New advances in the biochemical diagnosis of pheochromocytoma: Moving beyond catecholamines

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

Volumn 970, Issue , 2002, Pages 29-40

  Lenders, Jacques W M ^a   Pacak, Karel ^b   Eisenhofer, Graeme ^c,d  

^a RADBOUD UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^b EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT   (United States)

^c NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE   (United States)

^d NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH   (United States)

Author keywords

Diagnosis, adrenal incidentaloma, von Hippel Lindau disease; Epinephrine; Metanephrine; Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2; Norepinephrine; Normetanephrine; Pheochromocytoma

Indexed keywords

CATECHOLAMINE; METADRENALIN; NORMETADRENALIN; VANILMANDELIC ACID;

ADRENAL CORTEX ADENOMA; CATECHOLAMINE BLOOD LEVEL; CATECHOLAMINE RELEASE; CATECHOLAMINE URINE LEVEL; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; CONFERENCE PAPER; DIAGNOSTIC TEST; DISEASE PREDISPOSITION; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; MEASUREMENT; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; RELIABILITY; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; TUMOR CELL;

EID: 0037024521     PISSN: 00778923     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04410.x     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (38)

1. Engel, A. & U.S. von Euler. 1950. Diagnostic value of increased urinary output of noradrenaline and adrenaline in phaeochromocytoma. Lancet 2: 387.
2. Goldenberg, M., I. Serlin, T. Edwards, et al. 1954. Chemical screening methods for the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. Am. J. Med. 16: 310-328.
3. Sjoerdsma, A., L.C. Leeper, L.L. Terry, et al. 1959. Studies on the biogenesis and metabolism of norepinephrine in patients with pheochromocytoma. J. Clin. Invest. 38: 31-38.
4. Gitlow, S.E., M. Mendlowitz, S. Khassis, et al. 1960. The diagnosis of pheochromocytoma by determination of urinary 3-methoxy-4-hydṙoxymandelic acid. J. Clin. Invest. 39: 221-226.
5. Crout, J.R. & A. Sjoerdsma. 1964. Turnover and metabolism of catecholamines in patients with pheochromocytoma. J. Clin. Invest. 43: 94-102.
6. Bravo, E.L., R.C. Tarazi, R.W. Gifford, et al. 1979. Circulating and urinary catecholamines in pheochromocytoma. Diagnostic and pathophysiologic implications. N. Engl. J. Med. 301: 682-686.
7. Mannelli, M., M.L. De Feo, M. Maggi, et al. 1987. Usefulness of basal catecholamine plasma levels and clonidine suppression test in the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. J. Endocrinol. Invest. 10: 377-382.
8. Duncan, M.W., P. Compton, L. Lazarus, et al. 1988. Measurement of norepinephrine and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol in urine and plasma for the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 319: 136-142.
9. Mantero, F., M. Terzolo, G. Arnaldi, et al. 2001. A survey on adrenal incidentaloma in Italy: Study Group on Adrenal Tumors of the Italian Society of Endocrinology. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 85: 637-644.
10. Calmettes, C., B.A. Ponder, J.A. Fischer, et al. 1992. Early diagnosis of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 syndrome: Consensus statement. European Community Concerted Action: Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma. Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 22: 755-760.
11. Neumann, H.P., D.P. Berger, G. Sigmund, et al. 1993. Pheochromocytomas, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2, and von Hippel-Lindau disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 329: 1531-1538.
12. Aprill, B.S., A.J. Drake, D.H. Lasseter, et al. 1994. Silent adrenal nodules in von Hippel-Lindau disease suggest pheochromocytoma. Ann. Intern. Med. 120: 485-487.
13. Walther. M.M., R. Reiter, H.R. Keiser, et al. 1999. Clinical and genetic characterization of pheochromocytoma in von Hippel-Lindau families: Comparison with sporadic pheochromocytoma gives insight into natural history of pheochromocytoma. J. Urol. 162: 659-664.
14. Eisenhofer, G., J.W. Lenders, W.M. Linehan, et al. 1999. Plasma normetanephrine and metanephrine for detecting pheochromocytoma in von Hippel-Lindau disease and multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2. N. Engl. J. Med. 340: 1872-1879.
15. Raber, W., W. Raffesberg, E. Kmen, et al. 2000. Pheochromocytoma with normal urinary and plasma catecholamines but elevated plasma free metanephrines in a patient with adrenal incidentaloma. Endocrinologist 10: 65-68.
16. Shawar, L. & F. Svec. 1996. Pheochromocytoma with elevated metanephrines as the only biochemical finding. J. La. State. Med. Soc. 148: 535-538.
17. Peaston, R.T. & L.C. Lai. 1993. Biochemical detection of phaechromocytoma: Should we still be measuring urinary HMMA? J. Clin. Pathol. 46: 734-737.
18. Gerlo, E.A. & C. Sevens. 1994. Urinary and plasma catecholamines and urinary catecholamine metabolites in pheochromocytoma: Diagnostic value in 19 cases. Clin. Chem. 40: 250-256.
19. Mannelli, M., L. Ianni, A. Cilotti, et al. 1999. Pheochromocytoma in Italy: A multicentric retrospective study. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 141: 619-624.
20. Bertani-Dziedzic, L.M., A.M. Krstulovic, S.W. Dziedzic, et al. 1981. Analysis of urinary metanephrines by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and electrochemical detection. Clin. Chim. Acta 110: 1-8.
21. Taylor, R.L. & R.J. Singh. 2002. Validation of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for analysis of urinary conjugated metanephrine and normetanephrine for screening of pheochromocytoma. Clin. Chem. 48: 533-539.
22. Eisenhofer, G. 2001. Free or total metanephrines for diagnosis of pheochromocytoma: What is the difference? Clin. Chem. 47: 988-999.
23. Eisenhofer, G., T.-T. Huynh, M. Hiroi, et al. 2001. Understanding catecholamine metabolism as a guide to the biochemical diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. Rev. Endocr. Metab. Dis. 2: 297-311.
24. Mornex, R., L. Peyrin, R. Pagliari, et al. 1991. Measurement of plasma methoxyamines for the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. Horm. Res. 36: 220-226.
25. Marini, M., M. Fathi & M. Vallotton. 1994. Determination of serum metanephrines in the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. Ann. Endocrinol. 54: 337-342.
26. Eisenhofer, G., P. Friberg, K. Pacak, et al. 1995. Plasma metadrenalines: Do they provide useful information about sympatho-adrenal function and catecholamine metabolism? Clin. Sci. (Colch). 88: 533-542.
27. Eisenhofer, G., B. Rundqvist, A. Aneman, et al. 1995. Regional release and removal of catecholamines and extraneuronal metabolism to metanephrines. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 80: 3009-3017.
28. Eisenhofer, G., H. Keiser, P. Friberg, et al. 1998. Plasma metanephrines are markers of pheochromocytoma produced by catechol-O-methyltransferase within tumors. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 83: 2175-2185.
29. DeQuattro, V., P. Sullivan, A. Foti, et al. 1980. Central and regional normetadrenaline in evaluation of neurogenic aspects of hypertension: Aid to diagnosis of phaeochromocytoma. Clin. Sci. 59: 275s-277s.
30. Lenders, J.W.M., G. Eisenhofer, I. Armando, et al. 1993. Determination of plasma metanephrines by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Clin. Chem. 39: 97-103.
31. Lenders, J.W., H.R. Keiser, D.S. Goldstein, et al. 1995. Plasma metanephrines in the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. Ann. Intern. Med. 123: 101-109.
32. Raber, W., W. Raffesberg, M. Bischof, et al. 2000. Diagnostic efficacy of unconjugated plasma metanephrines for the detection of pheochromocytoma. Arch. Intern. Med. 160: 2957-2963.
33. Young, M.J., C. Dmuchowski, J.W. Wallis, et al. 1989. Biochemical tests for pheochromocytoma: Strategies in hypertensive patients. J. Gen. Intern. Med. 4: 273-276.
34. Heron, E., G. Chatellier, E. Billaud, et al. 1996. The urinary metanephrine-to-creatinine ratio for the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. Ann. Intern. Med. 125: 300-303.
35. Witteles, R.M., E.L. Kaplan & M.F. Roizen. 2000. Sensitivity of diagnostic and localization tests for pheochromocytoma in clinical practice. Arch. Intern. Med. 160: 2521-2524.
36. Hernandez, F.C., M. Sanchez, A. Alvarez, et al. 2001. A five-year report on experience in the detection of pheochromocytoma. Clin. Biochem. 33: 649-655.
37. Gardet, V., B. Gatta, G. Simonnet, et al. 2001. Lessons from an unpleasant surprise: A biochemical strategy for the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. J. Hypertens. 19: 1029-1035.
38. Lenders, J.W., K. Pacak, M. M. Walther, et al. 2002. Biochemical diagnosis of pheochromocytoma: Which test is best? JAMA 287: 1427-1434.