Interpretation of GC-MS opiate results in the presence of pholcodine

Forensic Science International

Volumn 127, Issue 1-2, 2002, Pages 131-135

  Meadway, C ^a   George, S ^a   Braithwaite, R ^a  

^a CITY HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Employment screening; Gas chromatography mass spectrometry; Opiate(s); Pholcodine; Urine

Indexed keywords

CODEINE; DIHYDROCODEINE; MORPHINE; MORPHINE 6 ACETATE; OPIATE; PHOLCODINE;

ANALYTIC METHOD; ARTICLE; CONCENTRATION RESPONSE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CROSS REACTION; DILUTION; DRUG SCREENING; EUROPE; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; HUMAN; IMMUNOASSAY; INFORMATION SYSTEM; MASS SPECTROMETRY; MEDICOLEGAL ASPECT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUALITY CONTROL; SAMPLING; SIGNAL DETECTION; UNITED KINGDOM; URINALYSIS; WORKPLACE;

EID: 0037173083     PISSN: 03790738     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0379-0738(01)00643-0     Document Type: Article

References (9)

1. Determination of pholcodine and its metabolites in urine by capillary gas chromatography
2. Pharmacokinetics in healthy volunteers: Single and chronic dosing studies
3. Pholcodine interference in the immunoassay for opiates in urine
4. Evaluation of detection techniques and laboratory proficiency in testing for drugs of abuse in urine: An external quality assessment scheme using clinically realistic urine samples
5. Opiate concentrations following the ingestion of poppy seed products - Evidence for the poppy seed defence
6. Toxicological detection of pholcodine and its metabolites in urine and hair using radioimmunoassay, fluorescence polarisation immunoassay, enzyme immunoassay and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
7. Recommendations for the reliable detection of illicit drugs in urine in the European Union, with special attention to the workplace