The moderating effects of employee tenure on the relation between organizational commitment and job performance: A meta-analysis

Journal of Applied Psychology

Volumn 87, Issue 6, 2002, Pages 1183-1190

  Wright, Thomas A ^a   Bonett, Douglas G ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA   (United States)

^b IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; CLINICAL TRIAL; EMPLOYMENT; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; META ANALYSIS; METHODOLOGY; MIDDLE AGED; ORGANIZATION; PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT; REVIEW; TIME;

ADULT; EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL; EMPLOYMENT; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE; PERSONNEL LOYALTY; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 0036988463     PISSN: 00219010     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/0021-9010.87.6.1183     Document Type: Article

References (82)

1. Adkins, C. L. (1995). Previous work experience and organizational socialization: A longitudinal examination. Academy of Management Journal, 38, 839-862.
2. Angle, H. L., & Lawson, M. B. (1994). Organizational commitment and employees' performance ratings: Both type of commitment and type of performance count. Psychological Reports, 75, 1539-1551.
3. Aronson, E. (1969). The theory of cognitive dissonance: A current perspective. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 4, pp. 1-34). New York: Academic Press.
4. Bauer, T. N., & Green, S. G. (1998). Testing the combined effects of newcomer information seeking and manager behavior on socialization. Journal of Applied Psychology, 83, 72-83.
5. Becker, H. (1964). Personal change in adult life. Sociometry, 27, 40-53.
6. Becker, T. E. (1992). Foci and bases of commitment: Are they distinctions worth making? Academy of Management Journal, 35, 232-244.
7. Becker, T. E., Billings, R. S., Eveleth, D. M., & Gilbert. N. L. (1996). Foci and bases of employee commitment: Implications for job performance. Academy of Management Journal, 39, 464-482.
8. Blum, M. L. & Naylor, J. C. (1968). Industrial psychology: Its theoretical and social foundations. New York: Harper & Row.
9. Brett, J. F., Cron, W. L., & Slocum, J. W. (1995). Economic dependency on work: A moderator of the relationship between organizational commitment and performance. Academy of Management Journal, 38, 261-271.
10. Cohen, A. (1991). Career stage as a moderator of the relationships between organizational commitment and its outcomes: A meta-analysis. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 64, 253-268.
11. Cohen, A. (1992). Antecedents of organizational commitment across occupational groups: A meta-analysis. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 13, 539-558.
12. Cohen, A. (1993a). Age and tenure in relation to organizational commitment: A meta-analysis. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 14, 143-159.
13. Cohen, A. (1993b). Organizational commitment and turnover: A meta-analysis. Academy of Management Journal, 36, 1140-1157.
14. Cohen, J., & Cohen, P. (1975). Applied multiple regression/ correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
15. Cooper, H., & Hedges, L. Y. (1994). Handbook of research synthesis. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
16. Crampon, W., Mowday, R., Smith, F., & Porter, L. W. (1978, August). Early attitudes predicting future behavior. Paper presented at the 38th annual meeting of the Academy of Management, San Francisco.
17. Cropanzano, R., James, K., & Konovsky, M. A. (1993). Dispositional af fectivity as a predictor of work attitudes and job performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 14, 595-606.
18. DeCotiis, T. A., & Summers, T. P. (1987). A path analysis of a model of the antecedents and consequences of organizational commitment. Human Relations, 40, 445-470.
19. Emshoff, J. R. (1994). How to increase employee loyalty while you downsize. Business Horizons, 37, 49-57.
20. Festinger, L. (1957). A theory of cognitive dissonance. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
21. Gibson, J. L., & Klein, S. M. (1970). Employee attitudes as a function of age and length of service. Academy of Management Journal, 13, 411-425.
22. Guzzo, R., Jackson, S. E., & Katzell, R. A. (1987). Meta-analysis analysis. In L. L. Cummings & B. M. Staw (Eds.), Research in organizational behavior (Vol. 9, pp. 407-442). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
23. Hackett, R. D., Bycio, P., & Hausdorf, P. A. (1994). Further assessment of Meyer and Allen's (1991) three-component model of organizational commitment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 79, 15-23.
24. Hall, D. T., & Hall, F. S. (1976). The relationship between goals, performance, success, self-image, and involvement under different organizational climates. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 8, 1-12.
25. Hall, D. T., & Mansfield, R. (1975). Relationships of age and seniority with career variables of engineers and scientists. Journal of Applied Psychology, 60, 201-210.
26. Hedges L. V., & Olkin, I. (1985). Statistical methods for meta-analysis. New York: Academic Press.
27. Hunter, J. E., & Schmidt, F. L. (1995). Methods of meta-analysis: Correcting error and bias in research findings. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
28. Hunter, J. E., Schmidt, F. L., & Jackson, G. B. (1982). Meta-analysis: Cumulating research findings across studies. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
29. Jackson, S. E., Turner, J. A., & Brief, A. P. (1987). Correlates of burnout among public service lawyers. Journal of Occupational Behavior, 8, 339-349.
30. Jamal, M. (1984). Job stress and job performance controversy: An empirical investigation. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 33, 1-21.
31. James, L. R., & Brett, J. M. (1984). Mediators, moderators, and tests for mediation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 69, 307-321.
32. Lee, K., Carswell, J. J., & Allen, N. A. (2000). A meta-analytic review of occupational commitment: Relations with person- and work-related variables. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85, 799-811.
33. Lee, T. W., & Mowday, R. T. (1987). Voluntarily leaving an organiza tion: An empirical investigation of Steers and Mowday's model of turnover. Academy of Management Journal, 30, 721-743.
34. Leiter, M. P., & Maslach, C. (1988). The impact of interpersonal environment on burnout and organizational commitment. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 9, 297-308.
35. March, J. G., & Simon, H. A. (1958). Organizations. New York: Wiley.
36. Mathieu, J. E., & Zajac, D. M. (1990). A review and meta-analysis of the antecedents, correlates, and consequences of organizational commitment. Psychological Bulletin, 108, 171-194.
37. McEvoy, G. M., & Cascio, W. F. (1989). Cumulative evidence of the relationship between employee age and job performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 74, 11-17.
38. Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1984). Testing the "side-bet theory" of organizational commitment: Some methodological considerations. Journal of Applied Psychology, 69, 372-378.
39. Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1997). Commitment in the workplace: Theory, research, and application. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
40. Meyer, J. P., Allen, N. J., & Gellatly, I. R. (1990). Affective and continuance commitment to the organization: Evaluation of measures and analysis of concurrent and time-lagged relations. Journal of Applied Psychology, 75, 710-720.
41. Meyer,. J. P., Paunonen, S. V., Gellatly, I. R., Goffin, R. D., & Jackson, D. N. (1989). Organizational commitment and job performance: It's the nature of the commitment that counts. Journal of Applied Psychology, 74, 152-156.
42. Mitchell, T. R., & James, L. J. (2001). Building better theory: Time and the specification of when things happen. Academy of Management Review, 26, 530-547.
43. Montgomery, D. C., & Peck, E. A. (1992). Introduction to linear regression analysis. New York: Wiley.
44. Morrow, P. (1983). Concept redundancy in organizational research: The case of work commitment. Academy of Management Review, 8, 486-500.
45. Mowday, R. T., Porter, L. W., & Steers, R. M. (1982). Employee-organizational linkages: The psychology of commitment, absenteeism, and turnover. New York: Academic Press.
46. Mowday, R. T., Steers, R. M., & Porter, L. W. (1979). The measurement of organizational commitment. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 14, 234-247.
47. Neter, J., Wasserman, W., & Kutner, M. (1989). Applied linear regression models (2nd ed.). Homewood, IL: Irwin.
48. O' Reilly, C., III, & Chatman, J. (1986). Organizational commitment and psychological attachment: The effects of compliance, identification, and intemalization on prosocial behavior. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71, 492-499.
49. Organ, D. W. (1988). Organizational citizenship behavior: The good soldier syndrome. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
50. Porter, L. W., Steers, R. M., Mowday, R. T., & Boulian, P. V. (1974). Organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and turnover among psychiatric technicians. Journal of Applied Psychology, 59, 603-609.
51. Randall, D. M. (1987). Commitment and the organization: The organization man revisited. Academy of Management Review, 12, 460-471.
52. Randall, D. M. (1990). The consequences of organizational commitment: A methodological investigation. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 11, 361-378.
53. Randall, D. M., Fedor, D. B., & Longenecker, C. O. (1990). The behavioral expression of organizational commitment. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 36, 210-224.
54. Randall, M. L., Cropanzano, R., Bormann, C. A., & Birjulin, A. (1999). Organizational politics and organizational support as predictors of work attitudes, job performance, and organizational citizenship behavior. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 20, 159-174.
55. Reichers, A. E. (1985). A review and reconceptualization of organizational commitment. Academy of Management Review, 10, 465-476.
56. Reichers, A. E. (1986), Conflict and organizational commitment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71, 508-514.
57. Roehling, M. V., Cavanaugh, M. A., Moynihan, L. M., & Boswell, W. R. (2000). The nature of the employment relationship: A content analysis of the practitioner and academic literatures. Human Resource Management, 39, 305-320.
58. Rosen, B., & Jerdee, T. H. (1976), The influence of age stereotypes on managerial decisions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 61, 428-432.
59. Saks, A. M. (1996). The relationship between the amount and helpfulness of entry training and work outcomes. Human Relations, 49, 429-451.
60. Salthouse, T. A., & Maurer, T. J. (1996). Aging, performance, and career development. In J. E. Birren & K. W. Schaie (Eds.), Handbook of the psychology of aging (pp. 353-364). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
61. Schmidt, F. L., Hunter, J. E., & Outerbridge, A. N. (1986). Impact of job experience and ability on job knowledge, work sample performance, and supervisory ratings of job performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71, 432-439.
62. Settoon, R. P., Bennett, N., & Liden, R. C. (1996). Social exchange in organizations: Perceived organizational support, leader-member exchange, and employee reciprocity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81, 219-227.
63. Shore, L. M., Barksdale, K., & Shore, T. H. (1995). Managerial perceptions of employee commitment to the organization. Academy of Management Journal, 38, 1593-1615.
64. Shore, L. M., & Martin, H. J. (1989). Job satisfaction and organizational commitment in relation to work performance and turnover intentions. Human Relations, 42, 625-638.
65. Somers, M. J., & Birnbaum, D. (1998). Work-related commitment and job performance: It's also the nature of the performance that counts. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 19, 621-634.
66. Steers, R. M. (1977). Antecedents and outcomes of organizational commitment. Administrative Science Quarterly, 22, 46-56.
67. Steers, R. M., & Mowday, R. (1981). Employee turnover and postdecision accommodation processes. In L. L. Cummings & B. M. Staw (Eds.), Research in organizational behavior (Vol. 3, pp. 235-281). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
68. Steiner, D. D., Lane, I. M., Dobbins, G. H., Schnur. A., & McConnell, S. (1991). A review of meta-analyses in organizational behavior and human resources management: An empirical assessment. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 51, 609-626.
69. Stumpf, S. A., & Hartman, K. (1984). Individual exploration to organizational commitment or withdrawal. Academy of Management Journal, 27, 308-329.
70. Super, D. (1957). The psychology of careers. New York: Harper.
71. Tukey, J. W. (1977). Exploratory data analysis. Reading, MA: Addison Wesley.
72. Van Maanen, J. (1975). Police socialization: A longitudinal examination of job attitudes in an urban police department. Administrative Science Quarterly, 20, 207-228.
73. Veninga, R. L., & Spradley, J. P. (1981). The work stress connection: How to cope with job burnout. Boston: Little, Brown.
74. Waldman, D. A., & Avolio, B. J. (1986). A meta-analysis of age differences in job performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71, 33-38.
75. Wang, M. C., & Bushman, B. J. (1999). Integrating results through meta-analytic review using SAS software. Gary, NC: SAS Institute.
76. Wiener, Y., & Vardi, Y. (1980). Relationship between job, organization, and career commitments and work outcomes - An integrative approach. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 26, 81-96.
77. Williams, L. J., & Anderson, S. E. (1991). Job satisfaction and organizational commitment as predictors of organizational citizenship and in-role behaviors. Journal of Management, 17, 601-617.
78. Williams, M. L., Podsakoff, P. M., & Huber, V. (1992). Effects of group-level and individual-level variation in leader behaviours on sub-ordinate attitudes and performance. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 65, 115-129.
79. Wright, T. A. (1997). Job performance and organizational commitment. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 85, 447-450.
80. Wright, T. A., & Bonett, D. G. (1992). The effect of turnover on work satisfaction and mental health: Support for a situational perspective. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 13, 603-615.
81. Wright, T. A., & Bonett, D. G. (1993). The role of employee coping and performance in voluntary employee withdrawal: A research refinement and elaboration. Journal of Management, 19, 147-161.
82. Wright, T. A., & Bonett, D. G. (1997). The contribution of burnout to work performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 18, 491-499.