메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 297, Issue 5584, 2002, Pages 1144-1148

Steering attosecond electron wave packets with light

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

IONIZATION; LASERS; LIGHT; PHOTONS;

EID: 0037119597     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.1073866     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (361)

References (31)
  • 5
    • 0013192996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 2. In this intensity regime of interactions, ponderomotive effects provide the only means of affecting electron motion by light. For ultrashort (<1 ps) pulse durations, electrons released into a strong field lose energy equal to the ponderomotive potential of the laser, which is transferred into a blue shift of the radiation (6). The ponderomotive potential of long pulses, on the other hand, is capable of modifying the momentum of free electrons (7).
  • 8
    • 0035831259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • M. Drescher et al., Science 291, 1923 (2001).
    • (2001) Science , vol.291 , pp. 1923
    • Drescher, M.1
  • 9
    • 0035969558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • M. Hentschet et al., Nature 414, 509 (2001).
    • (2001) Nature , vol.414 , pp. 509
    • Hentschet, M.1
  • 12
    • 0035368931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • P. M. Paul et al., Science 292, 1689 (2001).
    • (2001) Science , vol.292 , pp. 1689
    • Paul, P.M.1
  • 14
    • 0013242560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • In our detection geometry, only electrons that are ejected with zero velocity in the direction orthogonal to the detection cone can be observed. These electrons experience only acceleration or deceleration by the field without any change in the direction of their momentum. However, electrons with nonzero transversal velocity component are also ejected. These electrons are indeed steered because the laser field changes the direction of their motion. They could be observed by aligning the detection cone so that it forms a nonzero angle with the laser electric field vector.
  • 15
    • 4243223874 scopus 로고
    • Control of the electron's drift velocity could be previously accomplished by using a microwave field [D. A. Tate, D. G. Papaioannou, T. F. Gallagher, Phys. Rev. A 42, 5703 (1990)].
    • (1990) Phys. Rev. A , vol.42 , pp. 5703
    • Tate, D.A.1    Papaioannou, D.G.2    Gallagher, T.F.3
  • 26
    • 0013192145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • L(t) would be perfectly periodic. A blue shift near the laser pulse peak [induced by ionization in the harmonic generation process; see (9)], however, impairs synchronism between the x-ray pulse sequence and the zero transitions of the probe laser field. In addition, the spikes are predicted to carry a substantial chirp and, hence, to be broadened in the "plateau" region.
  • 27
    • 0035829519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • G. G. Pautus et al., Nature 414, 182 (2001).
    • (2001) Nature , vol.414 , pp. 182
    • Pautus, G.G.1
  • 28
    • 0013256249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Note that tiny variations in the peak laser intensity can make the harmonic structure more or less pronounced as revealed by spectra c and d in Fig. 3. However, the modulation depth was kept below 25% in all measurements shown in Fig. 5, resulting in negligible fractional satellite energy content.
  • 29
    • 0013243569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • It is important to emphasize that this timing stability may not be valid for arbitrary values of the absolute phase φ of the driver pulse because laser shots characterized by a φ considerably deviating from 0 or φ are expected to deliver only a small contribution to energy-shifted spectral features. As a consequence, the evaluated upper limit on the timing jitter applies to laser pulses with φ ≈ 0 or φ only.
  • 30
    • 0013257692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • This finding is in accordance with our recent measurement (9) resulting in almost zero phase distortion over the 5-eV bandwidth (FWHM) of the sub-femtosecond harmonic pulse generated under similar experimental conditions in the same spectral range.
  • 31
    • 0013292295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The theory used extensively in this work (11) was developed under the guidance of T. Brabec. The transmission-grating x-ray spectrograph was provided by T. Wilhein and by G. Schmahl. The computer-controlled data acquisition system was significantly improved by M. Hornung. We had illuminating discussions with G. Reider. All contributions are gratefully acknowledged. Sponsored by the Fonds zur Förderung der Wissenchaftlichen Forschung in Österreich (Austria, grants Y44-PHY and F016), the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Germany, grants SPP1053, HE1049/9, and KL1077/1), and the European Union's Human Potential Programme under contract HPRN-2000-00133 (Atto).


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.