Rabbit haemorrhagic disease and the biological control of wild rabbits, Oryctolagus cuniculus, in Australia and New Zealand

Wildlife Research

Volumn 29, Issue 6, 2002, Pages 689-706

  Cooke, B D ^a   Fenner, F ^b  

^a CSIRO   (Australia)

^b Biology and Environment   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BIOLOGICAL CONTROL; DISEASE SPREAD; LAGOMORPH; PEST CONTROL; VIRAL DISEASE;

AUSTRALIA; NEW ZEALAND;

INSECTA; LAGOMORPHA; ORYCTOLAGUS CUNICULUS; RABBIT HEMORRHAGIC DISEASE VIRUS;

EID: 0036966658     PISSN: 10353712     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1071/WR02010     Document Type: Review

References (102)

1. Anon. (1989). Doença hemorrágica avirus do coelho em Portugal. Revista Portuguese de Ciencias Veterinarias 489, 57-58.
2. Asgari, S., Hardy, J. R. E., Sinclair, R. G., and Cooke, B. D. (1998). Field evidence of mechanical transmission of rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHDV) by flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) among wild rabbits in Australia. Virus Research 54, 123-132.
3. Barlow, N. D., Barron, M. C., and Parkes, J. (2002). Rabbit haemorrhagic disease in New Zealand: field test of a disease-host model. Wildlife Research 29, 649-653.
4. Blanco, J. C., and Villafuerte, R. (1994). Factores ecologicos que influyen sobre las poblaciones de conejos. Incidencia de de la enfermedad hemorrhágica. Informe técnico. Empresa de Transformación Agraria.
5. Bomford, M., Neave, H., and Conibear, M. (1998). Lessons from rabbit calicivirus disease. In 'Proceedings of the 11th Australian Vertebrate Pest Conference, Bunbury, Western Australia'. pp. 117-121. (Promaco Conventions: Perth.)
6. Bowen, Z., and Read, J. (1998). Population and demographic patterns of rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) at Roxby Downs in arid South Australia and the influence of rabbit haemorrhagic disease. Wildlife Research 25, 655-662.
7. Buddle, B. M., de Lisle, A. W., McColl, K., Collins, B. J., Morrissy, C., and Westbury, H. A. (1997). Response of the North Island brown kiwi, Apteryx australis mantelli and the lesser short-tailed bat, Mystacina tuberculata to a measured dose of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 45, 109-113.
8. Calvete, C., and Estrada, R. (2000). Epidemiología de enfermedad hemorrágica (VHD) y mixomatosis en el conejo sylvestre en el valle medio del Ebro. Herramientas de gestión. Consejo de la Protección de la Naturaleza de Aragón. ARPIrelieve, SA. 175 pp.
9. Calvete, C., Estrada, R., Villafuerte, R., Osácar, J. J., and Lucientes, J. (1995). Primeros resultados en campo sobre la enfermedad hemorragica del conejo. Trofeo 304, 22-28.
10. Cancellotti, F. M., and Renzi, M. (1991). Epidemiology and the current situation of viral haemorrhagic disease of rabbits and the European brown hare syndrome in Italy. Revue scientifique et technique de l'Office International des Épizooties 10, 409-422.
11. Capucci, L., Scicluna, M. T., and Lavazza, A. (1991). Diagnosis of viral haemorrhagic disease of rabbits and the European brown hare syndrome. Revue scientifique et technique de l'Office International des Épizooties 10, 347-370.
12. Capucci, L., Lavazza, A., Civardi, A., Frigoli, G., Barbieri, B., and Rossi, C. (1994). Seroconversion in asymptomatic rabbits provides further evidence of putative RHDV-like virus. In 'Immunobiology of Viral Infections. Third Congress of European Society of Veterinary Virology, Interlaken, Switzerland'. (Eds M. Schwyzer and M. Ackermann.) pp. 88-93. (Fondation Marcel Merieux: Lyon.)
13. Capucci, L., Frigoli, G., Ronshold, L., Lavazza, A., Brochi, E., and Rossi, C. (1995). Antigenicity of the rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus studied by its reactivity with monoclonal antibodies. Virus Research 37, 221-238.
14. Capucci, L., Fusi, P., Lavazza, A., Pacciarini, M. L., and Rossi, C. (1996). Detection and preliminary characterization of a new calicivirus related to rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus but nonpathogenic. Journal of Virology 70, 8614-8623.
15. Capucci, L., Nardin, A., and Lavazza, A. (1997). Seroconversion in an industrial unit of rabbits infected with a non-pathogenic rabbit haemorrhagic disease-like virus. Veterinary Record 140, 647-650.
16. Carman, J. A., Garner, M. G., Catton, M. G., Thomas, S., Westbury, H. A., Cannon, R. M., and Tribe, I. G. (1998). Viral haemorrhagic disease of rabbits and human health. Epidemiology and Infection 121, 409-418.
17. Chasey, D. (1997). Rabbit haemorrhagic disease - the new scourge of Oryctolagus cuniculus. Laboratory Animals 31, 33-44.
18. Chasey, D., and Duff, P. (1990). European brown hare disease and associated virus particles in the UK. Veterinary Record 126, 623-624.
19. Chasey, D., Lucas, M., Westcott, D., and Williams, M. (1992). European brown hare syndrome in the U.K.; a calicivirus related to but distinct from that of viral haemorrhagic disease in rabbits. Archives of Virology 124, 363-370.
20. Chasey, D., Trout, R. C., Shape, G., and Edwards, S. (1997). Seroepidemiology of rabbit haemorrhagic disease in wild rabbits in the UK and susceptibility to infection. In 'Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Caliciviruses'. (Eds D. Chasey, R. M. Gaskell and I. N. Clarke.) pp. 156-162. (European Society for Veterinary Virology and the Central Veterinary Laboratory: Weybridge, UK.)
21. Cooke, B. D. (1990). Rabbit burrows as environments for European rabbit fleas, Spilopsyllus cuniculi (Dale), in arid South Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 38, 317-325.
22. Cooke, B. D. (1999). Rabbit Calicivirus Disease Program Report 2: Epidemiology, spread and release in wild rabbit populations in Australia. A report of research conducted by participants of the Rabbit Calicivirus Disease Monitoring and Surveillance Program and Epidemiology Research Program. Prepared for the RCD Management Group. Bureau of Rural Sciences, Canberra.
23. Cooke, B. D. (2001). Rabbit haemorrhagic disease. In 'The Encyclopedia of Arthropod-transmitted Infections'. (Ed. M. W. Service.) pp. 420-422. (CABI Publishing: Wallingford, UK.)
24. Cooke, B. D. (2002). Rabbit haemorrhagic disease: field epidemiology and the management of wild rabbit populations. Review scientifique et technique de l'Office International des Epizooties 21, 347-358.
25. Cooke, B. D., and Berman, D. (2000). Effect of inoculation route and ambient temperature on the survival time of rabbits, Oryctolagus cuniculus (L.), infected with rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus. Wildlife Research 27, 137-142.
26. Cooke, B. D., Robinson, A. J., Merchant, J. C., Nardin, A., and Capucci, L. (2000). Use of ELISAs in field studies of rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) in Australia. Epidemiology and Infection 124, 563-576.
27. Cooke, B. D., McPhee, S., Robinson, A. J., and Capucci, L. (2002). Rabbit haemorrhagic disease: does a pre-existing RHDV-like virus reduce the effectiveness of RHD as a biological control in Australia? Wildlife Research 29, 673-682.
28. Edwards, G. P., Dobbie, W., and Berman, D. McK. (2002a). Population trends in European rabbits and other wildlife of central Australia in the wake of rabbit haemorrhagic disease. Wildlife Research 29, 557-565.
29. Edwards, G. P., Dobbie, W., and Berman, D. McK. (2002b). Warren ripping: its impacts on European rabbits and other wildlife of central Australia amid the establishment of rabbit haemorrhagic disease. Wildlife Research 29, 567-575.
30. Feng-Yi, Z. (1990). The rabbit industry in China. Journal of Applied Rabbit Research 12, 278-279.
31. Fenner, F., and Fantini, B. (1999). 'Biological Control of Vertebrate Pests. The History of Myxomatosis - an Experiment in Evolution.' (CABI Publishing: Wallingford, UK.) 349 pp.
32. Fuchs, A., and Weissenbock, H. (1992). Comparative histopathological study of rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) and European brown hare syndrome (EBHS). Journal of Comparative Pathology 107, 103-113.
33. Gavier-Widén, D., and Mörner, T. (1991). Epidemiology and diagnosis of the European brown hare syndrome in Scandinavian countries: a review. Revue scientifique et technique de l'Office International des Épizooties 10, 453-458.
34. Gilbert, N., Myers, K., Cooke, B. D., Dunsmore, J. D., Fullagar, P. J., Gibb, J. A., King, D. R., Parer, I., Wheeler, S. H., and Wood, D. H. (1987). Comparative dynamics of Australasian rabbit populations. Australian Wildlife Research 14, 491-503.
35. Gould, A. R., Kattenbelt, J. A., Lenghaus, C., Morrissy, C., Chamberlain, T., Collins, B. J., and Westbury, H. A. (1997). The complete nucleotide sequence of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (Czech strain V351): use of the polymerase chain reaction to detect replication in Australian vertebrates and analysis of viral population sequence variation. Virus Research 47, 7-17.
36. Gregg, D. A., House, C., Meyer, R., and Berninger, M. (1991). Viral haemorrhagic disease of rabbits in Mexico: epidemiology and viral characterization. Revue scientifique et technique de l'Office International des Épizooties 10, 435-451.
37. Guittré C., Baginski, I., Le Gall, G., Prave, M., Trépo, C., and Cova, L. (1995). Detection of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus isolates and sequence comparison of the N-terminus of the capsid protein gene by the polymerase chain reaction. Research in Veterinary Science 58, 128-132.
38. Heath, A. C. G., Heywood, R., and Norbury, G. (1998). Blowflies (Calliphoridae) as potential vectors of rabbit haemorrhagic disease in New Zealand. In 'Rabbit Control, RCD: Dilemmas and Implications. Proceedings of the Conference, 30-31 March 1998, Wellington, New Zealand'. Royal Society of New Zealand Miscellaneous Series 55, 85-88.
39. Henzell, R., Cunningham, R. B., and Neave, H. M. (2001). Influence of climate and other factors on the survival of Australian rabbits exposed to rabbit haemorrhagic disease. In 'Proceedings of the 12th Australasian Vertebrate Pest Conference, 21-25 May 2001, Melbourne'. pp. 36-40. (Victorian Department of Natural Resources and Environment: Melbourne.)
40. Henzell, R. P., Cunningham, R. B., and Neave, H. M. (2002). Factors affecting the survival of Australian rabbits exposed to rabbit haemorrhagic disease. Wildlife Research 29, 523-542.
41. Holden, C., and Mutze, G. (2002). Impact of rabbit haemorrhagic disease on introduced predators in the Flinders Ranges, South Australia. Wildlife Research 29, 615-626.
42. Huang, H.-B. (1991). Vaccination against and immune response to viral haemorrhagic disease of rabbits: a review of research in the People's Republic of China. Revue scientifique et technique de l'Office International des Épizooties 10, 481-498.
43. Hunt, L., and Rasheed, D. (1991). Ripping the rabbits restores the ranges. Range Management Newsletter July 1991, 6-8.
44. Kapikian, A. Z., Estes, M. K., and Chanock, R. M. (1995). Norwalk group of viruses. In 'Field's Virology'. 3rd Edn. (Eds B. N. Fields, D. M. Knipe, P. M. Howley, R. M. Chanock, J. L. Melnick, T. P. Monath, B. Roizman and S. E. Straus.). pp. 783-810. (Lippincott-Raven: Philadelphia.)
45. Kovaliski, J. (1998). Monitoring the spread of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus as a new biological agent for the control of European rabbits in Australia. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 34, 421-428.
46. Lavazza, A., Scicluna, M. T., and Capucci, L. (1996). Susceptibility of hares and rabbits to the European brown hare syndrome virus (EBHSV) and rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) under experimental conditions. Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B 43, 401-410.
47. LeGall, G., Huguet, S., Vende, P., Vautherot, J. F., and Rasschaert, D. (1996). European brown hare syndrome virus: molecular cloning and sequencing of the genome. Journal of General Virology 77, 1693-1697.
48. Lenghaus, C., Westbury, H., Collins, B., Ratnarnohan, M., and Morrissy, C. (1994). Overview of the RHD project in Australia. In 'Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease: Issues in Assessment for Biological Control'. (Eds R. K Munro and R. T. Williams.) pp. 104-129. (Australian Government Publishing Service: Canberra.)
49. Liu, S. J., Xue, H. P., Pu, B. Q., and Quian, N. H. (1984). A new viral disease in rabbits. Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine 16, 352-255. [In Chinese.] Abstract in Veterinary Bulletin (1985) 55, 5600.
50. Lord, D. (2002). The impact of rabbit grazing on the sucker recruitment of the threatened species purple-wood acacia (Acacia carnei). Range Management Newsletter March 2002, 11-14.
51. Lugton, I. W. (1999). An epidemiological investigation of risk factors affecting the outcome of rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHDV) releases in NSW. Australian Veterinary Journal 77, 322-328
52. Marcato, P. S., Benazzi, C., Vecchi, G., Galeotti, M., Della Salsa, L., Sarli, G., and Lucidi, P. (1991). Clinical and pathological features of viral haemorrhagic disease of rabbits and the European brown hare syndrome. Revue scientifique et technique de l'Office International des Épizooties 10, 371-392.
53. Marchandeau, S., Chantal, J., Portejoie, Y., Barraud, S., and Chaval, Y. (1998a). Impact of viral haemorrhagic disease on a wild rabbit population in France. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 34, 429-435.
54. Marchandeau, S., Ricci, J. C., and Chantal, J. (1998b). Taux de prévalence séologique du virus de la maladie virale hemorragiqie (VHD) du lapin de garenne (Oryctolagus cuniculus) et de ses formes apparentées au sein de différentes populations sauvages en France. Mammalia 62, 95-103.
55. Marchandeau, S., Chaval, Y., and Le Goff, E. (2000). Prolonged decline in the abundance of wild European rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus and high immunity level over three years following the arrival of RHD. Wildlife Biology 6, 141-147.
56. Marshall, I. D. (1959). The influence of ambient temperature on the course of myxomatosis in wild rabbits. Journal of Hygiene 57, 484-497.
57. McPhee, S. R., Berman, D., Gonzales, A., Butler, K. L., Humphrey, J., Muller, J., Waddington, J. N., Daniels, P., Koch, S., and Marks, C. A. (2002). Efficacy of a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) for estimating prevalence of immunity to rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) in populations of Australian wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Wildlife Research 29, 635-647.
58. Meyers, G., Wirblich, C., and Thiel, H.-J. (1991). Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus - molecular cloning and nucleotide sequencing of a calicivirus genome. Virology 184, 664-676.
59. Morisse, J.-P., Le Gall, G., and Boilletot, E. (1991). Hepatitis of viral origin in Leporidae: introduction and aetiological hypotheses. Revue scientifique et technique de l'Office International des Épizooties 10, 283-295.
60. Moussa, A., Chasey, D., Lavassa, A., Capucci, L., Smid, B., Meyers, G., Rossi, C., Thiel, H.-J., Vlasak, R., Ronsholt, L., Nowotny, N., McCullough, K., and Gavier-Widén, D. (1992). Epidemiology and molecular biology of the calicivirus aetiological agent of the haemorrhagic disease of lagomorphs. Veterinary Technology Newsletter 2, 97-101.
61. Mutze, G., Cooke, B., and Alexander, P. (1998a). The initial impact of rabbit hemorrhagic disease on European rabbit populations in South Australia. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 34, 221-227.
62. Mutze, G., Linton, V., and Greenfield, B. (1998b). Impact of rabbit calicivirus disease on the flora and fauna of the Flinders Ranges, South Australia. In 'Proceedings of the 11th Australian Vertebrate Pest Conference, Bunbury, Western Australia'. pp. 153-157. (Promaco Conventions: Perth.)
63. Mutze, G., Bird, P., Kovaliski, J., Peacock, D., Jennings, S., and Cooke, B. (2002). Emerging epidemiological patterns in rabbit haemorrhagic disease, its interaction with myxomatosis, and their effects on rabbit populations in South Australia. Wildlife Research 29, 577-590.
64. Nagesha, H. S., Wang, L.-F., Hyatt, A. D., Morrissy, C. J., Lenghaus, C., and Westbury, H. A. (1995). Self-assembly, antigenicity and immunogenicity of the rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (Czechoslovakian strain V-351) capsid protein expressed in baculovirus. Archives of Virology 140, 1095-1108.
65. Nagesha, H. S., McColl, K. A., Collins, B. J., Morrissy, C. J., Wang, L. F., and Westbury, H. A. (2000). The presence of cross-reactive antibodies to rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus in Australian wild rabbits prior to the escape of the virus from quarantine. Archives of Virology 145, 749-757.
66. Neave, H. (1999). Rabbit Calicivirus Disease Program Report 1: Overview of effects on Australian wild rabbit populations and implications for agriculture and biodiversity. A report of research conducted by participants of the Rabbit Calicivirus Disease Monitoring and Surveillance Program and Epidemiology Research Program. Prepared for the RCD Management Group. Bureau of Rural Sciences, Canberra.
67. Newsome, A., Pech, R., Smyth, R., Banks, P., and Dickman, C. (1997). Potential impacts on Australian native fauna of rabbit calicivirus disease. A report for Australian Nature Conservation Agency. Biodiversity Group, Environment Australia, Canberra. 130 pp.
68. Norbury, G., Heyward, R., and Parkes, J. (2002). Short-term ecological effects of rabbit haemorrhagic disease in the short-tussock grasslands of the South Island, New Zealand. Wildlife Research 29, 599-604.
69. Norris, K. R. (1966). Daily patterns of flight activity of blowflies (Calliphoridae: Diptera) in the Canberra district as indicated by trap catches. Australian Journal of Zoology 14, 835-853.
70. Nowotny, N., Ros Bascuñana, C., Balligi-Pordány, A., Gavier-Widén, D., Uhlén, M., and Belák, S. (1997). Phylogenetic analysis of rabbit haemorrhagic disease and European brown hare syndrome viruses by comparison of sequences from the capsid protein gene. Archives of Virology 42, 657-673.
71. Ohlinger, V. F., and Theil, H.-J. (1991). Identification of the viral haemorrhagic disease virus of rabbits as a calicivirus. Revue scientifique et technique de l'Office International des Épizooties 10, 311-323.
72. Ohlinger, V. F., Haas, B., Meyers, G., Weiland, F., and Theil, H.-J. (1990). Identification and characterization of the virus causing rabbit haemorrhagic disease. Journal of Virology 64, 3331-3336.
73. O'Keefe, J. S., Tempero, J. E., Atkinson, P. H., Pacciarini, M. L., Fallacara, F., Horner, G., and Motha, J. (1998). Typing of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus from New Zealand wild rabbits. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 46, 41-42.
74. Park, J. H., Kida, H., Ueda, K., Ochiai, K., Goryo, M., and Itakura, C. (1991). Etiology of rabbit haemorrhagic disease spontaneously occurring in Korea. Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B 38, 749-754.
75. Parkes, J. P., Norbury, G., and Hayward, R. (1999). Initial epidemiology of rabbit haemorrhagic disease in New Zealand. In 'Rabbit Control, RCD: Dilemmas and Implications. Proceedings of the Conference, 30-31 March 1998, Wellington, New Zealand'. Royal Society of New Zealand Miscellaneous Series 55, 80-83.
76. Parra, F., and Prieto, M. (1990). Purification and characterization of a calicivirus as the causative agent of a lethal haemorrhagic disease in rabbits. Journal of Virology 64, 4013-4015.
77. Peiró, V., and Seva, E. (1991). Maladie haemorrhagique virale du lapin de garenne au sud-est de l-Espagne. In 'Proceedings of the XXth Congress of the International Union of Game Biologists, 21-26 August 1991, Godollo, Hungary'. pp. 752-758. (University of Agricultural Science: Godollo.)
78. Rasschaert, D., Huguet, S., Madelaien, M.-F., and Vautherot, J.-F. (1995). Sequence and genome organization of a rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus isolated from a wild rabbit. Virus Genes 9, 121-132.
79. Read, J., and Bowen, Z. (2001). Population dynamics, diet and aspects of the biology of feral cats and foxes in arid South Australia. Wildlife Research 28, 195-201.
80. Reddiex, B., Hickling, G. J., Norbury, G. L., and Frampton, C. M. (2002). Effects of predation and rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) on population dynamics of rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) in North Canterbury, New Zealand. Wildlife Research 29, 627-633.
81. Richardson, B. J. (2001). Calicivirus, myxoma virus and the wild rabbit in Australia: a tale of three invasions. In 'Proceedings of SGM Symposium 60: New Challenges to Health: The Threat of Virus Infection'. (Eds G. L. Smith, W. L. Irving, J. W. McCauley and D. J. Rowlands.) pp. 67-87. (Cambridge University Press: Cambridge.)
82. Robinson, A. J., So, P. T. M., Müller, W. J., Cooke, B. D., and Capucci, L. (2002a). Statistical models for the effect of age and maternal antibodies on the development of rabbit haemorrhagic disease in Australian wild rabbits. Wildlife Research 29, 663-671.
83. Robinson, A. J., Kirkland, P. D., Forrester, R. I., Capucci, L., Cooke, B.D., and Philby, A. W. (2002b). Serological evidence for the presence of a calicivirus in Australian wild rabbits, Oryctolagus cuniculus, before the introduction of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV): its potential influence on the specificity of a competitive ELISA for RHDV. Wildlife Research 29; 655-662.
84. Rodak, L., Smid, B., Valicek, L., Stepanek, J., Hampel, J., and Jurak, E. (1990). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of antibodies to rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus and determination of its major structural proteins. Journal of General Virology 71, 1075-1080.
85. Rodak, L., Smid, B., and Valicek, L. (1991). Application of control measures against viral haemorrhagic disease of rabbits in the Czech and Slovak Republics. Revue scientifique et technique de l'Office International des Épizooties 10, 513-524.
86. Rogers, P. M., Arthur, C. P., and Soriguer, R. C. (1994). The rabbit in continental Europe. In 'The European Rabbit: The History and Biology of a Successful Coloniser'. (Eds H. V. Thompson and C. M. King.) pp. 22-63. (Oxford University Press: Oxford.)
87. Ruvoen-Clouet, N., Ganiere, J. P., Andre-Fontaine, G., Blanchard, D., and Le Pendu, J. (2000). Binding of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus to antigens of the ABH histo-blood group family. Journal of Virology 74, 11950-11954.
88. Sandell, P. R. (2002). Implications of rabbit haemorrhagic disease for the short-term recovery of semi-arid woodland communities in north-west Victoria. Wildlife Research 29, 591-598.
89. Sanson, R. L., Brooks, H. V., and Horner, G. W. (2000). An epidemiological study of the spread of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus amongst previously non-exposed rabbit populations in the North island of New Zealand. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 48, 105-110.
90. Saunders, G., and Kay, B. (1999). Rabbit Calicivirus Disease Program Report 5: Implications for agricultural production in Australia. A report of research conducted by participants of the Rabbit Calicivirus Disease Monitoring and Surveillance Program and Epidemiology Research Program. Prepared for the RCD Management Group. Bureau of Rural Sciences, Canberra.
91. Saunders, G., Choquenot, D., McIlroy, J., and Packwood, R. (1999). Initial effects of rabbit haemorrhagic disease on free-living rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) populations in central western New South Wales. Wildlife Research 26, 69-74.
92. Saunders, G., Kay, B., Mutze, G., and Choquenot, D. (2002). Observations on the impacts of rabbit haemorrhagic disease on agricultural production values in Australia. Wildlife Research 29, 605-613.
93. Simón, R. C., Ortega, C., Maynar, P., Muzquiz, J. L., De Blas, I., Muguruza, R., Girones, O., Alonso, J. L., and Sanchez, J. (1998). Studies in wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) populations in Navarra, Spain. I. Epidemiology of rabbit viral haemorrhagic disease. Gibier Faune sauvage (Game Wildlife Science) 15, 47-64.
94. Thompson, J., and Clark, G. (1997). Rabbit calicivirus now established in New Zealand. Surveillance 24, 5-6.
95. Trout, R. (1999). Results from field studies of rabbit haemorrhagic disease in Britain. In 'Rabbit Control, RCD: Dilemmas and Implications. Proceedings of the Conference, 30-31 March 1999, Wellington, New Zealand'. Royal Society of New Zealand Miscellaneous Series 55, 67-71.
96. Villafuerte, R., Calvette, C., Gortazar, C., and Moreno, S. (1994). First epizootic of rabbit haemorrhagic disease in free living populations of Oryctolagus cuniculus at Donana National Park, Spain. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 30, 176-179.
97. Villafuerte, R., Calvete, C., Blanco, J. C., and Lucientes, J. (1995). Incidence of viral haemorrhagic disease in wild rabbits in Spain. Mammalia 59, 651-659.
98. Wardhaugh, K., and Rochester, W. (1996). A retrospective analysis of weather conditions in relation to insect activity and displacement (Project CS236). Report, Meat Research Corporation, Sydney.
99. Westbury, H. (1996). Field evaluation of RCD under quarantine. Final Report of Project CS236, Meat Research Corporation, Sydney.
100. White, P. J., Norman, R. A., Trout, R. C., Gould, E. A., and Hudson, P. J. (2001). The emergence of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus: will a non-pathogenic strain protect the UK? Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 356, 1087-1095.
101. Wyatt, R. G., Greenberg, H. G., Dalgard, D. W., Allwood, W. P., Sly, D. L., Thorhill, T. S., Chanock, R. M., and Kapikian, A. Z. (1978). Experimental infection of chimpanzees with the Norwalk agent of epidemic viral gastroenteritis. Journal of Medical Virology 2, 89-96.
102. Xu, W. (1991). Viral hemorrhagic disease of rabbits in the People's Republic of China: epidemiology and virus characterization. Revue scientifique et technique de l'Office International des Épizooties 10, 393-408.