Co-offending as Social Exchange: Explaining Characteristics of Co-offending

British Journal of Criminology

Volumn 43, Issue 2, 2003, Pages 398-416

  Weerman, Frank M ^a  

^a NETHERLANDS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF CRIME AND LAW ENFORCEMENT   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0037263314     PISSN: 00070955     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/bjc/43.2.398     Document Type: Review

References (82)

1. AKERS, R. L. (1973), Deviant Behavior: A Social Learning Approach. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing.
2. ARONSON, E. (1994), The Social Animal. New York: Freeman.
3. ASCH, S. E. (1951), 'Effects of Group Pressure upon the Modification and Distortion of Judgments', in H. Guetzkow, ed., Groups, Leadership, and Men. Pittsburgh: Carnegie Press.
4. BEKE, B. M., VAN WIJK, A. P. and FERWERDA, H. B. (2000), Criminaliteit in Groepsverband Ontrafeld: Tussen Rondhanggedrag en Bendevorming (Unraveling Crime in Groups: Between Hanging around and Gang Formation), Amsterdam: SWP.
5. BEST, J. and LUCKENBILL, D. F. (1980), 'The Social Organization of Deviants', Social Problems, 28: 14-31.
6. BLAU, P. M. (1964), Exchange and Power in Social Life. New Brunswick: Transaction Books.
7. CANTER, D. and ALISON, L., eds. (2000), The Social Psychology of Crime: Groups, Teams and Networks. Aldershot: Ashgate.
8. CARRINGTON, P. J. (2002), 'Group Crime in Canada', Canadian Journal of Criminology, 44:277-315.
9. CLARKE, R. V. and FELSON, M., eds., (1993), Routine Activity and Rational Choice, Advances in Criminological Theory, vol. 5. New Brunswick: Transaction Books.
10. CORNISH, D. B. and CLARKE, R. V. (1986), The Reasoning Criminal: Rational Choice Perspectives on Offending. New York: Springer-Verlag.
11. CROMWELL, P. F., OLSON, J. N. and D'AUNN WESTER, A. (1991), Breaking and Entering: An Ethnographic Analysis of Burglary, Studies in Crime, Law, and Justice 6. Newbury Park: Sage Publications.
12. CUMMINGS, S. and MONTI, D.J., eds. (1993), Gangs: The Origins and Impact of Contemporary Youth Gangs in the United States. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
13. DECKER, S. H. and VAN WINKLE, B. (1996), Life in the Gang:Family, Friends, and Violence. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
14. DONALD, I. and WILSON, A. (2000), 'Ram Raiding: Criminals Working in Groups', in D. Canter and L. Alison, eds., The Social Psychology of Crime: Groups, Teams and Networks. Aldershot: Ashgate.
15. DOWNES, D. M. (1966), The Delinquent Solution. Glencoe: The Free Press.
16. EINSTADTER, W.J. (1969), 'The Social Organization of Armed Robbery', Social Problems, 17:64-82.
17. EKBLOM, P. and TILLEY, N. (2000), 'Criminology, Situational Crime Prevention and the Resourceful Offender', British Journal of Criminology, 40: 376-98.
18. ERICKSON, M.L. (1971), 'The Group Context of Delinquent Behavior', Social Problems, 19:114-29.
19. -(1973), 'Group Violations, Socioeconomic Status and Official Delinquency', Social Forces, 52: 41-52.
20. ERICKSON, M. L. and JENSEN, G. F. (1977), 'Delinquency is Still Group Behavior Towards Revitalizing the Group Premise in the Sociology of Deviance', Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 68: 262-73.
21. ESBENSEN, F. A. and HUIZINGA, D. (1993), 'Gangs, Drugs, and Delinquency in a Survey of Urban Youth', Criminology, 31: 565-89.
22. FARRINGTON, DAVID P. (1986), 'Age and Crime', in M. Tonry and N. Morris, Crime and Justice. Annual Review of Research, vol. 7, 189-250. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
23. FELD, S. L. (1980), 'The Focused Organization of Social Ties', American Journal of Sociology, 86: 1015-35.
24. FESTINGER, L., SCHACHTER, S. and BACK, K. (1950), Social Pressures in Informal Groups: A Study of a Housing Community. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
25. FEYERHERM, W. (1980), 'The Group Hazard Hypothesis: A Reexamination', Journal of Crime and Delinquency, 17: 58-68.
26. FOA, U. G. and FOA, E. B. (1974), Societal Structures of the Mind. Springfield: Thomas Books.
27. GLUECK, S. and GLUECK, E. (1950), Unraveling juvenile Delinquency. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
28. HAGEDORN, J. M. (1998), People and Folks: Gangs, Crime and the Underclass in a Rustbelt City. Chicago: Lake View Press.
29. HAKKERT, A., VAN WIJK, A., FERWERDA, H. and EIJKEN, T. (1998), Groepscriminaliteit (Group Crime), Den Haag: Ministerie van Justitie.
30. HINDELANG, M.J. (1971), 'The Social versus Solitary Nature of Delinquent Involvements', British Journal of Criminology, 11: 167-75.
31. -(1976), 'With a Little Help from their Friends: Group Participation in Reported Delinquent Behaviour', British Journal of Criminology, 16: 109-25.
32. HIRSCHI, T. (1969), Causes of Delinquency. Berkeley: University of California Press.
33. HOMANS, G. C. (1957), 'Social Behavior as Exchange', American Journal of Sociology, 1: 597-606.
34. -(1961), Social Behaviour: Its Elementary Forms. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
35. HOOD, R. and SPARKS, R. (1970), Key Issues in Criminology. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson.
36. HOWELL, J. C. (1994), 'Recent Gang Research: Program and Policy Implications', Crime and Delinquency, 40: 495-515.
37. KANDEL, D. B. (1978), 'Homophily, Selection and Socialization in Adolescent Friendships', American Journal of Sociology, 84: 427-36.
38. KLEEMANS, E. R. (1996), Strategische Misdaadanalyse en Stedelijke Criminaliteit (Strategic Crime Analysis and Urban Crime). Enschede: Universiteit Twente.
39. KLEIN, M. W. (1995), The American Street Gang: Its Nature, Prevalence, and Control. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press.
40. KLEIN, M. W., KERNER, H.-J., MAXSON, C. L. and WEITEKAMP, E. G. M. (2000), The Eurogang Paradox: Street Gangs and Youth Groups in the U.S. and Europe. Dordrecht: Kluwer-Plenum.
41. KLEMKE, L. W. (1992), The Sociology of Shoplifting: Boosters and Snitches Today. Westport: Praeger Publishers.
42. KORNHAUSER, R. (1978), Social Sources of Delinquency. An Appraisal of Analytic Models. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
43. KROESE, G. J. and STARING, R. H. (1993), Prestige, Professie en Wanhoop: Een Onderzoek onder Gedetineerde Overvallers (Prestige, Profession and Despair: A Research on Imprisoned Robbers). Arnhem: Gouda Quint.
44. KRUISSINK, M. and WIERSMA, E. G. (1995), Inbraak in Bedrijven: Daders, Aangiftes en Slachtoffers Onderzocht (Burglary in Companies: Offenders, Reports and Victims Investigated). Arnhem: Gouda Quint.
45. LAZARSFELD, P. F. and MERTON, R. K. (1954), 'Friendship as Social Process: a Substantive and Methodological Analysis', in M. Berger, T. Abel and C. H. Page, eds., Freedom and Control in Modern Society, 18-66. Toronto: Nostrand.
46. LEJEUNE, R. (1977), 'The Management of a Mugging', Urban Life, 6: 123-48.
47. LETKEMANN, P. (1973), Crime as Work. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
48. LÉVI-STRAUSS, C. (1949), Les Structures élémentaires de la Parenté. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.
49. MAGUIRE, M. and BENNETT, T. (1982), Burglary in a Dwelling: The Offence, the Offender and the Victim. London: Heinemann.
50. MATZA, D. (1964), Delinquency and Drift. New York: Wiley.
51. MCCARTHY, B. and HAGAN, J. (1999), When Does Crime Pay? Capital, Competence and Criminal Success, paper presented at the 1999 Annual Meeting of the American Society of Criminology, Toronto.
52. MCCARTHY, B., HAGAN, J. and COHEN, L. E. (1998), 'Uncertainty, Cooperation, and Crime: Understanding the Decision to Co-Offend', Social Forces, 77: 155-76.
53. MCCORD, J. and CONWAY, K. (1996), Age, Crime, and Co-Offending, paper presented at the 1996 Annual Meeting of the American Society of Criminology, Chicago.
54. -(2002), 'Patterns of juvenile Delinquency and Co-Offending', in E. Waring and D. Weisburd, eds., Crime and Social Organization, Advances in Criminological Theory, vol. 10, 15-29. New Brunswick: Transactions Publishers.
55. MILLER, W. B. (1967), 'Theft Behaviour in City Gangs', in M. Klein, ed., Juvenile Gangs in Context, 25-37. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
56. -(1982), Crime by Youth Gangs and Groups in the United Slates. Washington: US Department of Justice.
57. REISS, A. J. (1986), 'Co-Offender Influences on Criminal Careers', in A. Blumstein, J. Cohen, J. A. Roth and C. A. Visher, eds., Criminal Careers and Career Criminals, vol. II. Washington: National Acadamy Press.
58. REISS, A. J. and FARRINGTON, D. F. (1991), 'Advancing Knowledge about Co-Offending: Results from a Prospective Longitudinal Survey of London Males', Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 82: 360-95.
59. SARNECKI, J. (1986), Delinquent Networks. Stockholm: Liber Forlag.
60. -(1990), 'Delinquent Networks in Sweden ', Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 6: 31-50.
61. SCHACHTER, S. (1951), 'Deviation, Rejection and Communication', Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 46: 190-207.
62. SHAPLAND, J. M. (1978), 'Self-reported Delinquency in Boys aged 11 to 14', British Journal of Criminology, 18: 255-66.
63. SHAW, C. R. and MCKAY, H. D. (1931 ), Report on the Causes of Crime, vol. II. Washington: Government Printing Office.
64. SHERIF, M. (1936), The Psychology of Social Norms. New York: Harper.
65. SHORT, J. F. and STRODTBECK, F. L. (1965), Group Process and Delinquency. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
66. SHOVER, N. (1973), 'The Social Organization of Burglary', Social Problems, 20: 499-514.
67. SIMON, H. A. (1983), Reasoning in Human Affair. Oxford: Blackwell.
68. SUTHERLAND, E. H. (1947), Principles of Criminology. Philadelphia: Lippincott.
69. SVERI, K. (1965), 'Group Activity', in K. O. Christiansen, ed., Scandinavian Studies in Criminology, vol. 1, 173-85. London: Tavistock
70. THIBAUT, J. W. and KELLEY, H. H. (1959), The Social Psychology of Groups. New York: Wiley.
71. THORNBERRY, T. P., KROHN, M. D., LIZOTTE, A.J. and CHARD-WIERSCHEM, D. (1993), 'The Role of Juvenile Gangs in Facilitating Delinquent Behavior', Jounal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 30: 55-87.
72. TREMBLAY, P. (1993), 'Searching for Suitable Co-Offenders', in R. V. Clarke and M. Felson, eds., Routine Activity and Rational Choice: Advances in Criminological Theory, vol. 5, 17-36. New Brunswick: Transaction Books.
73. VAN DIJK, B., VAN SOOMEREN, P. and WALOP, M. (1984), 'Vandalism in Amsterdam', in C. Lévy-Leboyer, ed., Vandalism: Behaviour and Motivations, 319-34. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers.
74. WALSH, D. (1986), Heavy Business: Commercial Burglary and Robbery. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
75. WARING, E. (2002), 'Co-Offending as a Network Form of Social Organization', in E. Waring and D. Weisburd, eds., Crime and Social Organization, Advances in Criminological Theory, vol. 10, 15-29. New Brunswick: Transactions Publishers.
76. WARR, M. (1993), 'Age, Peers, and Delinquency', Criminology, 31: 17-40.
77. -(1996), 'Organization and Instigation in Delinquent Groups', Criminology, 34:11-37.
78. -(2002), Companions in Crime: The Social Aspects of Criminal Conduct. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
79. WEERMAN, F. M. (2001), Samenplegen:Over Criminele Samenwerking en Groepsvorming (Co-Offending: On Criminal Co-Operation and Group Formation). Nijmegen: Ars Aequi Libri.
80. WRIGHT, R. T. and DECKER, S. H. (1994), Burglars on the Job: Streetlife and Residential Break-ins. Boston: Northeastern University Press.
81. ZHANG, Q., LOEBER, R., FARRINGTON, D. P. and STOUTHAMER-LOEBER, M. (1997), Temporal Patterns of Co-Offending and Social Psychological Profiles of Co-Offenders, paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Society of Criminology, Washington.
82. ZIMRING, F. E. (1981), 'Kids, Groups and Crime: Some Implications of a Well-known Secret', Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 3: 867-85.