Seasonal heat budgets of the North Pacific and North Atlantic Oceans

Journal of Physical Oceanography

Volumn 32, Issue 12, 2002, Pages 3474-3489

  Wang, Jiande ^a   Carton, James A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HEAT FLUX; OCEAN CURRENTS;

HEAT BUDGETS;

OCEANOGRAPHY;

HEAT BUDGET; HEAT FLUX; MIXED LAYER; SEASONALITY; WIND-DRIVEN CURRENT;

(NORTH); ATLANTIC OCEAN; PACIFIC OCEAN;

EID: 0036985607     PISSN: 00223670     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0485(2002)032<3474:SHBOTN>2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Baringer, M. O., and R. Molinari, 1999: Atlantic Ocean baroclinic heat flux at 24° to 26°N. Geophys, Res. Lett., 26, 353-356.
2. Baringer, M. O., and J. C. Larsen, 2001: Sixteen years of Florida Current transport at 27N. Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 3173-3182.
3. Blanc, T. V., 1985: Variation of bulk-derived surface flux, stability, and roughness results due to the use of different transfer coefficient schemes. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 15, 650-669.
4. Böning, C. W., and P. Herrmann, 1994: Annual cycle of poleward heat transport in the ocean: Results from high resolution modeling of the North and equatorial Atlantic. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 24, 91-107.
5. Böning, C. W., W. R. Holland, F. O. Bryan, G. Danabasoglu, and J. C. McWilliams, 1995: An overlooked problem in model simulations of the thermocline circulation and heat transport in the Atlantic Ocean. J. Climate. 8, 515-523.
6. Böning, C. W., F. O. Bryan, and W. R. Holland, 1996: Deep-water formation and meridional overturning in a high-resolution model of the North Atlantic. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 26, 1142-1164.
7. Bryan, K., 1962: Measurements of meridional heat transport by ocean currents. J. Mar. Res., 67, 3403-3413.
8. Bryden, H. L., and M. M. Hall, 1980: Heat transport by currents across 25°N latitude in the Atlantic Ocean. Science, 207, 884-886.
9. Bryden, H. L., D. H. Roemmich, and J. A. Church, 1991: Ocean heat transport across 24°N in the Pacific. Deep-Sea Res., 38, 297-324.
10. Bunker, A. F., 1976: A computation of surface energy flux and annual cycle of the North Atlantic Ocean. Mon. Wea. Rev., 104, 1122-1140.
11. Carton, J. A., and Z. Zhou, 1997: Annual cycle of sea surface temperature in the tropical Atlantic Ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 27 813-27 824.
12. Carton, J. A., G. Chepurin, X. Cao, and B. S. Giese, 2000a: A simple ocean data assimilation analysis of the global upper ocean 1950-1995. Part I: Methodology. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 30, 294-309.
13. Carton, J. A., G. Chepurin, and X. Cao, 2000b: A simple ocean data assimilation analysis of the global upper ocean 1950-1995. Part II: Results. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 30, 311-326.
14. Chepurin, G., and J. A. Carton, 1999: Comparison of retrospective analyses of the global ocean heat content. Dyn. Atmos. Oceans, 29, 119-145.
15. Coachman, L. K., and K. Aagaard, 1988: Transports through Bering Strait: Annual and interannual variability. J. Geophys. Res., 93, 15 535-15 539.
16. da Silva, A. M., and S. Levitus, 1994: Algorithms and Procedures. Vol. 1. Atlas of Surface Marine Data, NOAA Atlas NESDIS 1, 83 pp.
17. da Silva, A. M., C. C. Young, and S. Levitus, 1994: Algorithms and Procedures. Vol. 2, Atlas of Surface Marine Data. NOAA Atlas NESDIS 2, 83 pp.
18. Esbensen, S. K., and V. Kushnir, 1981: The heat budget of the global ocean: An atlas based on estimates from surface marine observations. Climate Research Institute Rep. No. 29, Oregon State University, 27 pp. [Available from College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331.]
19. Fillenbaum, E. R., and T. N. Lee, 1997: Meridional heat transport variability at 26.5°N in the Atlantic. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 27, 153-174.
20. Gleckler, P. J., and B. Weare, 1997: Uncertainties in global ocean surface heat flux climatologies derived from ship observations. J. Climate. 10, 2763-2781.
21. Hall, M. M., and H. L. Bryden, 1982: Direct estimates and mechanisms of ocean heat transport. Deep-Sea Res., 29, 339-359.
22. Hastenrath, S., 1982: On meridional heat transport in the world ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 12, 922-927.
23. Holland, W. R., and F. O. Bryan, 1994: Sensitivity studies on the role of the ocean in climate change. Ocean Processes in Climate Dynamics: Global and Mediterranean Example, P. Malanotte-Rizzoli and A. R. Robinson, Eds., Kluwer Academic, 111-134.
24. Hsiung, J., 1985: Estimate of global oceanic meridional heat transport. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 15, 1405-1413.
25. Hsiung, J., R. E. Newell, and T. Houghtby, 1989: The annual cycle of heat storage and ocean meridional heat transport. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 115, 1-28.
26. Jayne, S. R., and J. Marotzke, 2000: The dynamics of ocean heat transport variability. Int. WOCE Newslett., No. 38, WOCE International Project Office, Southampton, United Kingdom, 7-9.
27. Jayne, S. R., and J. Marotzke, 2001: The dynamics of ocean heat transport. Rev. Geophys., 39, 385-411.
28. Johnson, G. C., 2001: The Pacific Ocean subtropical cell surface limb. Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 1771-1774.
29. Johnson, G. C., and M. J. McPhaden, 1999: Interior pycnocline flow from the subtropical to the equatorial Pacific Ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 29, 3073-3089.
30. Jung, G. H., 1952: Note on the meridional transport of energy by the ocean. J. Mar. Res., 11, 139-146.
31. Kamenkovich, I., J. Marotzke, and P. H. Stone, 2000: Factors affecting heat transport in an ocean general circulation model. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 30, 175-194.
32. Kleeman, R., J. P. McCreary, and B. A. Klinger, 1999: A mechanism for generating ENSO decadal variability. Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 1743-1746.
33. Kobayashi, T., and N. Imasato, 1998: Seasonal variability of heat transport derived from hydrographic and wind stress data. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 24 663-24 674.
34. Kraus, E. B., and S. Levitus, 1986: Annual heat flux variations across the tropic circles. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 16, 1479-1486.
35. Lamb, P., and A. F. Bunker, 1982: The annual march of the heat budget of the North and tropical Atlantic Ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 12, 1388-1410.
36. Levitus, S., and J. Antonov, 1997: Climatological and Interannual Variability of Temperature, Heat Storage, and Rate of Heat Storage in the Upper Ocean. NOAA Atlas NESDIS 16, 6 pp.
37. MacDonald, A. M., and C. Wunsch, 1996: An estimate of global ocean circulation and heat fluxes. Nature, 382, 436-439.
38. Moisan, J. R., and P. P. Niiler, 1998: The seasonal heat budget in the North Pacific, net heat flux and heat storage rates (1950-1990). J. Phys. Oceanogr., 28, 401-420.
39. Molinari, R. L., E. Johns, and J. F. Festa, 1990: The annual cycle of meridional heat flux in the Atlantic Ocean at 26.5°N. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 20, 476-482.
40. Oberhuber, J. M., 1988: An atlas based on the 'COADS' data set: The budget of heat, buoyancy and turbulent kinetic energy at the surface of the global ocean. Rep. 15, Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, 20 pp.
41. Oort, A. H., and T. Vonder Haar, 1976: On the observed annual cycle in the ocean-atmosphere heat balance over the Northern Hemisphere. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 6, 781-800.
42. Philander, S. G. H., and R. C. Pacanowski, 1986: The mass and heat budget in a model of the tropical Atlantic Ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 91, 3293-3303.
43. Reynolds, R. W., and T. M. Smith, 1994: Improved global sea surface temperature analysis using optimum interpolation. J. Climate, 7, 929-948.
44. Roemmich, D., J. Gilson, and B. Cornuelle, 2001: Mean and time-varying meridional transport of heat at the tropical-subtropical boundary in the North Pacific Ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 106, 8957-8970.
45. Sato, O. T., and T. Rossby, 2000: Seasonal and low-frequency variability of meridional heat flux at 36°N in the North Atlantic. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 30, 606-620.
46. Schmitz, W. J., Jr., and P. L. Richardson, 1991: On the North Atlantic circulation. Rev. Geophys., 31, 29-49.
47. Talley, L. D., 1984: Meridional heat transport in the Pacific Ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 14, 231-241.
48. Trenberth, K. E., and J. M. Caron, 2001: Estimates of meridional atmosphere and ocean heat transport. J. Climate. 14, 3433-3443.
49. Wang, W., and M. J. McPhaden, 2000: The surface-layer heat balance in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 30, 2989-3008.
50. Wijffels, S. E., J. M. Toole, H. L. Bryden, R. A. Fine, W. J. Jenkins, and J. L. Bullister, 1996: The water masses and circulation at 10N in the Pacific. Deep-Sea Res., 43, 501-544.
51. Wilkin, J. L., J. V. Mansbridge, and J. S. Godfrey, 1995: Pacific Ocean heat transport at 24°N in a high-resolution global model. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 25, 2204-2214.
52. Yu, L., and P. Malanotte-Rizzoli, 1998: Inverse modeling of seasonal variations in the North Atlantic Ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 28, 902-922.