Deflection of mantle plume material by cratonic keels

Geological Society Special Publication

Volumn 199, Issue , 2002, Pages 135-150

  Sleep, N H ^a   Ebinger, C J ^b   Kendall, J M ^c  

^a STANFORD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARCHEAN; CRATON; LITHOSPHERIC STRUCTURE; MANTLE PLUME; SEISMIC ANISOTROPY;

ARCHAEA;

EID: 0036999982     PISSN: 03058719     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1144/GSL.SP.2002.199.01.08     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. ALBERS, M. & CHRISTENSEN, U. L. 2001. Channeling of plume flow beneath mid-ocean ridges, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 187, 207-220.
2. ARTEMIEVA, I. & MOONEY, W. 2001. Petrological constraints on lithospheric geotherms and implications for Archaean cratons. Journal of Geophysical Research, 106, 16 387-16 414.
3. BANK, C.-G., BOSTOCK, M., ELLIS, R., HAJNAL, Z. & VANDECAR, J. 1998. Lithospheric mantle structure beneath the Trans-Hudson orogen and the origin of diamondiferous kimberlites. Journal of Geophysical Research, 103, 10 103-10 114.
4. BLACKMAN, D. K., KENDALL, J.-M., DAWSON, P., WENK, H.-R., BOYCE, D. & PHIPPS MORGAN, J. 1996. Teleseismic imaging of subaxial flow at mid-ocean ridges: travel-time effects of anisotropic mineral texture in the mantle. Geophysical Journal International, 127, 415-426.
5. BLACKMAN, D. K., WENK, H.-R. & KENDALL, J.-M. 2002. Seismic anisotropy of the upper mantle: 1, Factors that affect mineral texture and effective elastic constants. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, (in press).
6. BOYD, F. R., GURNEY, J. J. & RICHARDSON, S. 1985. Evidence for a 150-200 km-thick Archaean lithosphere from diamond inclusion thermobarometry. Nature, 315, 387-389.
7. CARLSON, R., PEARSON, D. G., BOYD, F. R., SHIREY, S. B., IRVINE, G., MENZIES, A. H. & GURNEY, J. J. 2002. Re-Os systematics of lithospheric peridotites: implications for lithosphere formation and preservation. In: GURNEY, J. J., GURNEY, J. L., PASCOE, D. & RICHARDSON, S. (eds) Proceedings of the 7th International Kimberlite Conference. Redroof Designs, Capetown, 99-108.
8. CHESLEY, J., RUDNICK, R. & LEE, C.-T. 1999. Re-Os systematics of mantle xenoliths from the East African rift: age structure and history of the Tanzanian craton. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 63, 1203-1217.
9. DAVIES, G. F. 1988. Ocean bathymetry and mantle convection, 1, Large-scale flow and hotspots. Journal of Geophysical Research, 93, 10 467-10 480.
10. DOIN, M.-P., FLEITOUT, L. & CHRISTENSEN, U. 1997. Mantle convection and stability of depleted and undepleted continental lithosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research, 102, 2771-2787.
11. DOIN, M.-P., FLEITOUT, L. & MCKENZIE, D. P. 1996. Geoid anomalies and the structure of continental and oceanic lithospheres. Journal of Geophysical Research, 101, 16 119-16 135.
12. EBINGER, C. & SLEEP, N. 1998. Cenozoic magmatism throughout east Africa resulting from impact of one large plume. Nature, 395, 788-791.
13. EBINGER, C., JACKSON, J., FOSTER, A. & HAYWARD, N. 1999. Extentional basin geometry and the mechanical lithosphere. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, London, Series A. 357, 741-762.
14. FORTE, A. & PERRY, H. C. 2000. Geodynamic evidence for a chemically depleted continental tectosphere. Science, 290, 1941-1944.
15. FOUCH, M., FISCHER, K., PARMENTIER, E. M., WYSESSION, M. & CLARKE, T. 1999. Shear wave splitting, continental keels, and patterns of mantle flow. Journal of Geophysical Research, 103, 6255-6276.
16. GEORGE, R., ROGERS, N. W. & KELLEY, S. P. 1998. Two plumes beneath Africa. Geology, 26, 923-926.
17. GRIFFITHS, R. W. & CAMPBELL, I. H. 1991. Interaction of mantle plume heads with the Earth's surface and onset of small scale convection. Journal of Geophysical Research, 96, 18 295-18 310.
18. HEAMAN, L. M. & LECHEMINANT, A. 1988. U-Pb baddeleyite ages of the Muskox intrusion and Mackenzie dyke swarms, NWT, Mineralogical Association of Canada, 12, 53.
19. HUPPERT, H. 1982. The propagation of two-dimensional and axisymmetric viscous gravity currents over a rigid horizontal surface. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 121, 43-58.
20. JAMES, D. E. & FOUCH, M. J. 2002, Formation and evolution of Archaean cratons: insights from southern Africa. In: FOWLER, C. M. R., EBINGER, C. J. & HAWKESWORTH, C. J. (eds) The Early Earth: Physical, Chemical and Biological Development. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 199, 1-26.
21. JAUPART, C. & MARESCHAL, J. C. 1999. The thermal structure and thickness of continental roots. Lithos, 48, 93-114.
22. JAUPART, C., MARESCHAL, J. C., GUILLOU-FROTTIER, L. & DAVAILLE, A. 1998. Heat flow and thickness of the lithosphere in the Canadian shield. Journal of Geophysical Research, 103, 15 269-15 286.
23. JORDAN, T. H. 1981. Continents as a chemical boundary layer. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series A, 301, 359-373.
24. KAY, I., SOL, S., KENDALL, J.-M. & 5 OTHERS, 1999. Shear wave splitting observations in the Archean craton of western Superior. Geophysical Research Letters, 6, 2669-2672.
25. KENDALL, J.-M. & THOMSON, C. J. 1989. A comment on the form of the geometrical spreading equations, with numerical examples of seismic ray tracing in inhomogeneous, anisotropic media, Geophysical Journal International, 99, 401-413.
26. KENDALL, J.-M., RAYMER, D. G. & BLACKMAN, D. K. 1998. Bias due to simple approximations for flow-induced mineral orientation distribution. EOS Transactions American Geophysical Union, 79, S212.
27. LENARDIC, A. & MORESI, L. 2000. A new class of equilibrium geotherms in the deep thermal lithosphere of the continents. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 176, 331-338.
28. NIXON, P. H. 1987. Mantle Xenoliths, Wiley, New York.
29. NYBLADE, A., OWENS, T., GARRULA, H., RITSEMA, J. & LANGSTON, C. 2000. Seismic evidence for a deep upper mantle thermal anomaly beneath east Africa. Geology, 28, 599-602.
30. PEARSON, D. G. 1999. The age of continental roots. Lithos, 48, 171-194.
31. PEARSON, D. G., IRVINE, G. J., CARLSON, R. W., KOPYLOVA, M. G. & IONOVA, D. A. 2002. The development of lithospheric keels beneath the earliest continents: time constraints using PGE and Re-Os isotope systematics. In: FOWLER, C. M. R., EBINGER, C. J. & HAWKESWORTH, C. J. (eds) The Early Earth: Physical, Chemical and Biological Development. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 199, 65-90.
32. PETIT, C. & EBINGER, C. 2000. Flexure and mechanical behaviour of cratonic lithosphere: gravity models of the East African and Baikal rifts. Journal of Geophysical Research, 105, 19 151-19 162.
33. PRIESTLEY, K. & MCKENZIE, D. 2002. The structure of the upper mantle beneath southern Africa. In: FOWLER, C. M. R., EBINGER, C. J. & HAWKESWORTH, C. J. (eds) The Early Earth: Physical, Chemical and Biological Development. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 199, 45-64.
34. RIBE, N. & CHRISTENSEN, U. R. 1994. Three-dimensional modelling of plume-lithosphere interaction. Journal of Geophysical Research, 99, 669-682.
35. RIBE, N. M. & CHRISTENSEN, U. R. 1999. The dynamical origin of Hawaiian volcanism. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 177, 517-531.
36. RICHARDS, M., DUNCAN, R. & COURTILLOT, V. 1989. Flood basalts and hotspot tracks: plume heads and tails. Science, 246, 103-107.
37. RITSEMA, J. & VAN HEIJST, H. 2000. New seismic model of the upper mantle beneath Africa. Geology, 28, 63-66.
38. RITSEMA, J., NYBLADE, A., OWENS, T., LANGSTON, C. & VANDECAR, J. 1998. Upper mantle seismic velocity structure beneath Tanzania, east Africa. Journal of Geophysical Research, 103, 21 201-21 213.
39. RUDNICK, R., & NYBLADE, A. 1999. The thickness and heat production of Archean lithosphere: constraints from xenolith thermobarometry and surface heat flow. In: FEI, Y., FERTKA, M. & MYSEN, B. (eds) Mantle Petrology: Field Observations and High Pressure Experimentation. Chemical Society, Special Publications, 6, 3-12.
40. SILVER, P. 1996. Seismic anisotropy beneath the continents: probing the depths of geology. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Science, 24, 385-432.
41. SLEEP, N. H. 1994. Lithospheric thinning by midplate mantle plumes and the thermal history of hot plume material ponded at lithospheric depths. Journal of Geophysical Research, 99, 9327-9343.
42. SLEEP, N. H. 1997. Lateral flow and ponding of starting plume material. Journal of Geophysical Research, 102, 10 001-10 012.
43. SLEEP, N. H. 2002. Thermal history of cratonal lithosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research, in press.
44. THOMPSON, G. & GIBSON, S. 1991. Subcontinental mantle plumes, hotspots and pre-existing thin-spots. Journal of the Geological Society, London, 148, 973-977.
45. TOMASSI, A. 1998. Forward modelling of the development of seismic anisotropy in the upper mantle. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 160, 1-13.
46. VAN DER LEE, S. & NOLET, G. 1997. Upper mantle S velocity structure of North America. Journal of Geophysical Research, 102, 22 815-22 838.