The association of seropositivity to Helicobacter Pylori, Chlamydia Pneumoniae, and cytomegalovirus with risk of cardiovascular disease: A prospective study

Journal of the American College of Cardiology

Volumn 40, Issue 8, 2002, Pages 1408-1413

  Haider, Agha W ^a,c,d   Wilson, Peter W F ^a   Larson, Martin G ^a,c   Evans, Jane C ^a,c   Michelson, Eric L ^e   Wolf, Philip A ^c   O'Donnell, Christopher J ^a   Levy, Daniel ^a,b,c,f  

^a FRAMINGHAM HEART STUDY   (United States)

^b NATIONAL HEART LUNG AND BLOOD INSTITUTE   (United States)

^c BOSTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^d HAHNEMANN UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (United States)

^e ASTRAZENECA   (United Kingdom)

^f BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; IMMUNOGLOBULIN A; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; BLOOD SAMPLING; BODY MASS; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CHLAMYDOPHILA PNEUMONIAE; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CIGARETTE SMOKING; CONTROLLED STUDY; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS; DIABETES MELLITUS; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; FEMALE; HEART INFARCTION; HELICOBACTER PYLORI; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; INCIDENCE; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PREDICTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; RISK ASSESSMENT; SEROLOGY; SEX RATIO;

AGED; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CHLAMYDOPHILA INFECTIONS; CHLAMYDOPHILA PNEUMONIAE; COHORT STUDIES; COMORBIDITY; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTIONS; FEMALE; HELICOBACTER INFECTIONS; HELICOBACTER PYLORI; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SEROEPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES;

EID: 0037120942     PISSN: 07351097     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0735-1097(02)02272-6     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Ross R. Atherosclerosis - an inflammatory disease. N Engl J Med 1999;340:115-26.
2. Danesh J, Collins R, Peto R. Chronic infections and coronary heart disease: is there a link? Lancet 1997;350:430-6.
3. Libby P, Egan D, Skarlatos S. Roles of infectious agents in atherosclerosis and restenosis: an assessment of the evidence and need for future research. Circulation 1997;96:4095-103.
4. O'Donnell CJ, Levy D. Weighing the evidence for infection as a risk factor for coronary heart disease. Curr Cardiol Rep 2000;4:280-7.
5. Danesh J, Wong Y, Ward M, Muir J. Chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori, Chlamydia pneumoniae, or cytomegalovirus: population-based study of coronary heart disease. Heart 1999;81:245-7.
6. Ossewaarde JM, Feskens EJ, De Vries A, et al. Chlamydia pneumoniae is a risk factor for coronary heart disease in symptom-free elderly men, but Helicobacter pylori and cytomegalovirus are not. Epidemiol Infect 1998;120:93-9.
7. Gupta S, Leatham EW, Carrington D, et al. Elevated Chlamydia pneumoniae antibodies, cardiovascular events, and azithromycin in male survivors of myocardial infarction. Circulation 1997;96:404-7.
8. Gurfinkel E, Bozovich G, Daroca A, et al. Randomised trial of roxithromycin in non-Q-wave coronary syndromes: ROXIS Pilot Study. ROXIS Study Group. Lancet 1997;350:404-7.
9. Dawber TR, Meadors GF, Moore FEJ. Epidemiological approaches to heart disease: the Framingham Study. Am J Public Health 1957;41:279-86.
10. Cupples LA, D'Agostino RB, Kannel WB, Wolf P, Garrison RJ, editors. The Framingham Study: an epidemiological investigation of cardiovascular disease. Section 34: some risk factors related to the annual incidence of cardiovascular disease and death using pooled repeated biennial measurements. Framingham Heart Study, 30-year follow-up. 1988; Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health, PB87-177499.
11. SAS Institute Inc. SAS/STAT Software: Changes and Enhancements through Release 6.11, Cary, NC: In: Anonymous 6.11 ed. Cary, NC: SAS Institute, 1996:381-490.
12. Wald NJ, Law MR, Morris JK, Bagnall AM. Helicobacter pylori infection and mortality from ischaemic heart disease: negative result from a large, prospective study. BMJ 1997;315:1199-201.
13. Strachan DP, Carrington D, Mendall MA, et al. Cytomegalovirus seropositivity and incident ischaemic heart disease in the Caerphilly prospective heart disease study. Heart 1999;81:248-51.
14. Strandberg TE, Tilvis RS, Vuoristo M, et al. Prospective study of Helicobacter pylori seropositivity and cardiovascular diseases in a general elderly population. BMJ 1997;314:1317-8.
15. Folsom AR, Nieto FJ, Sorlie P, et al. Helicobacter pylori seropositivity and coronary heart disease incidence. Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (ARIC) study investigators. Circulation 1998;98:845-50.
16. Strachan DP, Mendall MA, Carrington D, et al. Relation of Helicobacter pylori infection to 13-year mortality and incident ischemic heart disease in the Caerphilly prospective heart disease study. Circulation 1998;98:1286-90.
17. Sung JJ, Sanderson JE. Hyperhomocysteinaemia, Helicobacter pylori, and coronary heart disease. Heart 1996;76:305-7.
18. Patel P, Carrington D, Strachan DP, et al. Fibrinogen: a link between chronic infection and coronary heart disease (letter). Lancet 1994;343:1634-5.
19. Mendall MA, Patel P, Ballam L, et al. C-reactive protein and its relation to cardiovascular risk factors: a population-based cross-sectional study. BMJ 1996;312:1061-5.
20. Patel P, Mendall MA, Khulusi S, et al. Helicobacter pylori infection in childhood: risk factors and effect on growth. BMJ 1994;309:1119-23.
21. Thom DH, Grayston JT, Siscovick DS, et al. Association of prior infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae and angiographically demonstrated coronary artery disease. JAMA 1992;268:68-72.
22. Saikku P, Leinonen M, Mattila K, et al. Serological evidence of an association of a novel Chlamydia, TWAR, with chronic coronary heart disease and acute myocardial infarction. Lancet 1988;2:983-6.
23. Kuo CC, Grayston JT, Campbell LA, et al. Chlamydia pneumoniae (TWAR) in coronary arteries of young adults (15-34 years old). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1995;92:6911-4.
24. Grayston JT, Kuo CC, Coulson AS, et al. Chlamydia pneumoniae (TWAR) in atherosclerosis of the carotid artery. Circulation 1995;92:3397-400.
25. Chiu B, Vilra E, Tucker W, Fong IW. Chlamydia pneumoniae, cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex virus in atherosclerosis of the carotid artery. Circulation 1997;96:2144-8.
26. Saikku P, Leinonen M, Tenkanen L, et al. Chronic Chlamydia pneumoniae infection as a risk factor for coronary heart disease in the Helsinki Heart Study. Ann Intern Med 1992;116:273-8.
27. Miettinen H, Lehto S, Saikku P, et al. Association of Chlamydia pneumoniae and acute coronary heart disease events in non-insulin-dependent diabetic and non-diabetic subjects in Finland. Eur Heart J 1996;17:682-8.
28. Strachan DP, Carrington D, Mendall MA, et al. Relation of Chlamydia pneumoniae serology to mortality and incidence of ischaemic heart disease over 13 years in the Caerphilly prospective heart disease study. BMJ 1999;318:1035-9.
29. Ridker PM, Kundsin RB, Stampfer MJ, et al. Prospective study of Chlamydia pneumoniae IgG seropositivity and risks of future myocardial infarction. Circulation 1999;99:1161-4.
30. Havlik RJ, Blackwelder WC, Kaslow R, Castelli W. Unlikely association between clinically apparent herpesvirus infection and coronary incidence at older ages. The Framingham Heart Study. Arteriosclerosis 1989;9:877-80.
31. Ridker PM, Hennekens CH, Stampfer MJ, Wang F. Prospective study of herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, and the risk of future myocardial infarction and stroke. Circulation 1998;98:2796-9.
32. Pasceri V, Cammarota G, Patti G, et al. Association of virulent Helicobacter pylori strains with ischemic heart disease. Circulation 1998;97:1675-9.
33. Dahlen GH, Boman J, Birgander LS, Lindblom B. Lp(a) lipoprotein, IgG, IgA and IgM antibodies to Chlamydia pneumoniae and HLA class II genotype in early coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis 1995;114:165-74.
34. Sinisalo J, Mattila K, Valtonen V, et al. Effect of 3 months of antimicrobial treatment with clarithromycin in acute non-Q-wave coronary syndrome. Circulation 2002;105:1555-60.
35. Coletta A, Thackray S, Nikitin N, Cleland JG. Clinical trials update: highlights of the scientific sessions of the American College of Cardiology 2002. Eur J Heart Fail 2002;4:381-8.
36. Haider AW, Evans JC, Larson MG, et al. The association of chronic cough with the risk of myocardial infarction: the Framingham Heart Study. Am J Med 1999;106:279-84.
37. Danesh J, Whincup P, Walker M, et al. Chlamydia pneumoniae IgG titres and coronary heart disease: prospective study and meta-analysis. BMJ 2000;321:208-13.