu Y, Kazen R, Pereira JH, 1993. Regeneration at the predilective damage sites of nerve trunks in treated leprosy. Lepr Rev 64: 330-337.
13. Turkof E, Tambwekar S, Mansukhani K, Millesi H, Mayr N, 1994. Intraoperative spinal root stimulation to detect most proximal site of leprous ulnar neuritis. Lancet 343: 1604-1605.
14. Chaco J, Magora A, Zauberman H, Landau Y, 1968. An electromyographic study of lagophthalmos in leprosy. Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis 36: 288-295.
15. Katz AD, Catalano P, 1987. The clinical significance of the various anastomotic branches of the facial nerve. Report of 100 patients. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 113: 959-962.
16. Rimpilainen I, Pyykko I, Blomstedt G, Kuurne T, Karma P, 1993. The site of impulse generation in transcranial magnetic stimulation of the facial nerve. Acta Otolaryngol(Stockh) 113: 339-344.
17. Benecke R, Meyer BU, Schonle P, Conrad B, 1988. Transcranial magnetic stimulation of the human brain: responses in muscles supplied by cranial nerves. Exp Brain Res 71: 623-632.
18. Antia NH, Enna CD, Daver MB, 1992. Prevalence, pathogenesis, and pathology. Mookerjee SK, ed. The Surgical Management of Deformities in Leprosy. Bombay: Oxford University Press, 24-25.
19. Karat AB, Job CK, Rao PSS, 1971. Liver in leprosy: histological and biochemical findings. BMJ 1: 307-310.
20. Drutz DJ, Chen TS, Lu WH, 1972. The continuous bacteremia of lepromatous leprosy. N Engl J Med 287: 159-164.
21. Scollard DM, McCormick G, Allen JL, 1999. Localization of Mycobacterium leprae to endothelial cells of epineurial and perineurial blood vessels and lymphatics. Am J Pathol 154: 1611-1620.
22. Richard B, Khatri B, Knolle E, Lucas S, Turkof E, 2001. Leprosy affects the tibial nerves diffusely from the middle of the thigh to the sole of the foot, including skip lesions. Plast Reconstr Surg 107: 1717-1724.
23. Turkof E, Tambwekar S, Mansukhani K, Millesi H, Mayr N, 1995. Intraoperative electroneurodiagnostics to detect a second granuloma in the cubital area of median nerves affected by leprosy: a new approach to prevent incomplete surgery. Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis 63: 409-416.
24. Anonymous, 1999. Guidelines for Identifying Patients for Referral for Surgery. London: International Federation of Anti-Leprosy Associations.
25. Millesi H, 1992 Chirurgie der Peripheren Nerven. Wien, Austria: Verlag Urban & Schwarzenberg, 20-26