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0012327599
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note
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Water presented a behavior different from that observed with ethylene glycol. The surface of water solutions acted as a convex mirror, defocusing the reflected beam and indicating the formation of a "bump" on the surface instead of a depression. Such behavior suggests that density gradients are the dominant effect in this case. However, for thin layers of liquids with low viscosity, a vigorous Marangoni convection can lead to the reflection of a mass of liquid on the bottom of the recipient, which returns upward producing dilation of the surface. A similar phenomenon was observed in experiments on simulated weld pools developed by another group (see ref 17). In our laboratory, the same anomalous behavior was observed with solutions of ethanol and and acetone and with ethylene glycol after addition of a certain amount of water. This phenomenon cannot be completely explained from the results presented here and demands a separate investigation, which is now under progress.
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32
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0012269436
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note
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The surface flattening due to the back-spreading pressure of the monolayer can occur even in the case of the formation of a bump on the surface driven by density gradients. The direction of the liquid flow will be opposite to that observed when surface tension is the driving force for convection. However, the monolayer will also move on the surface in this case, generating an opposite surface tension gradient and causing the attenuation of the surface deformation. Thus, even when density gradients generate the convection, the suppression of the signal by a monolayer is likely to occur.
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40
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0000555799
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